Puccinia

Kingdom- Fungi
Division- Eumycota
Sub division- Basidiomycotina
Class- Teliomycetes
Order- Uredinales
Family- Pucciniaceae
Genus- Puccinia
INTRODUCTION:
 The genus includes about 3000
species. Of these 147 has been
reported from India.
 It causes a rust disease - black
stem rust of Wheat.

 Puccinia graminis is an
obligate parasite (strict).
 It is a heterocious parasite (2
hosts).
 It’s life cycle on Wheat andon
Barberry.
 Wheat is a primary host.
 Barberry is a secondary
or alternate host.
5 different spores and spore bearing structures
in Puccinia
 Uredia bearing uredospores.
 Telia bearing teleutospores.
 Basidia bearing basidiospores
 Spermogonia bearing spermatia and
receptive hyphae.
 Aecia/Aecidia bearing
aeciospores/aecidiospores.
(i) Uredospores (n+n)
(ii)Teleutospores (n+n)&(2n)
(iii) Basidio spores
(n)
n-haploid
2n-diploid
(n+n)= dikaryotic
phase/dikaryon
 Each cell contains a
pair of nuclei (n + n)
constituting a
dikaryon (di=two,
karyon=nucleus).
Puccinia Life Cycle
Stage I: Aecia
bearing
aeciospores (n+n)
Aecial Stage/Aecidial stage
.
The dikaryotic cells in mycelium form
a group
below at the lower epidermis

of barberry leaf
3. These binucleated cells

divide
transversely and form chain of cells
Each cell divide to form larger and
smaller cell
5. Larger cell is transformed in to
Aeciospore/ Aecidiospore.
6. Some cells are transformed to form a
wall called
peridium.
Dispersal of aeciospore
When spore matures, the wall of the peridium ruptures and cup shaped structure called as
aecium and aeciospore are released.
Each spore is unicellular , binucleated and generally rounded in shape.
They are dispersed by wind.

Aecidial cup and aecidial spore
•Puccinia- Aeciospores infect
primary host.
Aeciospores produced on alternate host
(e.g.,Barberry) infect primary host (e.g.,
grasses)
 Aeciospores-
round, yellowish
red, Unicellular,
binu cleate,
thick walled, 6
germ pores.
 Germinate
on wheat
plant.
Aecidiosporangium
Aeciospores
Aeciospores germinate on wheat leaf and
produces a dikar yotic mycelium.
The hyphae of the dikaryotic

mycelium - aggregate near the
surface of the infected organ to
form a hyphal mass known as
Uredia.
 I n The tip ofeach
U r e d i a ,
hyphae swells to form a single

binucleate oval uredospore.
 They exert pressure on the
epidermis, finally ruptured in
form of slits through which
rusty coloured Uredospores are
released.
Uredinal stage-uredospores
1. They are one celled, bi nucleated ,
globose, and thick walled

spores.
It has 2 wall layers;

Outer exine and inner
intine.
Exine is
spiny/ornamented.
Intine is smooth
Uredospore
Mycelium
Puccinia
Uredia
Puccinia Uredia
Uredospore
are
stalked,
unicellular
oval,
binucleate
structures,
rusty red in
Dispersal and germination of
uredospores
• Germinate on wheat leaf/stem and Germ tube
Enters through stomata of wheat leaf/stem
•It causes secondary infection on wheat plant.
Telial Stage:
 Late in growin season,
Ure dospores g metamorphoses
into Telutospores in the
same Uredosori.
 Uredosori is later known as
Telutosori.
 Teleutospores are dark brown
or black incolour.
Teleutospores
In late season,
1.uredosori change their
colour and
converted into black
colour.
2. These are due to the
formation of teleutospore
3. They are two celled and
thick walled,
oval and binucleated
4.
5. They are dispersed by wind and

do not
immediately cause disease but can withstand for unfavourable
condition and survive for long
Stage III: Telia
teliospores (n+n>2n)
bearing
Puccinia Teluto
sporangium
Telutospores
Telutospores
Dark brown or
black in
colour.
stalked, two
celled, spindle
shaped.
The wall is thick,
black and
PuccPucciniiniaa
teetu
lultoot
sporsporeess
•Each cell has two nuclei (one plus strain
and the other of minus strain).
•teleutospore is the final stage on primary
host.
•Telutospore matures, the nuclei in each cell fuse
Germination of Teleuto spore
 On Soil
 Favourable condition-
Proper Temperature,
Moisture
 Germination of Teluto spore-
germination tube - Epibasidium
Germination
of
Teliospore
Germination tube
Germinated Teluto spore and formation
of Basidium & Basidio spores
Basidio spore
Sterigmata (+) Or (-)
Epibasidium
Hypobasidium Basidium
Basidiospores
(+ and -)
Basidiospores
germinate on
upper epidermis of
Barberry leaf and
produce
Pycniosporangium
Basidial stage
1. Upon germination of
teleutospore, each germ tube
form a probasidium or
epibasidium.
2. Both nuclei fuse to form a
dikaron and
after meiosis produces 4
haploid nuclei
3. After this the content move
into and
formation of septum take place
4. Epibasidium produces lateral Sterigmata
and each form basidiospore

5. These are disperse by wind
Life cycle on barberry plant
Germination of basidiospore
1. They are not able to infect wheat plant but they cause infection to
another host called barberry plant
2. Upon lodging on barberry plant, these basidiospores form short
germ tube and enters host epidermis .
3. The hyphae ramify ( branches) and
become intercellular
4. Nutrition is obtained by haustoria formation
Pynidial stage
• After about four days of the infection
• dense mats form beneath the upper epidermis
• Hyphae produced through germination of
basidiospore is monokaryotic and it forms small
knots
• below the upper epidermis
• These are then transformed into flask shaped pynidia or spermagonium
• The opening of spermagonium/pycnidia is called ostiole
• Numerous uninucleated spores are produced in these spermagonium namely
spermatia
• There are also paraphysis that come out and act as receptive hyphae
• The spermatia come out through ostiole with mucilage liquid and are dispersed by
insects
Infection of Puccinia on Barberry
leaf Lower and Upper
sides
Puccinia Pycnium on Upper
epidermis
Receptive hyphae and Spermatia
Spermatia Receptive hyphae
Dikaryotization
Spermatium get attached with receptive

hyphae of opposite strain and its nucleus
enters , after fusion it become dikaryotic
Sta ges of
Puccinia on
Barber r y leaf
 Pycniospore/spermatium
stage: On upper epidermis
 Aecidiospore stage: On lower
epidermis
Develop-
ment of
Aecidiosp
orangium
Puccinia-
Polymorphic fungi
 Polymorphism: Various types of
spores produced during life
cycle
PPucucinciacliifen
Life Cycle
ciyacle

Puccinia

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Kingdom- Fungi

stem rust of Wheat.

below at the lower epidermis

3. These binucleated cells

aecium and aeciospore are released.

Each spore is unicellular , binucleated and generally rounded in shape.

They are dispersed by wind.

produces a dikar yotic mycelium.

The hyphae of the dikaryotic

hyphae swells to form a single

globose, and thick walled

It has 2 wall layers;

5. They are dispersed by wind and

formation of septum take place

4. Epibasidium produces lateral Sterigmata

and each form basidiospore

Spermatium get attached with receptive

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