Unit 7

Annex VI Prevention of Air Pollution

from Ships
(entered into force 19 May 2005)
7.1 Definitions, for the purposes of Annex VI continuous feeding,
emission control area (ECA), new installations, Nitrogen Oxide (NOx)
technical code, ozone-depleting substances, sludge oil, shipboard
incineration, particular matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

• a) Continuous feeding:
• It is defined as the process whereby waste is fed into a
combustion chamber without human assistance while the
incinerator is in normal operating conditions with the
combustion chamber operative temperature between 850°C
and 1200°C.
• b) Emission Control Area (ECA):
• Emission control area means an area where the adoption of
special mandatory measures for emissions from ships is
required to prevent, reduce and control air pollution from Nox
or Sox and particular matter or all three types of emissions
and their attendant adverse impacts on human health and the
environment.
Definitions ..contd
• c) New Installations: In relation to Ozone
depleting substance means the installation of
systems, equipment, including new portable fire
extinguishing units, insulation, or other material on
a ship after the date on which this Annex enters
into force, but excludes repair or recharge of
previously installed systems, equipment, insulation,
or other material, or recharge of portable fire-
extinguishing units.
• d) Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) technical code:
means the Technical Code on Control of Emission of
Nitrogen Oxides from Marine Diesel Engines
adopted by resolution 2 of 1997 MARPOL
Definitions …contd
• f) Sludge oil: means sludge from the fuel or
lubricating oil separators, waste lubricating oil from
main or auxiliary machinery, or waste oil from bilge
water separators, oil filtering equipment or drip trays.
• g) Shipboard incineration: means the incineration of
wastes or other matter on board a ship, if such wastes
or other matter were generated during the normal
operation of that ship.
• h) Particulate matter (PM): Particulate matter (PM)
is not a single pollutant, but rather is a mixture of
many chemical species. It is a complex mixture of
solids and aerosols composed of small droplets of
liquid, dry solid fragments, and solid cores with liquid
coatings.
7.2 Describe the provision for the issuance of
International Air Pollution Prevention certificate,
duration of validity of the certificate.
• An International Air Pollution Prevention
Certificate shall be issued, after an
initial or renewal survey.
• (a) any ship of 400 gross tonnage and
above engaged in voyages to ports or
offshore terminals under the jurisdiction
of other Parties; and
• (b) platforms and drilling rigs
engaged in voyages to waters under the
 7.2 …contd
• (2) Ships constructed before the date of
entry into force of the Protocol of 1997
shall be issued with an International Air
Pollution Prevention Certificate in
accordance with paragraph (1) of this
regulation no later than the first scheduled
dry docking after entry into force of the
Protocol of 1997, but in no case later than
three years after entry into force of the
Protocol of 1997.
• Such certificate shall be issued or endorsed
either by the Administration or by any
7.3 Describe the regulation regarding NOx in
regulation 13 of Annex VI
• (1) (a) This regulation shall apply to:
• (i) each diesel engine with a power output
of more than 130 kW which is installed on a
ship constructed on or after 1 January
2000; and
• (ii) each diesel engine with a power output
of more than 130 kW which undergoes a
major conversion on or after 1 January
2000.
• (b) This regulation does not apply to:
• (i) emergency diesel engines, engines
7.3 … contd
• (ii) engines installed on ships solely engaged in
voyages within waters subject to the sovereignty or
jurisdiction of the State the flag of which the ship is
entitled to fly, provided that such engines are
subject to an alternative NOx control measure
established by the Administration.
• (2) (a) For the purpose of this regulation, major
conversion means a modification of an engine
where:
• (i) the engine is replaced by a new engine
built on or after 1 January 2000, or
• (ii) any substantial modification, as defined in the
7.3 …. contd
• (b) The NOx emission resulting from modifications
referred to in the sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph
shall be documented in accordance with the NOx
Technical Code for approval by the Administration.
• (3) (a) Subject to the provision of regulation 3(General
Exceptions) of this Annex, the operation of each diesel
engine to which this regulation applies is prohibited,
