3 Nebulization

Nebulization/
aerosol therapy
Nebulization/ aerosol therapy
Outline
 Introduction
 Definition
 Indications
 Contra indications
 Types of Nebulization
 Equipment of Nebulization
 Procedure
 Midwife/Nursing role
Session objectives
At the end of this session each student will be able to:
 Define Nebulization therapy
 Identify the indications and contra indication
 Understand the goals of the therapy
 Identify different type of Nebulization
 Demonstrate the skills applied in Nebulization
therapy
 Understand the Nursing role in Nebulization therapy
Introduction
 A nebulizer is an electric machine powered

by an outlet and plug or batteries.
 It turns liquid medication into a fine mist
that is inhaled into the patient’s lungs by a
mouthpiece of a facemask and helps the
patient breathe better
 Liquefy and remove retained secretions
Introduction
 Aerosol drug is the administration of a drug via air particles
delivered by an appropriate device that is inhaled and
absorbed into the patient's body via the lungs.
 Most aerosol medication have bronchodilating effects and are
administered by respiratory therapy .
 The medication is broken down into a very fine mist so that it
can be easily and effectively inhaled
 Are used to deliver ordinary water solutions to the respiratory
tract or to administer drugs to lungs, throat or nose
Nebulization
 Definition
Nebulization is the process of medication

administration via inhalation.
 It utilizes a nebulizer which transports
medications to the lungs by inhalation.
Goals
 It permits the hydration of bronchial tree
 It allows the delivery of medication, humidify the
mucosa of the respiratory tract and pulmonary alveoli
 To relieve inflammation , congestion of upper
respiratory mucous membranes and paranasal sinuses
 To reduce throat irritation by moistening air.
 To calm spasmodic breathing (Asthma, Croup).
Goals cont’d
 To soften thick mucus and stimulates
discharge of mucous (secretions) from the throat
and lungs acting as a natural expectorant.

 To relaxes muscles and relieves coughing
 To keep mucous membranes from excessive
drying.
 To provide antiseptic action on the respiratory
Indications
Nebulization therapy is used to deliver

medications along the respiratory tract
and is indicated to various respiratory
problems and diseases such as:
 Chest tightness
 Excessive and thick mucus secretions
 Respiratory congestions
Indication cont’d
 Pneumonia , Bronchitis
 asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary

disorder, or respiratory infection
 To relieve respiratory insufficiency due to
bronchospasm
 To correct the underlying respiratory
disorders responsible for bronchospasm
Indication cont’d
 Upper airway edema (post extubation edema)

 Laryngotracheobronchitis
 Postoperative management of the upper airway
with shortness of breath, coughing
 Need for sputum specimen or mobilization of
secretions
 Severe allergic reactions
Contraindications
• Patients with unstable and increased blood

pressure
• Individuals with cardiac irritability (may result to
dysrhythmias)
• Tachycardia
• Unconscious patients (inhalation may be done
via mask but the therapeutic effect may be
significantly low)
Equipments
 Dr.’s order card, client’s chart and kardex
 Ultrasonic nebulizer (1)
 Connecting tube
 Sterile water
 Mouthpiece or oxygen mask (1)
 Prescribed medication
 Sputum mug (1)
 Tissue paper
 Water, lip creamas required
Medication used in nebulization
 Short acting beta -2 agonists: those include

bronchodilators like albuterol sulfate and levalbuterol
hydrochloride.
 Short acting beta-2 agonists are class of quick relief drugs
used to treat asthma and other respiratory diseases.
 They act by relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways
within a relatively short period of time.
Medication used in nebulization cont’d
Long acting beta-2agonists:

beta -2 agonists are long-lasting medications.
They include:
 formoterol tartrate
 formiterol fumarate
 other bronchodilators
 Combination nebulizer drugs:

 These involve the combination of bronchodilators used
to prevent and treat bronchospasms.
 They are combined, premeasured and premixed in a
single vial.
 Corticosteroids: for example,

budesonide prevent wheezing and
shortness of breath.
 Anti-allergic agents
How does the aerosol mist enter the lungs?
 As the client inhales,

 the aerosol passes from the mouth and nose through
the windpipe (trachea) into a system of airways
(bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli).
 The medication relaxes the breathing tube so that they
become larger than normal size
How does the aerosol mist enter the lungs?
 This enlargement makes breathing easier

and coughing up secretions more
effective.
 Most aerosol treatments are taken 3 to 4
times a day depending on medical
prescription and last 5 to 10 minutes.
Steps of using nebulizer
1. Wash your hands.

Start by washing your hands for
20 seconds with soap under
running water. Rinse your hands
and dry them off with a paper
towel. Turn off the faucet using
a paper towel
Steps of using nebulizer cont’d
2. Place the medication into the

nebulizer. Unscrew the top of the
nebulizer cup and put the prescribed
medication into the nebulizer.
3. Attach the mouthpiece. Secure it

to the nebulizer cup. Although different
manufactures may have slightly
different jet nebulizers, most
mouthpieces will attach to the top of
the nebulizer cup. Most nebulizers
have mouth pieces instead of face
masks, since masks can lead to facial
deposits.
4. Connect the tubing. Attach

one end of the oxygen tubing to
the nebulizer cup. On most types
of nebulizers, the tubing will
connect on the bottom of the
cup. Connect the other end of
the tubing to an air compressor
used for nebulizers
cont’d
5.Turn on the air compressor and use
the nebulizer.
 Put the mouthpiece into the mouth,
above the tongue

 Tell the patient to keep lips sealed tightly
around it and Inhale slowly and deeply in
through the mouth so that all the
medicine goes into the lungs.

