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Poetic Skills
• Poetry: A kind of rhythmic, compressed language
that uses figures of speech and imagery designed to
appeal to our emotions and imagination.
• alliteration.
• consonance. ...
• Assonance. ...
• end rhyme. ...
• imagery. ...
• simile. ...
• symbolism. 2
 Simile and Metaphor
• A simile is a figure of speech that makes a
comparison, showing similarities between two
different things.
• Eg.‘Her Face was pale as a winter’s moon’.
• A metaphor is a comparison between two things
that states one thing is another.
• Eg. The snow is a white blanket.

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 Consonance
• Consonance is a literary device that refers to the
repetition of the same consonant sounds in a line of
text.

• Whose woods these are I think I know

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 Assonance
• Assonance is the repetition of a vowel sound.

• Eg "Hear the mellow wedding bells“

• Repetition of ‘e’ vowel.

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 Enjambment
• Enjambment is a literary device in which a line of
poetry carries its idea or thought over to the
next line without a punctuation mark such as
comma, full stop etc.
• eg. Has given my heart
A change of mood
And saved some part
Of a day I had rued.

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 IMAGERY

• Imagery means to use figurative language to

represent objects, actions, and ideas in such a way
that it appeals to our physical senses.
• Types & Examples
• Visual Imagery
• Visual imagery describes what we see: comic book
images, paintings, or images directly experienced
through the narrator’s eyes.

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 IMAGERY
• Auditory Imagery
• Auditory imagery describes what we hear, from
music to noise to pure silence.
• Enjoyable sounds, such as: beautiful music,
birdsong, and the voices of a chorus.
• Olfactory Imagery
• Olfactory imagery describes what we smell.
Olfactory imagery may include:
• Fragrances, such as perfumes, enticing food and
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drink, and blooming flowers.
 IMAGERY
• Gustatory Imagery
• Gustatory imagery describes what we taste.
• Sweetness, such as candies, cookies, and desserts.
• Sourness, bitterness, and tartness, such as lemons
and limes.
• Tactile Imagery
• Lastly, tactile imagery describes what we feel or
touch. Tactile imagery includes:
• Temperature, such as bitter cold, humidity,
mildness, and stifling heat. 14
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 Symbolism
• Symbolism is the practice or art of using an object
or a word to represent an abstract idea.
• Eg. The narrator chose the path that was 'grassy and
wanted wear,' which symbolises the desire of
many of us to choose the career option which is
chosen by less number of people
•

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 Literary Figures

• ALLUSION
• DICTION
• ONAMOTOPEIA
• HYPERBOLE
• IRONY
• OXYMORON
• PARADOX
• SATIRE
• EPITHET
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 ALLUSION
• Allusion is a literary device in which the writer or
speaker refers either directly or indirectly to a
person, event, or thing in history or to a work of art
or literature. It does not describe in detail the
person or thing to which it refers.
• Eg. He studies all the time and is a regular Einstein

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 DICTION
• Diction refers to the choice of words and style of
expression that an author makes and uses in a work
of literature. In formal writing-essays, speeches-
diction should be formal
• Eg. Use of “adieu” than to say “goodbye.
• “ Edify “ than to say ‘’ let know”
• “ opt “ than to say “ pick out “

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 Onomatopoeia

• It is defined as a word which imitates the natural

sounds of a thing. It creates a sound effect that
mimics the thing described, making the description
more expressive and interesting.
• The buzzing bee flew away.
• The sack fell into the river with a splash.
• The books fell on the table with a loud thump.
• The rustling leaves kept me awake.

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 HYPERBOLE
• It is a figure of speech that uses extreme exaggeration to
make a point or show emphasis. Hyperboles are not
comparisons, like similes and metaphors, but extravagant
and even ridiculous overstatements. Authors use
hyperbole to evoke strong feelings or emphasize a point.
Hyperbole can be used to overstate any type of situation
or emotion, and can be used humorously or seriously.
• Eg The suitcase weighed a ton.
• I’m so angry, I could kill him!
• If he doesn’t call by tonight, I will absolutely die.
• She’s as skinny as a toothpick. 25
 OXYMORON
• An "oxymoron" is a figure of speech that has two contradictory
or opposite words appearing side by side. So, basically, it's a
combination of two words that really have opposite meanings
• Eg.
• Alone together.
• Amazingly awful.
• Bittersweet.
• Clearly confused.
• Dark light.
• Deafening silence.
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 PARADOX
• A paradox is a statement that contradicts itself, or
that must be both true and untrue at the same
time.
• I must be cruel only to be kind (Hamlet)
• Nobody goes to that restaurant; it's too crowded.
• Truth is honey, which is bitter.
• Don't go near the water 'til you have learned how to
swim.

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 Epithet
• An epithet is a literary device that describes a
person, place, or object by accompanying or
replacing it with a descriptive word or phrase. It
describes a person's attributes or qualities.
• Eg. Alexander the Great, “the Great” is an epithet
• Sacin Tendulkar, ‘the master blaster’.
• When Shakespeare refers to Romeo and Juliet as
"star-crossed lovers," for example, that's
an epithet because their crazy-intense romance is
one of their most defining qualities. 32
 Transferred Epithet
• A transferred epithet is when
an epithet is transferred from the thing it actually
describes to something else in the sentence. This is
almost always an adjective being transferred from
one noun to another.
• Eg. "I had a wonderful day." The day is not in itself
wonderful. The speaker had a wonderful day.
• Similarly "sleepless night,“ "suicidal sky."

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 IRONY
• Irony is a situation in which what is said is just
opposite in meaning. Types :
• Verbal irony occurs when a speaker's intention is
the opposite of what he or she is saying.
For example, a character stepping out into a
hurricane and saying, “What nice weather we're
having!”

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 IRONY
• Dramatic Irony
• When the reader knows the truth about the
character whereas the character himself is unaware
of.
• Eg. In The Tiger King the readers know that the king
has killed 99 tigers whereas he is of the opinion that
he has killed 100.

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 IRONY
• Situational Irony
• Irony involving a situation in which actions have an
effect that is opposite from what was expected.
• Eg.
• A marriage counselor files for divorce. ...
• The police station gets robbed. ...
• A post on Facebook complaining how useless
Facebook is. .
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 ANAPHORA
• It is the deliberate repetition of the first
part of the sentence in order to achieve
an artistic effect. It is used by orators and
writers to emphasize their message or to
make their words memorable.

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 PUN
• A Pun is a joke that makes a play on words.It makes
use of words that have more than one meaning, or
words that sound similar but have different
meanings, to humorous effect.
• She had a photographic memory but never
developed it.
• Always trust a glue salesman. They tend to stick to
their word.

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