except when the emission of nitrogen oxides
(calculated as the total weighted emission of NO2)
from the engine is within the following limits:
• (i) 17.0 g/kW·h when n is less than 130 rpm
• (ii) 45.0 x n-0.2 g/kW·h when n is 130 or more but
less than 2000 rpm
 7.3 .. contd
• (iii) 9.8 g/kW·h when n is 2000 rpm or more
• where n = rated engine speed (crankshaft
revolutions per minute).
• When using fuel composed of blends from
hydrocarbons derived from petroleum
refining, test procedure and measurement
methods shall be in accordance with the
NOx Technical Code, taking into
consideration the test cycles and weighting
factors outlined in appendix II to this
Annex.
 7.3 .. contd
• (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-
paragraph (a) of this paragraph, the
operation of a diesel engine is permitted
when:
• (i) an exhaust gas cleaning system,
approved by the Administration in
accordance with the NOx Technical Code, is
applied to the engine to reduce onboard
NOx emissions at least to the limits
specified in sub-paragraph (a), or
• (ii) any other equivalent method,
7.4 Describe the requirement for SOx
emission control area (SECA)
• Requirements within SOx emission control areas
• (1) For the purpose of this regulation, SOx emission
control areas shall include:
• (a) the Baltic Sea area, the North Sea area and The
united states Caribbean sea area
• (b) any other sea area, including port areas,
designated by the Organization in accordance with
criteria and procedures for designation of SOx
emission control areas with respect to the prevention
of air pollution from ships contained in appendix III to
this Annex.
• (2) While ships are within SOx emission control
requirement for SOx emission control area (SECA) …
contd
• (b) an exhaust gas cleaning system, approved
by the Administration is applied to reduce the
total emission of sulphur oxides from ships,
including both auxiliary and main propulsion
engines, to 6.0 g SOx/kW·h or less calculated
as the total weight of sulphur dioxide
emission.
• (c) Waste streams from the use of such
equipment shall not be discharged into
enclosed ports, harbours and estuaries unless
it can be thoroughly documented by the ship
requirement for SOx emission control area
(SECA) … contd
• (d) any other technological method that is
verifiable and enforceable to limit SOx
emissions to a level equivalent to that
described in sub-paragraph (b) is applied.
These methods shall be approved by the
Administration taking into account
guidelines to be developed by the
Organization.
• (3) (i) The sulphur content of any fuel oil
used on board ships shall not exceed 1.0%
m/m. shall be documented by the supplier.
 requirement for SOx emission control area (SECA)
… contd
• (4) (i) Those ships using separate fuel oils to
comply with paragraph (2)(a) of this regulation
shall allow sufficient time for the fuel oil service
system to be fully flushed of all fuels exceeding
1.0% m/m sulphur content prior to entry into a
SOx emission control area.
• (ii) The volume of low-sulphur fuel oils (less
than or equal to 1.0% sulphur content) in each
tank as well as the date, time, and position of
the ship when any fuel-changeover operation is
completed, shall be recorded in such log-book
as prescribed by the Administration.
 7.5 Describe the requirement for fuel oil quality
in regulation 18 (Fuel Oil Quality) of Annex VI.
• (1) Fuel oil for combustion purposes
delivered to and used on board ships to
which this Annex applies shall meet the
following requirements:
• (a) except as provided in sub-paragraph (b):
• (i) the fuel oil shall be blends of hydrocarbons
derived from petroleum refining. This shall not
preclude the incorporation of small amounts of
additives intended to improve some aspects of
performance;
• (ii) the fuel oil shall be free from inorganic acid;
 7.5 Describe the requirement for fuel oil quality
in regulation 18 (Fuel Oil Quality) of Annex VI…
contd
• (iii)the fuel oil shall not include any added
substance or chemical waste which either:
• (1) jeopardizes the safety of ships or
adversely affects the performance of the
machinery, or
• (2) is harmful to personnel, or
• (3) contributes overall to additional air
pollution; and
• (b) fuel oil for combustion purposes
 7.5 Describe the requirement for
fuel oil quality in regulation 18 (Fuel
Oil Quality) of Annex VI…contd
• (ii) (a) 17.0 g/kW·h when n is less than 130
rpm
• (b) 45.0 x n-0.2 g/kW·h when n is 130 or
more but less than 2000 rpm
• (c) 9.8 g/kW·h when n is 2000 rpm or
more
• (iii) contain inorganic acid; and
• (iv) (1) jeopardize the safety of ships or
adversely affect the performance
7.6 List the special areas for the purposes of Annex VI

