October 10

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF PAMPANGA
EMIGDIO A. BONDOC HIGH SCHOOL, SAN LUIS
San Roque, San Luis, Pampanga
SPEECH ACTS
Prepared by:
Mrs. Jonette C. Landayan
OBJECTIVES
By the end of the
lesson, you will ⌂ define speech
have been able acts;
to…
OBJECTIVES
By the end of the
lesson, you will ⌂ distinguish types
have been able of speech act;
to…
OBJECTIVES
By the end of the ⌂ recognize that
lesson, you will communicative
have been able competence requires
to… understanding of
speech acts;
OBJECTIVES
By the end of the ⌂ demonstrate
lesson, you will effective use of
have been able communicative
to… strategy in a variety
of speech situations;
OBJECTIVES ⌂ apply learning and
thinking skills, life
By the end of the skills, and ICT
lesson, you will literacy in
have been able understanding the
to… types of
speech acts; and
OBJECTIVES
By the end of the ⌂ reflect on your
lesson, you will learning on the types
have been able of speech acts.
to…
Let’s Warm Up!
Take the quiz below and check if you

can discern the meaning behind the
utterance.
Let’s Warm Up!
1. Consider the phrase: “I now declare Martial Law.” Who
among the following can say this
phrase and make martial law actually happen?
a. President of the country

b. My pregnant neighbor
c. A retired veterinarian
d. A famous rock star
Let’s Warm Up!
2. What do you think does the speaker mean when he/she
says, “Can you open the door?”
a. The speaker wants to know if I have the ability to open the

door.
b. The speaker is requesting me to open the door.
c. The speaker does not make sense.
d. The speaker is asking me a question.
Let’s Warm Up!
3. You and your friend who has a fever enter your room. She
shivers and tells you, “It’s cold in
here!” How would you interpret what she said?
a. She feels cold.

b. She wants me to increase the temperature in the room.
c. She does not feel well because of the cold.
d. She is complimenting the temperature in my room.
Let’s Warm Up!
4. Based on the scenario in item number 3, what would your
next action be?
a. I will thank my friend.

b. I will agree with her and say that the room is cold.
c. I will increase the temperature to decrease the coldness.
d. I will ignore my friend.
Let’s Warm Up!
5. In which of the following statements is the speaker making
a commitment?
a. “I checked her Facebook profile yesterday.”

b. “I’m in love and I’m happy!”
c. “I promise to love you for better or for worse.”
d. “I think following my suggestion will get us a high grade.”
Let’s Warm Up!
5. In which of the following statements is the speaker making
a commitment?
a. “I checked her Facebook profile yesterday.”

b. “I’m in love and I’m happy!”
c. “I promise to love you for better or for worse.”
d. “I think following my suggestion will get us a high grade.”
Watch the first
video of telephone
conversations
With your partner, discuss your answers to the
following questions.
a. What greeting is used by the customer service agent?

b. What form of personal identification is used by the
agent?
c. What pre-closing signals are used by the agent?
d. What closing is used by the agent?
Definition of
Speech Acts
A SPEECH ACT IS AN
UTTERANCE THAT A
SPEAKER MAKES TO
ACHIEVE AN
INTENDED EFFECT.
Some of
the functions which are carried out
using speech acts are offering an
apology, greeting, request,
complaint, invitation, compliment, or
refusal.
For example,
“Thanks” and “Thank you for always
being there for me. I really
appreciate it” both show appreciation
regardless of the length of the
statement.
Three Types of
Speech Act
ACCORDING TO J. L. AUSTIN
(1962), A PHILOSOPHER OF
LANGUAGE AND THE
DEVELOPER OF THE SPEECH ACT
THEORY, THERE ARE THREE
TYPES OF ACTS IN EVERY
UTTERANCE, GIVEN THE RIGHT
CIRCUMSTANCES OR CONTEXT.
These are:
1. LOCUTIONARY ACT IS THE
ACTUAL ACT OF UTTERING.
Locutionary act
2. FOR EXAMPLE SOMEONE SAID “IT'S RAINING
OUTSIDE!”, THE UTTERANCE ITSELF CALLED
LOCUTIONARY ACT. IN THE SIMPLE EXPLANATION,
OCUTIONARY ACT IS THE ACT OF SAYING, THE LITERAL
MEANING OF THE UTTERANCE.
Do the dishes.
These are: 2. ILLOCUTIONARY ACT IS
THE SOCIAL FUNCTION OF
WHAT IS SAID.
Illocutionary act
AN ILLOCUTIONARY ACT IS ONE
OF ASSERTING, DEMANDING,
PROMISING, SUGGESTING,
EXCLAIMING, VOWING
'There is a cat in your kitchen' may perform an
illocutionary act of warning someone to protect the
fish or meat from the cat.
These are: 3. PERLOCUTIONARY ACT IS THE RESULTING
ACT OF WHAT IS SAID. THIS EFFECT IS
BASED ON THE PARTICULAR
CONTEXT IN WHICH THE SPEECH ACT WAS
Perlocutionary act MENTIONED.
A PERLOCUTIONARY ACT IS ONE OF GETTING

