PHOTO NEWS

DIRECTIONS:
Students will be grouped into three and will
examine the photos of current issues projected.
Using a manila paper, the students will write
their observations for five minutes, and a minute
will be given to them to share their work and
ideas.
 PHOTO NEWS

Rappler.com
 PHOTO NEWS

ABS-CBN news
 PHOTO NEWS

IB Times UK
Prevention of Substance
Use and Abuse
Drug Scenario in the
Philippines
Health (Module 1)
CHARLENE S. SANCHEZ,MEd
 MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES
 describes the drug scenario in the Philippines
(H9S-IIa-14)
 discusses risk and protective factors in substance use,
and abuse (H9S-IIb-1)
• analyzes situations for the use and non-use of
psychoactive substances (H9S-IIb-17)
 Clear Thoughts

1)What was the crucial scenario

portrayed in the photos?
2)Did you know the era of war on
drugs?
3)How can this affect our country and
welfare?
 News Connect

To connect the previous activity a video

clip about recent drug scenarios in the
Philippines will be played.
News Connect
 01
DRUG
SCENARIO IN
THE
PHILIPPINES
CHARLENE S. SANCHEZ, MEd.
Substance use and abuse is a
growing problem in the
Philippines .”
According to the International
Narcotics control Board (INCB), an
international drug monitoring
agency, the Philippines is listed as
one of the countries in Southeast
Asia where drug trafficking is
growing in numbers.
According to the 2012 statics
available in the Dangerous Drugs
Board Website, the most common
type of substance of abuse among
Filipino are “Methamphetamine
Hydrochloride (Shabu) 81.36%,
“Cannabis (Marijuana) 33.65% and
“Inhalant” (Solvent) 4.82%.
Most Commonly Abused Drugs

The leading drug of abuse remains to be

Methamphetamine Hydrochloride, or “Shabu” which
comprised ninety-two percent (91.80%) of the total
admission, followed by Cannabis (Marijuana) at twenty-
six percent (26.29%). Benzodiazepines is the third drug
of choice, and this could be because these are sedative
medication used to address anxiety, insomnia, and
seizures, including certain Covid 19-related mental
health problems. On the other hand “LSD”, which was
seen to be an emerging drug in 2020, occupied the 11th
rank this reporting year.
Mono drug use is still the nature of drug-taking and the
routes of administration are inhalation/sniffing and oral
ingestion.
FACTORS INFLUENCING SUBSTANCE
USE AND ABUSE
• Lack of parental supervision and
support.
• Strong peer pressure and curiosity
• Intense feeling of pleasure.
• Relief from stress, anxiety and
depression.
• Increased physical and cognitive
performance.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
AGAINST DRUG USE AND ABUSE
DOMAIN WHAT YOU NEED
PERSONAL Self-control, positive self image
and strong self esteem

FAMILY Parental monitoring and support

and strong family

PEER AND FRIENDS Academic competence and

proper selection of friends and
acquaintance

SCHOOL AND COMMUNITY Effective laws and policies,

strong community attachment.
 Summary

• (2012)The common drug of abuse used were

1st Shabu, 2nd Marijuana and 3rd Inhalant.

• (2021) 1st – shabu 2nd- marijuana

- 3rd Benzodiazepines

• The government intense effort in combating

drug were the reason on declining the
substance use and abuse.
 Summary

• Operations conducted by different law

enforcing agencies, strict implementation of
policies under “Dangerous Drug Act of 2002”
and Actualization of the Dangerous Drug
Board’s Program and Projects. The law
enforcing agency in Northern Mindanao were
seriously implement the law which cover with
legal operation to combat War on Drug.
 Summary
• Drug are substance or chemicals which taken
into the body have psychological, emotional and
behavioral effects on the person.
• Drug Abuse is the use of a substance for non-
medicinal purposes which commonly abused by
users.
• Drug misuse is the use of a substance incoherent
or inconsistent with the prescribed dosage or
frequency of use.
 02
Psychoactive
Substance
CHARLENE S. SANCHEZ, MEd.
HEY STOP LISTEN

Directions: Watch the video and snwer the

following questions:
1. What is the message of
the song?

2. What are the effects of

drug to the people who
abuse it? Cite an
example.

3. Do you like the song?

Psychoactive, also called psychotropic, is a term
that is applied to chemical substances that change
a person's mental state by affecting the way the
brain and nervous system work.
 Four Classification
Psychoactive Substances
Psychoactive Example Excessive use
Substance

Stimulants - Caffeine Irritability

improvement in mood Nicotine Mood swings
that can reach euphoria, Amphetamines Hallucination
and bodily responses Cocaine Chest pain
such as increased heart death
rate and blood
pressure.