 Exhale either through the mouth or nose.
cont’d
 For adults, holding the nose closed can help ensure the
medicine is inhaled through the mouth.
 Consider using an aerosol mask as an alternative to a
mouthpiece for young children or people that are too ill
to hold the mouthpiece.
 Aerosol masks attach to the top of the nebulizer cup.
 The mask comes in pediatric and adult sizes.

cont’d
6. Continue to inhale the medication.

 Sit up and keep inhaling the medication
until the mist stops.

 Distract the patient by watching TV or
listening to music.
 Set up an activity to occupy young
children during the nebulizer treatment.

7.Turn off the nebulizer and cleanup.
 Be sure to unplug it from the outlet and detach the
medicine cup and mouthpiece from the tubing.
 Wash the medicine cup and mouthpiece with warm
soapy water and rinse them with water.
 Place the equipment on a clean towel to fully air dry.
 Make sure to do this after each treatment and daily.
 Don't wash the tubing. If it gets wet, replace the
tubing.
8.Disinfect the nebulizer once a

week.
 To disinfect, always follow the
manufacturer's guidelines.
 Soak all parts, except for the
tubing
 Discard the solution.
 Rinse the parts, except for the tubing, in cold
water and air dry them on a clean towel.
 After the parts are dry, store them in a clean
area
Procedure
•
1. Position the patient appropriately, allowing optimal
ventilation.
2. Assess and record breath sounds, respiratory status,
pulse rate and other significant respiratory functions.
3. Teach patient the proper way of inhalation:
*Slow inhalation through the mouth via the mouthpiece
*Short pause after the inspiration

Procedure cont’d
*Slow and complete exhalation

*Some resting breaths before another deep inhalation
4. Prepare equipments at hand
5. Check doctor’s orders for the medication, prepare
thereafter
6. Place the medication in the nebulizer while adding
the amount of saline solution ordered
7. Attach the nebulizer to the compressed gas source
Procedure cont’d
8. Attach the connecting tubes and mouthpiece to the
nebulizer
9. Turn the machine on (notice the mist produced by the
nebulizer)
10. Offer the nebulizer to the patient, offer assistance
until he is able to perform proper inhalation (if unable to
hold the nebulizer [pediatric/geriatric/special cases],
replace the mouthpiece with mask.
Complications
Possible effects and reactions after nebulization

therapy are as follows:
• Palpitations
• Tremors
• Tachycardia
• Headache
• Nausea
• Broncho-spasms (too much ventilation may result
Midwife/Nursing consideration
As nurses/Midwife,
 Teach the patient the proper position during therapy to
facilitate effective results and prevent complications
 Report outward symptoms immediately for apposite
intervention.
 Monitor the vital signs especially respiration, oxygen
saturation and blood pressure.
Midwife/Nursing consideration cont’d
• Alterations in body flexion are reflected in the body

temp, pulse, respirations and blood pressure.
• These data provide part of the baseline information
from which plan of care is developed.
• Any change from normal is considered to be an
indication of the person’s state of health.
Midwife/Nursing consideration
cont’d
 Teach the client how to use personnel

device.
 Avoid treatment immediately before and
after meals. To decrease the chance of
vomiting or appetite suppression
REFERENCES
1.Hess, D. (Ed.). (2021). Nebulizers and inhalers:

Advances in delivery science and technology. CRC
Press.
2.Dolovich, M., & Newman, S. (Eds.). (2019). Aerosols
in medicine: Principles, diagnosis and therapy (3rd ed.).
CRC Press
THANKS

3 Nebulization

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

3 Nebulization

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

3 Nebulization

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Nebulization/

 A nebulizer is an electric machine powered

Nebulization is the process of medication

 To soften thick mucus and stimulates

discharge of mucous (secretions) from the throat

and lungs acting as a natural expectorant.

Nebulization therapy is used to deliver

 asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary

 Upper airway edema (post extubation edema)

• Patients with unstable and increased blood

 Short acting beta -2 agonists: those include

Long acting beta-2agonists:

 Combination nebulizer drugs:

 Corticosteroids: for example,

 As the client inhales,

 This enlargement makes breathing easier

1. Wash your hands.

2. Place the medication into the

3. Attach the mouthpiece. Secure it

4. Connect the tubing. Attach

above the tongue

around it and Inhale slowly and deeply in

through the mouth so that all the

medicine goes into the lungs.

medicine is inhaled through the mouth.

 Consider using an aerosol mask as an alternative to a

mouthpiece for young children or people that are too ill

to hold the mouthpiece.

 Aerosol masks attach to the top of the nebulizer cup.

 The mask comes in pediatric and adult sizes.

6. Continue to inhale the medication.

until the mist stops.

children during the nebulizer treatment.

 Be sure to unplug it from the outlet and detach the

medicine cup and mouthpiece from the tubing.

 Wash the medicine cup and mouthpiece with warm

soapy water and rinse them with water.

 Place the equipment on a clean towel to fully air dry.

 Make sure to do this after each treatment and daily.

 Don't wash the tubing. If it gets wet, replace the

8.Disinfect the nebulizer once a

 Discard the solution.

 Rinse the parts, except for the tubing, in cold

water and air dry them on a clean towel.

 After the parts are dry, store them in a clean

2. Assess and record breath sounds, respiratory status,

pulse rate and other significant respiratory functions.

3. Teach patient the proper way of inhalation:

*Slow inhalation through the mouth via the mouthpiece

*Short pause after the inspiration

*Slow and complete exhalation

Possible effects and reactions after nebulization

• Alterations in body flexion are reflected in the body

 Teach the client how to use personnel

1.Hess, D. (Ed.). (2021). Nebulizers and inhalers:

You might also like