SOMEBODY TO DO SOMETHING; PERSUADING (THEM
TO DO SOMETHING), CONVINCING (THEM TO THINK
SOMETHING), SCARING (GETTING THEM TO BE
AFRAID), INSULTING (GETTING THEM TO BE
OFFENDED), AMUSING (GETTING THEM TO LAUGH).
PERLOCUTIONARY ACTS HAVE AN AGENDA, AN
AGENDA DIRECTED AT SOMEONE ELSE.
"I promise to do my
homework" (locution),
you want your teacher to
believe you (illocution)
and she does (perlocut

There are also indirect speech acts
which occur when there is no direct
connection between the
form of the utterance and the intended
meaning. They are different in force
(i.e., intention) from
the inferred speech act.
For example, read the following
utterance.
“Can you pass the rice?”
Inferred speech act: Do you have
the ability to hand over the rice?
Indirect speech act: Please pass
the rice.
Searle’s
Classifications of AS A RESPONSE TO
AUSTIN’S SPEECH ACT
Speech Act THEORY,) JOHN SEARLE
(1976, A PROFESSOR FROM
THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA,
BERKELEY, CLASSIFIED
ILLOCUTIONARY ACTS
INTO FIVE DISTINCT
CATEGORIES.
1. Assertive – a type of illocutionary act
in which the speaker expresses belief
about the truth of
a proposition. Some examples of an
assertive act are suggesting, putting
forward, swearing,
boasting, and concluding.
Example:
NO ONE MAKES
BETTER PANCAKES
THAN I DO.
Directive – a type of illocutionary act
in which the speaker tries to make the
addressee
perform an action. Some examples of
a directive act are asking, ordering,
requesting,
inviting, advising, and begging.
Example:
PLEASE CLOSE THE

DOOR.
Commissive – a type of illocutionary
act which commits the speaker to
doing something in
the future.
Examples of a commissive act are
promising, planning, vowing, and
betting.
Example:
FROM NOW ON, I WILL

PARTICIPATE IN OUR
GROUP ACTIVITY.
Expressive – a type of illocutionary act
in which the speaker expresses his/her
feelings
or emotional reactions. Some
examples of an expressive act are
thanking, apologizing,
welcoming, and deploring.
Example:
I AM SO SORRY FOR NOT

HELPING OUT IN OUR
GROUP PROJECTS AND
LETTING YOU DO ALL THE
WORK.
Declaration – a type of illocutionary act
which brings a change in the external situation.
Simply put, declarations bring into existence
or cause the state of affairs which they refer to.
Some examples of declarations are blessing,
firing, baptizing, bidding, passing a sentence,
and excommunicating.
Example:
YOU ARE FIRED!

BY SAYING THAT SOMEONE IS
FIRED, AN EMPLOYER CAUSES OR
BRINGS ABOUT THE PERSON’S
UNEMPLOYMENT, THUS CHANGING
HIS EXTERNAL SITUATION.
Always keep in mind that speech acts include
concrete life interactions that require the
appropriate use of language within a given culture.
Communicative competence (i.e., the ability
to use linguistic knowledge to effectively
communicate with others) is essential for a speaker to
be
able to use and understand speech acts. Idioms and
other nuances in a certain language might be
lost or misunderstood by someone who does not fully
grasp the language yet.

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Republic of the Philippines

Take the quiz below and check if you

a. President of the country

a. The speaker wants to know if I have the ability to open the

a. She feels cold.

a. I will thank my friend.

a. “I checked her Facebook profile yesterday.”

a. “I checked her Facebook profile yesterday.”

a. What greeting is used by the customer service agent?

A PERLOCUTIONARY ACT IS ONE OF GETTING

and she does (perlocut

PLEASE CLOSE THE

FROM NOW ON, I WILL

I AM SO SORRY FOR NOT

YOU ARE FIRED!

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