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    Prepared by Chinnavva Palabhavi - 5883

    Uploaded by

    Sourav Ghosh
    This document summarizes the geographical distribution and origin of barley. It discusses how barley likely originated in the Near East fertile crescent region and is classified into oriental and occidental types based on regions of diversity in Northeast Africa and Southeast Asia. The major barley growing areas today include countries in Europe, North America, and parts of India. Barley has been an important crop historically as well, serving as a staple food in Tibet and for gladiators in ancient Rome. Worldwide, barley covers 82 million hectares with a production of 152 million tons and average yield of 18.5 quintals per hectare, while in India the figures are 0.75 million hectares, 1.43 million

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    Prepared by Chinnavva Palabhavi - 5883

    Uploaded by

    Sourav Ghosh
    11 views13 pages
    This document summarizes the geographical distribution and origin of barley. It discusses how barley likely originated in the Near East fertile crescent region and is classified into oriental and occidental types based on regions of diversity in Northeast Africa and Southeast Asia. The major barley growing areas today include countries in Europe, North America, and parts of India. Barley has been an important crop historically as well, serving as a staple food in Tibet and for gladiators in ancient Rome. Worldwide, barley covers 82 million hectares with a production of 152 million tons and average yield of 18.5 quintals per hectare, while in India the figures are 0.75 million hectares, 1.43 million

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    This document summarizes the geographical distribution and origin of barley. It discusses how barley likely originated in the Near East fertile crescent region and is classified into oriental and occidental types based on regions of diversity in Northeast Africa and Southeast Asia. The major barley growing areas today include countries in Europe, North America, and parts of India. Barley has been an important crop historically as well, serving as a staple food in Tibet and for gladiators in ancient Rome. Worldwide, barley covers 82 million hectares with a production of 152 million tons and average yield of 18.5 quintals per hectare, while in India the figures are 0.75 million hectares, 1.43 million

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    11 views13 pages

    Prepared by Chinnavva Palabhavi - 5883

    Uploaded by

    Sourav Ghosh
    This document summarizes the geographical distribution and origin of barley. It discusses how barley likely originated in the Near East fertile crescent region and is classified into oriental and occidental types based on regions of diversity in Northeast Africa and Southeast Asia. The major barley growing areas today include countries in Europe, North America, and parts of India. Barley has been an important crop historically as well, serving as a staple food in Tibet and for gladiators in ancient Rome. Worldwide, barley covers 82 million hectares with a production of 152 million tons and average yield of 18.5 quintals per hectare, while in India the figures are 0.75 million hectares, 1.43 million

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    Prepared By

    CHINNAVVA PALABHAVI--5883
    I C A L
    AP H E Y
    O G R A R L
    G E O F B
    P I C — I O N
    T O B U T
    T R I
    DI S
    Geographical distribution of
    barley
    • Crop—Barley
    • Scientific name—Hordeum
    vulgare
    • Family—Gramineae
    • Growing region—Temperate and
    Subtropics
    ORIGIN

    • Near East region is the probable centre.

    • The wild ancestor of barley ,H.vulgare sub


    spp. Spontaneous is abundant in fertile crescent.

    • Barley is believed to have originated in


    Abyssinia (Ethopia) and South East Asia .
    Vavilov has proposed two main
    centres of diversity
    1)North east Africa and mountainous
    regions of abyssinia. Barley found in
    this region are classified as occidental
    type. The typical characters are broad
    empty glume , 2 rowed , brightly
    coloured stem.
    2) South East Asia , China, Japan and
    adjoin tibet Barley found in this region are
    grouped as oriental type. Short
    awned/awnless or hooded type.

    * Major growing areas of barley are


    USSR,canada,france ,spain, UK,
    germany,Australia.In India it
    predominantly grown in eastern UP,
    rajasthan,MP ,Haryana, Punjab, Bihar and
    HP.
    Based on agroclimatic conditions ,the country
    is divided in to 5 major zones of barley are
    • Hill zone –HP and hilly areas of UP
    • North western plains zone—
    Punjab,Haryana,Delhi,and Western
    and central UP
    • North eastern plains zone—Parts
    eastern UP,WB,Bihar and Orissa.
    • Central zone—Rajasthan and MP.
    • Peninsular plainszone-Mh&Karnataka
    Tibetan barley has been a staple
    food in Tibet since the fifth century AD. This
    grain, along with a cool climate that permitted
    storage, produced a civilization that was able to
    raise great armies.
     It is made into a flour product
    called tsampa that is still a staple in Tibet. The
    flour is roasted and mixed with butter and butter
    tea to form a stiff dough that is eaten in small
    balls.
    •Pliny also noted
    barley was a special
    food of gladiators
    known as hordearii,
    "barley-eaters".
    However, by Roman
    times, he added that
    wheat had replaced
    barley as a staple.
    Area, Production and
    Productivity

    World:Area-82m.ha
    Production-152mt
    productivity-18.5q/ha
    India:Area-0.75m.ha
    Production-1.43mt
    productivity-19q/ha
    ou
    k Y
    an
    T h
    REFERENCE
    Agronomy of field crops
    -SR
    Reddy.

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