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    Number System Presentation

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    Number System Presentation

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    2 views14 pages

    Number System Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Sadia

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Chapter 1: Number System

    An Introduction to Real Numbers and Related Concepts

    Sadia Islam Taspia


    Lecturer
    Department of AIS
    United International University
    BBA & MBA, Dept. of AIS, University of Dhaka

    1
    Introduction to Real Numbers

    • Real numbers are numbers that can be found on the number line. This
    includes both rational and irrational numbers.
    • Examples: Integers, fractions, decimals (e.g., 3, -2, 4.5, √2)

    SIT 2
    Classification of Real Numbers

    • Natural Numbers (1, 2, 3…)


    • Whole Numbers (0, 1, 2…)
    • Integers (-3, -2, 0, 1…)
    • Rational Numbers (e.g., 1/2, -3/4)
    • Irrational Numbers (e.g., π, √2)

    SIT 3
    Properties of Real Numbers
    1. Commutative Property:
    - Addition: a + b = b + a
    - Multiplication: a × b = b × a
    - Example: If a = 3 and b = 5, then 3 + 5 = 5 + 3 = 8, and 3 × 5 = 5 × 3 = 15

    2. Associative Property:
    - Addition: (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
    - Multiplication: (a × b) × c = a × (b × c)
    - Example: If a = 2, b = 3, and c = 4, then (2 + 3) + 4 = 2 + (3 + 4) = 9

    3. Distributive Property:
    - Formula: a(b + c) = ab + ac
    - Example: If a = 2, b = 3, and c = 4, then 2(3 + 4) = 2 × 3 + 2 × 4 = 6 + 8 = 14

    4. Identity Property:
    - Addition: a + 0 = a
    - Multiplication: a × 1 = a
    - Example: 7 + 0 = 7 and 7 × 1 = 7

    5. Inverse Property:
    - Addition: a + (-a) = 0
    - Multiplication: a × (1/a) = 1 (a ≠ 0)
    - Example: For a = 5, additive inverse is -5, and multiplicative inverse is 1/5

    SIT 4
    Order of Operations (PEMDAS)

    • Why Order of Operations Matters:


    - Ensures everyone gets the same result for mathematical expressions!

    • PEMDAS:
    - Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication/Division, Addition/Subtraction

    • Step-by-Step Breakdown of PEMDAS:


    - P: Solve inside parentheses (e.g., (3 + 2) × 4 → 20)
    - E: Solve exponents (e.g., 3^2 + 4 → 13)
    - MD: Multiplication/Division left to right (e.g., 10 ÷ 2 × 3 → 15)
    - AS: Addition/Subtraction left to right (e.g., 8 + 3 - 2 → 9)

    SIT 5
    Order of Operations Example

    Problem: Solve 5 + 2 × (3^2 - 4) ÷ 2

    SIT 6
    Order of Operations Example
    Solution:
    - Step 1 (Parentheses): 3^2 - 4 = 5
    - Step 2 (Exponents): Already calculated in Step
    - Step 3 (Multiplication/Division): 2 × 5 = 10 and
    10 ÷ 2 = 5
    - Step 4 (Addition): 5 + 5 = 10
    Answer: 10

    SIT 7
    Practice Problems

    • Solve:
    - 6 + 3 × 2^2
    - (4 + 6) ÷ 2 - 3

    SIT 8
    Square Roots
    A square root is a number that, when multiplied by itself, gives the original
    number.

    • Example: √16 = 4 because 4 × 4 = 16


    • Practice: √25 = 5 and √49 = 7

    SIT 9
    The Number Line

    • Concept: Represents real numbers in a linear format with zero at the


    center.
    • Positive numbers to the right, negative numbers to the left.

    SIT 10
    Absolute Value

    • Definition: Absolute value represents the distance from zero on the


    number line.

    • Example: |3| = 3 and |-5| = 5

    SIT 11
    Summary and Practice Problems

    • Lets recap Key Points: Properties of Real Numbers, Order of Operations,


    Square Roots, The Number Line, Absolute Value.

    • Sample Questions:
    - Identify types of numbers
    - Use order of operations
    - Find square roots

    SIT 12
    Any Question?

    13
    Thank You!

    14

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