Presentación Semantics

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Semantics:

Making Meaning with


Words
student: Cori paredes
teacher: mary macedo
find the
difference
Jhon saw the men from a restaurant.

Meet me a the bank


introduction
semantic is the study of
meaning in language
Semantic
semantic field also knownfield
as a lexical field is a
group of words that are related in meaning

YELLOW

RED BLUE
colour

PINK
Lexical
Semantics
Antonymy
Synonymy
Hyponymy
Polysemy
Homonymy
Synonym
y but similar in
• Words that are different in form
meaning
• The semantic relation that expresses the same
meaning
EXAMPLE:
• Beautiful: Attractive
• Create: Make
• See : Visualize
• True: Correct
• False :Wrong.
Antony
my
An antonym is a word having a meaning
opposite to that of another word.

EXAMPLE:
• Hot /Cold
• Short /Tall
• Black/White
• Smart/Stupid
• smart/stupid.
Polysemy
Words that have two or more related
meanings

EXAMPLE:
• Get: Receive/ reach/ understand
• Fix/ Attach/ repair
• Lip/ lip of the cliff or the lip of a cup
Hyponym
y
word whose meaning is included, or entailed,
in the meaning of a more general word

EXAMPLE:
• Apple/Tree
• Tennis/Sport
• Dog/Animal
• Green/ color.
Homonym
y
Words that sound the same but have
different (unrelated) meanings

Homonyms Homophones Homographs


words that have the
sound the same, sound the same,
same spelling, different
same spelling different spelling
meanings, and different
Example: Example:
pronunciations
(saw/saw) by / buy
Example:
bear
ring
Lexical ambiguity refers to
Many Meanings: situations where a word or phrase
has multiple meanings or
Lexical interpretations.
Ambiguity
Example:
• She met a guerilla
Meaning
NARROWING AMELIORATION
Change in words’ meanings
Change:
words’ meanings over
over time to more specific
meaning
Semantic Shift time from neutral or
The term semantic
negative to positive
Example: Meat:
Example:
• Any kind of food. change refers to how • Sick
• Flesh of animals used as food. the meaning of
words changes over
.
time. PEJORATION
BROADENING words’ meanings over
change in words’ meanings
time from neutral or
over time to more general or
positive to negative
inclusive
Example:
Example: • Silly
• Cool • Attitude
• Business
let’s practice!
select the words with their antonymy

• Fast
• Modern
• Big
• Reject
• Light
• Slow
• Above
• small
• Accept
• Below
• Ancient
• Dark
let’s practice!
write words related to the central word

EDUCATI ENVIROM
ON ENT
reference
s
• American heritage dictionary of the English language, 4th edn. 2000. Boston:
Houghton Mifflin
• Hurford, J. & B. Heasley. 2007. Semantics: A coursebook, 2nd edn. Cambridge,
UK: Cambridge University Press.
• Cruse, D. 1986. Lexical semantics. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
• Kristin-Denham-Anne-Lobeck-Linguistics-for-Everyone_-An-Introduction-
2012-Cengage-Learning-libgen.
conclusio
To conclude we can say that Semantics is the
n
study of meaning in language, exploring how
words and sentences convey meaning. It involves
understanding how meanings are constructed,
interpreted, and evolve over time.
thank
you!

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