Depressants - effects Alcohol Clammy skin, slow and

include reduced Tranquilizer shallow breathing, rapid
feelings of tension, relief *benzodiazepines and weak pulse, coma
of anxiety, and muscle *barbiturates and death
relaxation.
 Four Classification
Psychoactive Substances
Psychoactive Example Excessive use
Substance

Opioids – a group of Codeine Nausea and vomiting

drugs derived from Morphine Convulsions
morphine. The effects Oxycodone Respiratory arrest
include pain relief, Heroin Coma
drowsiness, Painkillers Death
euphoria, confusion, *aspirin
and respiratory *acetaminophen
depression (slowed *ibuprofen
breathing that keeps
the lungs from
expanding fully and
providing enough
oxygen to the body).
.
 Four Classification
Psychoactive Substances
Psychoactive Example Excessive use
Substance

Hallucinogens - Psilocybin from Problem thinking and

effects include mushrooms speaking
paranoia, LSD Memory loss
depersonalization (a Cannabis Depression
sense of not being Ketamine Weight loss
real), hallucinations, Phencyclidine(PCP)
erratic behavior, and Dextromethorphan
increased blood Peyote(mescaline)
pressure and heart
rate.

.
 Four Classification
Psychoactive Substances

Psychoactive substance has beneficial effect on human body.

Some people use this substances because they expect pleasure or
by avoidance of pain. But using psychoactive substances may also
harmful if you use it in short or longer term.
 Four Classification
Psychoactive Substances

Three categories of harmful effects of psychoactive substances:

1. Chronic health effects
a. Alcohol – liver cirrhosis and host of other chronic illnesses.
b. Tobacco in cigarette form – lung cancer, emphysema
c. Heroin use by injection – transmission of infectious agents such
as HIV and hepatitis B and C virus
 Four Classification
Psychoactive Substances

2. Acute or short-term biological health effects

a. Opioids – overdose
b. Alcohol – physical coordination lead to accidents
3. Acute social problem
a. Sudden break in a relationship
b. An arrest
4. Chronic social problem
a. Default in working life
b. Default in family roles
SUMMARY
In life of every individual there are five domains
that influence in every doing:

Personal, family, school, friend and community

will the risk factors starts.

Psychoactive substance are classified into five

namely: stimulant, depressant, opioids, and
Hallucinogens. Psychoactive means it changes
the person’s mental state.
 03
Risk and Protective
Factors in Substance
Use, Abuse and Drug
Dependence

CHARLENE S. SANCHEZ, MEd.

Risk and Protective Factors for Drug Use, Misuse,
Abuse and Dependence
DOMAIN RISK FACTORS PROTECTIVE
FACTORS
PERSONAL (Early *Use of drugs at an Self-control behavior
Aggressive Behavior early age *Risk taking *Good reasoning
vs. Self-control) behavior skills *Excellent
*Experimentation social skills *Positive
interaction with
people *Sense of
belonging
FAMILY (Weak *History and patterns *Good
Parental Guidance of drug use communication with
vs. Strong Parental *Attitudes toward people *Positive
Guidance) drug use *Poor family relationship
parenting and child *Clear and consistent
rearing *Inconsistent family rules *Strong
family rules *Poor family values
family values *Poor *Reliance on family
family ties for emotional support
Risk and Protective Factors for Drug Use, Misuse,
Abuse and Dependence
DOMAIN RISK FACTORS PROTECTIVE
FACTORS
PEERS AND *Association with *Association with
FRIENDS peers and peers and
(Substance Abuse friends known to use friends who do not
vs. Academic gateway use gateway
Excellence drugs (cigarettes and drugs
alcohol) *Formation of
* Preference to stay friendships
with peers *Reliance on friends
and friends than with for
family emotional support
SCHOOL *Poor academic *Good to excellent
(Availability of Drugs performance academic
vs. Strong Anti-Drug * Lack of performance
Policies) commitment to *Joins extra-
studies curricular activities
* Poor attendance in and school
school organizations
Risk and Protective Factors for Drug Use, Misuse,
Abuse and Dependence
DOMAIN RISK FACTORS PROTECTIVE
FACTORS
COMMUNITY *Easy access to *Strong community
(Poverty vs. Strong gateway drugs relationships
Community *Poor community *Active and positive
Relationship) organization community
and neighborhood programs, projects
relationship and
*Poor implementation activities for the
of youth
community laws * Positive attitude
* Negative attitudes which combat
which favor drug use
drug use *Strong community
advocacy
against drugs
The highest risk periods for drug abuse
among youth

The National Survey on Drug Use and Health, formally called the
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, reported:
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration,
indicate that some children are already abusing drugs, and
other’s begin earlier. age 12 or 13
The highest risk periods for drug abuse
among youth

substances that are commonly abuse are tobacco, alcohol,

inhalants, marijuana, and prescription drugs such as sleeping
pills and anti-anxiety medicines.
 What I Know
A. Understand the following statement either it
is a risk factor or a protective factor put a
check on the column below.
 What I Know
B. Multiple choice: encircle the letter of the
correct answer.
PERFORMANCE TASK
ADVOCACY
VIDEO
Create an advocacy video about drug use and abuse and their
signs and symptoms with prevention and control through the
following domains: Personal, Family, Peer and Friends, School,
and Community.
Accuracy and Content-30%
Video Quality-(Sound and
Graphics)-25%
Creativity-20%
Use of Language-15%
Overall Impact-10%

Total: 100%
THANK
YOU
Prepared by:
CHARLENE S. SANCHEZ, MEd