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    Cell Theory and Cell Organelles

    Uploaded by

    Jhaz Kiwas

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Cell Theory and Cell Organelles

    Uploaded by

    Jhaz Kiwas
    5 views28 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    5 views28 pages

    Cell Theory and Cell Organelles

    Uploaded by

    Jhaz Kiwas

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 28

    Introduction to

    Cell Theory and Cell Structure


    & Function

    http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html
    Cell Theory
    • All living things are made up of cells.
    • Cells are the smallest working units of all
    living things.
    • All cells come from preexisting cells
    through cell division.
    Definition of Cell

    A cell is the smallest unit that is


    capable of performing life
    functions.
    Examples of Cells
    Amoeba Proteus

    Plant Stem

    Bacteria

    Red Blood Cell

    Nerve Cell
    Two Types of Cells

    •Prokaryotic
    •Eukaryotic
    Prokaryotic
    • Do not have
    structures
    surrounded by
    membranes
    • Few internal
    structures
    • One-celled
    organisms,
    Bacteria

    http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html
    Eukaryotic
    • Contain organelles surrounded by membranes
    • Most living organisms
    Plant Animal

    http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html
    “Typical” Animal Cell

    http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif
    “Typical” Plant Cell

    http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif
    Cell Parts
    Organelles
    Surrounding the Cell
    Cell Membrane
    • Outer membrane of
    cell that controls
    movement in and out
    of the cell
    • Double layer

    http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
    Cell Wall
    • Most commonly found
    in plant cells &
    bacteria
    • Supports & protects
    cells

    http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
    Inside the Cell
    Nucleus

    • Directs cell activities


    • Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear
    membrane
    • Contains genetic material - DNA
    Nuclear Membrane
    • Surrounds nucleus
    • Made of two layers
    • Openings allow
    material to enter and
    leave nucleus

    http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
    Chromosomes
    • In nucleus
    • Made of DNA
    • Contain instructions
    for traits &
    characteristics

    http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
    Nucleolus
    • Inside nucleus
    • Contains RNA to build
    proteins

    http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
    Cytoplasm
    • Gel-like mixture
    • Surrounded by
    cell membrane
    • Contains
    hereditary
    material
    Endoplasmic Reticulum
    • Moves materials
    around in cell
    • Smooth type: lacks
    ribosomes
    • Rough type
    (pictured): ribosomes
    embedded in surface

    http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
    Ribosomes
    • Each cell contains
    thousands
    • Make proteins
    • Found on ribosomes
    & floating throughout
    the cell

    http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
    Mitochondria
    • Produces energy through
    chemical reactions –
    breaking down fats &
    carbohydrates
    • Controls level of water and
    other materials in cell
    • Recycles and decomposes
    proteins, fats, and
    carbohydrates

    http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
    Golgi Bodies
    • Protein 'packaging
    plant'
    • Move materials within
    the cell
    • Move materials out of
    the cell

    http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
    Lysosome
    • Digestive 'plant' for
    proteins, fats, and
    carbohydrates
    • Transports undigested
    material to cell
    membrane for removal
    • Cell breaks down if
    lysosome explodes

    http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
    Vacuoles
    • Membrane-bound
    sacs for storage,
    digestion, and waste
    removal
    • Contains water
    solution
    • Help plants maintain
    shape

    http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
    Chloroplast
    • Usually found in plant
    cells
    • Contains green
    chlorophyll
    • Where
    photosynthesis takes
    place

    http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
    Choose 5 cell organelles and make an
    analogy to a human body.

    Example:
    Nucleus controls the activities in the cell just
    like the brain of human which controls the
    activities in the human body.

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