• (a)the Baltic Sea area, the North Sea

area and The united states Caribbean sea
area
• (b)any other sea area, including port
areas, designated by the Organization in
accordance with criteria and procedures
for designation of SOx emission control
areas with respect to the prevention of
air pollution from ships contained in
appendix III to this Annex.
7.7 Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Management Plan-
• a) Explain Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)
• In the maritime industry, VOCs are mainly
generated in oil and chemical tankers, which are
involved in loading, transporting and unloading
organic chemical substances through ports.
• Volatile Organic Compounds are generated when
cargo splashes in the piping system of the ships
from the source to the cargo tanks, and from
evaporation from the surface of oil or chemicals
stored in oil cargo tanks during and after loading.
• VOCs are generated by a build-up of positive
pressure, through vaporization, evaporation and
7.7 b) Explain that VOC emissions from
ships can be due to incomplete combustion
processes and include crankcase, exhaust
and evaporation emissions
1)Every engine work efficiently i.e. all
particles of fuel oil will be burned when
the proportion air & fuel is appropriate.
If this proportion is inappropriate then
there exist unburned particle in the
exhaust and these unburned particles
contribute to VOC.
2)In the crankcase, lube oil is heated to
certain extent and it also contains
7.7 b) Explain that VOC emissions from ships can be due to
incomplete combustion processes and include crankcase,
exhaust and evaporation emissions ….. contd

• 3. On tanker vessel cargo itself generates

vapors of hydrocarbon and also during
crude oil washing vapors of hydrocarbons
are generated. These hydrocarbons are
release to atmosphere through PV valve
which is lifted when pressure in the
system is excess.
• 4. On Chemical tankers the vessel emits
hazardous vapor through system even
7.8 SEEMP issue or endorsement of a certificate,
Ships Energy Efficiency Management Plan(SEEMP)
• 1. Every ship of 400 GT and above & every fixed
and floating drilling rig or other platform shall be
issued IAPP cert after initial survey. Subsequently
annual & intermediate survey will be carried out
and endorsement will be carried out on
(International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate)
IAPP certificate.
• 2. In addition to above these vessels will also be
subjected to survey for the issuance of IEEC
(International Energy Efficiency Certificate). During
this survey, it will also verify ship have attained
Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI - as per NOx
 SEEMP Plan
• The Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan
(SEEMP) is an operational measure that
establishes a mechanism to improve the
energy efficiency of a ship in a cost-effective
manner. The SEEMP also provides an
approach for shipping companies to manage
ship and fleet efficiency performance over
time using, for example, the Energy
Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI) as a
monitoring tool.
• Annex VI on Regulations on energy efficiency
 SEEMP Plan
• For existing ships, the verification of the
requirement to have a SEEMP on board according
to regulation 22 shall take place at the first
intermediate or renewal survey identified in
paragraph 1 of this regulation, whichever is the
first, on or after 1 Jan 2013, and this shall be done
prior to collecting date under regulation 22A of
this Annex in order to ensure the methodology and
processes are in place prior to the beginning of the
ship’s first reporting period. Confirmation of
compliance shall be provided to and retained on
board the ship.
• Administration, cause a ship to be surveyed and, if
7.9 Describe EEDI. (Energy Efficiency Design Index)

• The EEDI for new ships is the most

important technical measure and it aims at
promoting the use of more energy efficient
(less polluting) equipment and engines.
The EEDI requires a minimum energy
efficiency level per capacity mile (e.g.
tonne mile) for different ship type and size
segments.
• The EEDI provides a specific figure for an
individual ship design, expressed in grams
of carbon dioxide (CO2) per ship’s capacity-
 7.10 Information to be included in the bunker
delivery note (BDN).
• a) Name and IMO number of receiving ship
• b) Port
• c) Date of commencement of delivery
• d) Name, address, and telephone number of marine
fuel oil supplier
• e) Product name(s)
• f) Quantity (metric tons)
• g) Density at 15°C (kg/m3)*
• h) Sulphur content (% m/m)†
• i) A declaration signed and certified by the fuel oil
supplier's representative that the fuel oil supplied is in