Uts 2

LESSON 8:
MORAL DEVELOPMENT
Group 2
Introductio
• A
n
holistic
“persona” as
understanding of the “self”,
well as one’s unique “identity”
the
involves our perception and understanding of the

overt and covert traits of the individual.
• “With great powers comes great
responsibility” - Spiderman film
• “Ethics” has taught us of our duty as an intelligent
being.
What is
Morality?
Is a principle concerning how individuals distinguish what
is right from what is wrong. Morality comes from the Latin
word 'moralitas' which denotes manner, character and
proper behavior. It is the differentiation of intentions,
decisions, and actions between those that are
distinguished as proper and those that are improper, the
disjunction between right and wrong. In determining this
however, 'free will' becomes an important element as
individuals are provided a 'freedom of decision' as they are
not forced into performing something which is against
What is Value?
Is the worth that we assign to things that we
possess. It is something that one considers to
be important. It is an abstraction that is
manifested in our actions. Our image and
identity can be highly a reflection of this deep
seated traits and motivation. The same may be
an influence of our family, our peers, our
school, our church, the government and mass
SOME VALUES WHICH INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING IN EFFECT
PROJECT THE IDENTITY AND THE IMAGE THAT WE HAVE
FORMED IN THE COURSE OF PERFORMING OUR DAILY
TASKS. IT REVEALS THE COURSE TO WHICH OUR IDENTITY
AS AN INDIVIDUAL IS BEING DIRECTED.
LOYALTY
Faithfulness to words we
speak ; devoted in
relationships ;
conscientious to our duty
SINCERITY
truthfulness to
promises ; openness
and transparency
about one’s thoughts
KINDNESS
benevolence and
gentleness in how
one treats other
people
COMPASSION
humane and
sympathetic about
what others are
undertaking
COURAGE
bravery in the
midst of
difficulties
PERSEVERANCE
Steadfast and
persistent to attain
life goals
CHEERFULNESS
positivity and
light
heartedness
even during
OPTIMISM
having sense of
gratitude to
appreciate what one
possesses
RESPECT
courtesy, reverence
for those in
authority and of
seniority
VOLUNTEERISM
initiative to
extend help to
those in dire
need
INTEGRITY
moral uprighness
for greater
credibility
PERSONAL
VALUES
Provide an internal
reference for what is
good, beneficial,
important, useful,
beautiful, desirable,
constructive, etc.
VALUE JUDGEMENT
Is a judgment of a specific values

system as either right or wrong based
on one's a particular set of standards or
value system. It is an injunction that
reiterates that an act be carried out
VALUE JUDGEMENT
• Refers to an individual's opinion. Of course, the

individual's opinion is formed to a degree by
their belief system, and the culture to which
they belong.
• A value judgment formed within a specific value
system may be parochial, and may be subject
to dispute in a wider audience.
• Scientific truths are considered objective, but
VALUE JUDGEMENT
• A scientific view is a value judgement that

is socially constructed based upon
rigorous evaluation and wide consensus.
• Value judgments involve aesthetical,
ethical, ideological, moral, theological and
other interpretations and cannot be
EXISTENTIAL HUMANISM AND THE 'SELF
a principle focusing on the human subject

struggling for self-knowledge and self-
responsibility. It is stated that the best use of
our capacity for making choices is to freely
choose to live a fully human life, rooted in a
personal search for values, rather than an
EXISTENTIAL HUMANISM AND THE 'SELF
• Jean-Paul Sartre classified existentialism under

humanism because it expresses the power of human
beings to make freely-willed choices, independent
from the influence of religion or society.
• Existential-humanistic psychology has played an
important role at individuals as a whole person living
in a socially interconnected and holistic world.
• It is very important to understand a person’s
CONSTRUCT OF SELF
• Also called self - concept.
• Plays a very important role for all
humanists
• Humanists believe that a person has the
capacity to change his/her behavior and
has the internal mechanism to heal and
JEAN - PAUL SATRE
• As reiterated by Paul Sartre, the key in defining the
existence of a person precedes his or her essence.
• According to him, “man first of all exists, encounter
himself, surges up in the world and defines himself
afterwards.”
• He rejects what he calls “deterministic excuses”
and claims that people must take responsibility for
their behavior.
THANK YOU!
FOR LISTENING

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LESSON 8:

involves our perception and understanding of the

Is a judgment of a specific values

• Refers to an individual's opinion. Of course, the

• A scientific view is a value judgement that

a principle focusing on the human subject

• Jean-Paul Sartre classified existentialism under

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