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    Modals of Obligation-Grammar

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    Miranda Mirella
    This document discusses modal verbs used to express ability, permission, obligation, prohibition, absence of obligation, advice, and deduction in English. It provides examples of modal verbs like can, could, be able to, may, must, have to, should, and mustn't and explains their uses in the present, past, and future tenses as well as for expressing different meanings.

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    Modals of Obligation-Grammar

    Uploaded by

    Miranda Mirella
    8 views9 pages
    This document discusses modal verbs used to express ability, permission, obligation, prohibition, absence of obligation, advice, and deduction in English. It provides examples of modal verbs like can, could, be able to, may, must, have to, should, and mustn't and explains their uses in the present, past, and future tenses as well as for expressing different meanings.

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    Modals of Obligation-grammar

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    This document discusses modal verbs used to express ability, permission, obligation, prohibition, absence of obligation, advice, and deduction in English. It provides examples of modal verbs like can, could, be able to, may, must, have to, should, and mustn't and explains their uses in the present, past, and future tenses as well as for expressing different meanings.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    8 views9 pages

    Modals of Obligation-Grammar

    Uploaded by

    Miranda Mirella
    This document discusses modal verbs used to express ability, permission, obligation, prohibition, absence of obligation, advice, and deduction in English. It provides examples of modal verbs like can, could, be able to, may, must, have to, should, and mustn't and explains their uses in the present, past, and future tenses as well as for expressing different meanings.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    MODAL VERBS

    ABILITY
    ABILITY IN THE PRESENT:
     We can use:
     CAN
     BE ABLE TO
     Be able to is more formal

    I can speak/am able to speak five languages.


    I can’t answer/am not able to answer that question.
    ABILITY IN THE PAST:
     We can use:
     COULD for general abilities or habits in the past
     BE ABLE TO for abilities in a specific moment of the past

    I could speak English when I was 7 years old (general ability).


    We were able to catch the bus last night (specific moment)
    ABILITY IN THE FUTURE:
     We can use:
     BE ABLE TO

    I hope I will be able to go to Japan one day.


    When we finish this English course, we will be able to speak English perfectly
    PERMISSION
     We can use:

    MAY COULD CAN


    + POLITENESS
    -
    Can I use your phone?
    Could I use your pone?
    May I use your pone?
    OBLIGATION
     We can use:
     MUST for internal obligation
     HAVE TO for external obligation (rules)

    I must study if I want to pass my exam (internal obligation)


    We must leave now or we’ll be late (internal obligation)
    I have to work on Saturday (external obligation)
    They have to wear uniforms at school (external obligation)
    PROHIBITION
     We use:
     MUSTN’T
    You mustn’t drink and drive
    You mustn’t feed the animals


    ABSENCE OF OBLIGATION
    We use:
     NOT HAVE TO
     NEEDN’T
    You don’t have to come if you don’t want to
    You needn’t come if you don’t want to
    ADVICE
     We can use:
     SHOULD
     OUGHT TO this is more formal and it is not used in questions or
    negatives

    I should call my parent more often


    You shouldn’t work so hard
    Should we leave a tip?
    She ought to quit smoking
    DEDUCTION
     We can use:

    100% yes 50% 100% no


    MUST MAY/MIGHT CAN’T
    + POSSIBILITY
    -
    She finishes work at 7pm. It’s 9pm so she can’t be working.
    She finishes work at 7pm. It’s 6pm so she must be working.
    I’m not sure, but they may/might come to the party

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