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    Major domains of the Earth

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    nprassilj

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    Major domains of the Earth

    Uploaded by

    nprassilj
    3 views21 pages

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    Copyright:

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    3 views21 pages

    Major domains of the Earth

    Uploaded by

    nprassilj

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 21

    • The surface of the Earth is a complex zone in which three main

    components of the environment


    • Lithosphere- on which we live
    • Atmosphere- gaseous layers that surround the earth.
    • Hydrosphere- Water covers
    • BIOSPHERE- is the narrow zone where we find LAND, WATER AND AIR
    together, which contains all forms of life.
    Lithosphere
    • Two main divisions of the earth’s surface. Continents and Ocean
    basins
    • Oceans of the water are connected with one another
    • The level of seawater remains the same everywhere.
    • Elevation of land is measured from the level of the sea
    • Highest mountain peak MT. Everest is 8,848 metres above the sea
    level.
    • Greatest depth of 11,022 metres is recorded at Mariana Trench in
    Pacific Ocean.
    Asia
    1. The largest continent
    2. One-third of the total land area of the earth
    3. Lies in the Eastern Hemisphere
    4. Tropic of cancer passes through this continent
    5. Asia is separated from Europe by the Ural mountain on the
    west.
    6. Combined landmass of Europe and Asia is called the Eurasia
    (Europe + Asia)
    Europe

    •Smaller than Asia


    •Lies in the west of Asia.
    •Arctic Circle passes through it.
    •Water bodies on three sides
    Africa
    • Second largest continent
    • Equator or zero degree latitude runs almost through the middle of the
    continent.
    • Large part of Africa lies in the Northern Hemisphere.
    • Only continent through which the Tropic of cancer, the Equator and
    the Tropic of Capricorn pass.
    • The Sahara Desert, the world’s largest hot desert, is located in Africa.
    • Oceans and seas all sides.
    • The Nile, the world’s longest river.
    North America

    • Third largest continent of the world.


    • Linked to South America by a very narrow
    strip of land called the Isthmus of Panama.
    • Lies completely in the Northern and
    Western Hemisphere.
    • Three oceans surround this continent
    South America

    •Lies in the Southern Hemisphere.


    •The Andes, World’s longest mountain
    range
    •The Amazon, World’s largest river.
    Australia

    •The smallest continent


    •Lies in the Southern Hemisphere.
    •Oceans and seas all sides
    •Known as Island Continent
    Antarctica
    • Lies in the Southern Hemisphere
    • South Pole lies almost at the centre of this continent.
    • No permanent human settlements.
    • Countries have research stations in Antarctica.
    • India also has research stations
    • Maitri
    • Dakshin Gangotri
    Pacific Ocean
    • The largest Ocean.
    • Spread over one-third of the Earth.
    • Mariana Trench, the deepest part of the Earth,
    lie in the Pacific Ocean.
    • Almost circular in shape.
    • Asia, Australia, North and South America
    surround it.
    Atlantic Ocean

    • Second largest ocean in the world.


    • S shape
    • Western Side- North and South America
    • Eastern Side- Europe and Africa
    • Busiest Ocean
    Indian Ocean

    •named after a country, that is, India.


    •Triangular shaped
    •In the north, it is bond by Asia, in the
    west by Africa and in the east by
    Australia.
    Southern Ocean
    • It encircles the continent of Antarctica
    • Extends northward to 60 degrees south latitude.
    Arctic Ocean
    • Located within the Arctic Circle and surrounds
    the North Pole
    • It is connected with the Pacific Ocean by a
    narrow stretch of shallow water known as
    Berring strait.
    • It is bound by northern coasts of north America
    and Eurasia.
    Atmosphere
    • The earth is surrounded by a layer of gas called the atmosphere.
    • This thin blanket of air is an integral and important aspect of the
    planet.
    • It provides us with the air we breathe and protects us from the harmful
    effects of sun’s rays.
    The atmosphere extends up to a height of about 1600 KM.
    • The atmosphere is composed mainly of nitrogen and oxygen,
    • Which make up about 99 per cent of clean, dry air.
    • Nitrogen 78%, Oxygen 21% and other gases like carbon dioxide, argon
    and others comprise 1%.

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