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    Cell Theory, Parts and Functions

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    Sab Ibarreta
    The document summarizes the history and components of cells. It describes how Hooke, van Leuuwenhoek, Virchow, Pasteur, Brown, Schleiden, and Schwann contributed to the cell theory through their early observations of cells. It then provides examples of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and describes the key organelles found within typical animal and plant cells, including the cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and others.

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    Cell Theory, Parts and Functions

    Uploaded by

    Sab Ibarreta
    56 views30 pages
    The document summarizes the history and components of cells. It describes how Hooke, van Leuuwenhoek, Virchow, Pasteur, Brown, Schleiden, and Schwann contributed to the cell theory through their early observations of cells. It then provides examples of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and describes the key organelles found within typical animal and plant cells, including the cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and others.

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    History of Cell

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    The document summarizes the history and components of cells. It describes how Hooke, van Leuuwenhoek, Virchow, Pasteur, Brown, Schleiden, and Schwann contributed to the cell theory through their early observations of cells. It then provides examples of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and describes the key organelles found within typical animal and plant cells, including the cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and others.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    56 views30 pages

    Cell Theory, Parts and Functions

    Uploaded by

    Sab Ibarreta
    The document summarizes the history and components of cells. It describes how Hooke, van Leuuwenhoek, Virchow, Pasteur, Brown, Schleiden, and Schwann contributed to the cell theory through their early observations of cells. It then provides examples of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and describes the key organelles found within typical animal and plant cells, including the cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and others.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 30

    Cell History

    Examples of Cells

    Amoeba Proteus

    Plant Stem

    Bacteria

    Red Blood Cell

    Nerve Cell
    HISTORY OF THE CELL
    o Robert Hooke
    - he observed a specimen
    structures in a piece of cork which
    looked like tiny compartments similar to
    small rooms that are fitted to each
    other.

    - he also gave the name “cell”


    continuation…

    o Anton van Leuuwenhoek

    - published his observations and


    named it as “animalcules”

    - First to observe the structure of


    red blood cell (RBC) and sperm
    cell
    continuation…

    o Rudolf Virchow
    • He stated that “cells came from
    a pre-existing cell”
    continuation…

    o Louis Pasteur

    - He disproved spontaneous
    generation (Cells came from non-
    living matters)

    - First proved that cell came from


    pre-existing cells.
    continuation…

    o Robert Brown
    • discovered that nucleus is the
    central part of the cell
    o Matthias Schleiden
    • cells were the units of
    structure in plants
    o Theodor Schwann
    • cells were the units of
    structure in animals
    continuation…

    Hooke + Leeuwenhoek + Virchow


    + Pasteur + Brown + Schleiden +
    Schwann =

    CELL THEORY
    Cell Theory

     All living things are composed


    of cells and cell products.
     Cell is considered as the
    fundamental unit of structure,
    function and reproduction of all
    living things.
     All cells come from pre-existing
    cells through cell division.
    QUIZ
    Two Types of Cells

     Prokaryotic

     Eukaryotic
    Prokaryotic
    • Do not have
    structures
    surrounded by
    membranes
    • Few internal
    structures
    • One-celled
    organisms,
    Bacteria or Blue-
    green algae
    Eukaryotic
    • Cells with true or distinct nucleus.
    • Contain many organelles surrounded by
    membranes
    • Most living organisms

    Plant Animal
    “Typical” Animal Cell

    http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif
    “Typical” Plant Cell

    http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif
    Cell Parts
    Organelles
    Cell Membrane

    • Outer membrane of
    cell that controls
    movement in and
    out of the cell

    • Double layer
    Cell Wall

    • Most commonly
    found in plant
    cells & bacteria

    • Supports and
    protects the cell
    Nucleus
    • Directs cell
    activities
    • Separated from
    cytoplasm by
    nuclear
    membrane
    • Contains genetic
    material - DNA
    Nuclear Membrane

    • Surrounds nucleus

    • Made of two layers

    • Openings allow
    material to enter
    and leave nucleus

    http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
    Chromosomes

    • In nucleus

    • Made of DNA

    • Contain
    instructions for
    traits and
    characteristics

    http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
    Nucleolus

    • Inside nucleus

    • Contains RNA to
    build proteins
    Cytoplasm
    • Gel-like mixture

    • Surrounded by
    cell membrane

    • Contains
    hereditary
    material
    Endoplasmic Reticulum
    • Moves materials
    around in cell

    • Smooth type: lacks


    ribosomes

    • Rough type (pictured):


    ribosomes embedded
    in surface
    Ribosomes
    • Each cell contains
    thousands

    • Make proteins

    • Found on
    ribosomes &
    floating
    throughout the
    cell
    Mitochondria
    • Produces energy
    through chemical
    reactions –
    breaking down fats
    & carbohydrates
    • Controls level of
    water and other
    materials in cell
    • Recycles and
    decomposes
    proteins, fats, and
    carbohydrates
    Golgi Bodies
    • Protein 'packaging
    plant‘

    • Move materials
    within the cell

    • Move materials out


    of the cell
    Lysosome
    • Digestive 'plant' for
    proteins, fats, and
    carbohydrates
    • Transports
    undigested material
    to cell membrane for
    removal
    • Cell breaks down if
    lysosome explodes
    Vacuoles
    • Membrane-bound
    sacs for storage,
    digestion, and
    waste removal

    • Contains water
    solution

    • Help plants
    maintain shape
    Chloroplast
    • Usually found in
    plant cells

    • Contains green
    pigment called
    chlorophyll

    • Where
    photosynthesis
    takes place

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