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PHYSICAL
EDUCATION What is Physical Education? PHYSICAL EDUCATION
• According to Andin 1988 he defined PE as an integral part of educational
program design to promote an optimum development of an individual physically, mentally, socially, and emotionally through total body movement in the performance of properly selected physical activities. • Physical Education is an integral part of the education program which aims to promoteoptimum development of an individual physically, mentally, socially and emotionally in theperformance of properly selected physical activities GOALS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION 1. Major Goal of Physical Education – FITNESS is the ability to live a healthy, satisfying, anduseful life. 2. Ultimate Goal of Physical Education – “GOOD LIFE” means that an individual satisfies hisbasic needs as physical well-being, love, attention, security and self-respect.
FUNCTIONS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
1. Biologic Functions - the enhancement of the individual's growth and development throughbody movements. 2. Integrative Functions - personality integration achieved through participation in properlyselected physical education activities. 3. Social Functions - the transmitting of values and standards that are considered consistentwith the needs and ideals of society LEGAL BASES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
• “The state shall promote physical education and
encourage sports programs, leaguecompetitions and amateur sports, including training for international competitions to foster self-discipline, teamwork and excellence for the development of a healthy and alert citizenry. Alleducational institutions shall undertake regular sports activities throughout the country incooperation with athletic clubs and other sectors.” ARTICLE 1 SEC. 1. RATIONALE AND BACKGROUND • Physical education as an academic discipline and as a profession plays an important role inhuman development and continue to expand as a fast rate. By their very nature, physical education and sports are about participation, inclusion and a sense of belonging, they bring individuals and communities together, highlighting commonalities and bridging cultural andethnic divides.
• Physical education and sports provide an opportunity to learn skills, discipline,confidence and leadership and they convey core principles that are important in a democracy,such as tolerance, cooperation and respect.
• It teaches the fundamental value of effort and howto manage essential steps in life such as victory or defeat.
• For the individual, sports enhance one’s personal abilities, general health and self--knowledge.
• On the national level, physical education and sports contribute to economic and social growth, improve public health, and bringdifferent communities together. On the global level, if used consistently, physical education andsports can have a long-lasting positive impact on development, public health, peace and the environment. ARTICLE 1 SEC. 1. RATIONALE AND BACKGROUND • Physical education is a life- long process. Every college student must continue his/herparticipation in a developmental program of physical activities that are healthful, intellectuallyinvigorating, morally uplifting, socially significant, culturally enhancing and environmentally oriented. • Physical Education as an academic discipline is directed towards understanding people, withparticular reference on the ability to move, the ways on how to utilize this ability, and the ways towhich this ability is related to other aspects of functioning as a whole person. • Thus, movementas a dynamic function of man is the area of central concern that gives physical education itsunique identity as an academic discipline THE GENERAL OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION ARE AS FOLLOWS:
• 1. To develop the movement potentials of each individual to an optimum level.
• 2. To develop a basic understanding and appreciation of human movement. • 3. To develop and maintain the optimal physical fitness and functionality of the individual. • 4. To develop skills, knowledge and attitudes basic to voluntary participation in satisfying,enjoyable physical activity experience. • 5. To develop personally rewarding and socially acceptable behaviors through participation invaried movement activities for a lifetime THE GENERAL OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION ARE AS FOLLOWS: • In the 1971 Physical Education Public Information (PEPI) project of the AmericanAssociation for Health, Physical Education, policy makers and funding agencies about thegoals and values of Physical Education, PEPI defined a “physically educated “person aspossessing knowledge and skill concerning his or her body and how it functions. Thesignificance of the contribution of physical education in the lives of students both youths andadults are highlighted as follows: • ▪Physical Education is insurance. • ▪Physical Education contributes to academic achievement • ▪Physical Education provides skills and experiences that can last a lifetime. • ▪Physical Education helps in developing a positive self- image and ability to compete andcooperate with others THE GENERAL OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION ARE AS FOLLOWS: • In addition, Article 1 of the International Charter of Physical Education and Sports, UNESCO,Paris, 1978 and Recommendation 1, Interdisciplinary Regional Meeting of Experts onPhysical Education, UNESCO, Brisbane, Australia, 1982, states that: “The practice of Physical Education and Sports is a fundamental right for all.” “And this right should not be treated as different in principle from the right to adequate food,shelter and medical care.” • In modern parlance, Physical Education is education through “movement”. Wunderlich (1976)says of movement: ▪It provides sensory data. ▪It broadens the perceptive horizon. ▪It stimulates the function and structure of bodily organs. ▪It is the means by which an individual learns about himself in relation to his OBJECTIVES OF PE:
• PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT • MENTAL DEVELOPMENT • EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT • SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT • through the carefully selected physical education activities, anindividual who participates actively will develop and maintain good health and a high level ofphysical fitness. The acquisition of physical skills can motivate an individual to participatefurther in physical activities; hence, his growth and development will be enhanced. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT • participation in the physical education activities provides opportunitiesfor the development of desirable social traits needed for adjustment to the social life ingeneral. Some of the worthwhile traits are: friendliness, cooperation, respect for the rights of others, good sportsmanship, good leadership and followership, and honesty in groupcompetition. EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT • the informal nature of physical education activities offersopportunities for self-expression and emotional mastery. Examples of worthwhile emotionaltraits are: self-confidence, self-control, self- reliance, courage and determination. MENTAL DEVELOPMENT • through participation in Physical Education activities, the individualdevelops his mental capacities as he learns the mechanical principle underlying movement,as he requires knowledge and understanding of rules and strategies of games and sports,and as he discovers ways of improving his movements in gymnastics and dance. BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
• Reduced risk for cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, certain cancers, and other chronic health conditions • Help with weight control • Reduce Aging • Strengthens bones and muscles • Improves mental health, mood, and energy level • Better quality life PHYSICAL FITNESS
• According to Andin (1988), Physical Fitness is the
ability to perform one’s tasks efficiently without undue fatigue but with extra reserve in case of emergency. COMPONENTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS
Health Related Physical Fitness
• involves skills that enable one to become and stay physically healthy. Skills Related Physical Fitness • involves skills that will enhance one’s performance in athletic or sports events. HEALTH RELATED PHYSICAL FITNESS
• Body Composition- relates to the relative amounts of muscle, fat, bone and other vital parts of the body. • BMI= kg/ m2 • Cardio Respiratory Endurance- ability of the circulatory and respiratory systems to supply fuel during sustained physical activity and to eliminate fatigue products after supplying fuel. • Muscular Endurance- ability of muscle groups to exert external force for many repetition or successive exertions. • Muscular Strength- relates to the amount of relate external force that a muscle can exert. • Flexibility- relates to the range of motion available at a joint. SKILLS- RELATED PHYSICAL FITNESS
• Agility- ability to rapidly change the position of the entire body in space with speed and accuracy. • Balance- relates to the maintenance of equilibrium while stationary or moving. • Coordination- ability to use the senses together with body parts in performing motor tasks smoothly and accurately. • Power- is the ability to move the body parts swiftly while applying the maximum force of the muscles. Power is a combination of both speed and muscular strength. • Reaction Time- relates to the time elapsed between stimulation and the beginning of the reaction. • Speed- relates to perform a movement within a short period of time. LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Answer the following questions: Give example to claim you answers.
1. How will you attain the goals of P.E.? 2. How does PE develop the four aspects of your being? 3. How will you apply PE in your field of specialization? 4. What are the physical activities at home? 5. How do these physical activities affect the different aspects of your life REFERENCE
• Department of Kinesiology Kansas State University Natatorium 8 920 Denison Ave. Manhattan, KS 66506
