Social and Religious Reforms

SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS
REFORMS.
S O C I A L R E F O R M H O L D S T H E K E Y N O T O N LY
FOR REDUCING DISTRESS BUT ALSO FOR
CHANGING PERSONAL AND COMMUNITY/SOCIAL
L I F E I N WA Y S T H AT C A N P R O V I D E C O N D U C I V E
CONDITIONS FOR A CONSTRUCTIVE AND
POSITIVE APPROACH TO LIFE, UNLEASHING
C R E AT I V I T Y A N D I M P R O V I N G T H E W O R L D .
MAHATMA GANDHI.
SWAMI VIVEK ANANDA .
DAYANAND SARASWATI.
Back in India, in 1915,

In April 1875, Dayanand The first Vedanta Society, the Mahatma Gandhi founded
established the Arya Samaj in Vedanta Society of New York, an ashram, or spiritual
Bombay. Formed with the was founded by Swami monastery, open to all
motto Krinvanto Vishvam Vivekananda in November 1894. castes of people. He wore
Aryam (Make this world Many of the existing Vedanta just a simple loincloth and
noble), the socio-cultural Societies are affiliated, either shawl, and dedicated
movement aimed to reform formally or informally, with the himself to prayer and
society by raising awareness Ramakrishna Order, the fasting.
among people about Vedic monastic order, which led to the
knowledge. formation of Ramakrishna
Mission.
COMPARATIVE CHART ON THE
REFORM MOVEMENT.
Western India  South India
 Kandukuri Veeresalingam was one
 Prarthana sabha was found in
of the social reformer in south
Bombay under the supervision
india. It was the widow remarriage
of R.G. Bhandarkar and and women’s education at
Mahadev Govind Ranade. It particular
consisted the same aim of the  Sri Narayana Guru, the greatest
Brahmo samaj. It succeeded in pioneer, relentless, lifelong
the abolition of the caste system. struggle against the caste system.
 It focused on
 Widow remarriage.
 Women’s education.
 Raising the marriageable age.
.
Muslims Parsees
 They too had the same problem like the Hindus,  The reform movement among the parsees was lead by
religious orthodoxy, superstition and socio-economic Dadabhai Naoroji and other like-minded people.
backwardness.  Religious reform association was set up to start a
 Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan started a reform movement movement against religious orthodoxy.
called the Aligarh Movement. His greatest  The main concern in Parsee was the education of
achievement was the Anglo-Oriental College at women, raising the marriageable age of girls and
Aligarh in 1875. He mainly focused on the backward widow remarriage.
condition of women and asked for the removal of
purdah and spread of education for women.
 Sikhs
 The Singh Sabha was set up in Amritsar and lahore and the religious
and social reformers among the sikhs. It set up a college and opened
a lot of schools they promoted the Gurmukhi script and punjabi
literature.
 The reformers also launched a movement led by the Shiromani
Gurudwara Prabandhak Committee against the corrupt practices of
the gurudwaras and freed them from the control of the managers of
the gutudwara.
THE IMPORTANCE OF WOMAN’S EDUCATION
IN INDIA.
 “IF YOU EDUCATE A MAN YOU EDUCATE AN INDIVIDUAL, HOWEVER, IF YOU
EDUCATE A WOMAN YOU EDUCATE A WHOLE FAMILY. WOMEN EMPOWERED
MEANS MOTHER INDIA EMPOWERED”. - PT. JAWAHARLAL NEHRU. WOMEN
EDUCATION IN INDIA PLAYS A VERY IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE OVERALL
DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY. IF IT IS SAID THAT EDUCATION IS THE KEY
TO ALL PROBLEMS, THEN IT WON'T BE IMPROPER. THINKERS HAVE GIVEN A
NUMBER OF DEFINITIONS OF EDUCATION BUT OUT OF THESE DEFINITIONS,
THE MOST IMPORTANT DEFINITION IS THAT WHICH WAS PUT FORTH BY M.
PHULE. ACCORDING TO M. PHULE, "EDUCATION IS THAT WHICH
DEMONSTRATES THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WHAT IS GOOD AND WHAT IS
EVIL". IF WE CONSIDER THE ABOVE DEFINITION, WE COME TO KNOW THAT
WHATEVER REVOLUTIONS THAT HAVE TAKEN PLACE IN OUR HISTORY,
EDUCATION IS AT THE BASE OF THEM AND EDUCATION MEANS MODIFICATION
OF BEHAVIOUR IN EVERY ASPECT, SUCH AS MENTALITY, OUTLOOK, ATTITUDE
ETC. EDUCATED WOMEN NOT ONLY TEND TO PROMOTE EDUCATION OF THEIR
GIRL CHILDREN, BUT ALSO CAN PROVIDE BETTER GUIDANCE TO ALL THEIR
CHILDREN. MOREOVER EDUCATED WOMEN CAN ALSO HELP IN THE
REDUCTION OF INFANT MORTALITY RATE AND GROWTH OF THE POPULATION.

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SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS

Back in India, in 1915,

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