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    Eye Must or Have To Summary

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    Fernando lemos bernardo

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Eye Must or Have To Summary

    Uploaded by

    Fernando lemos bernardo
    6 views2 pages

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    Eye Must or Have to Summary

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    6 views2 pages

    Eye Must or Have To Summary

    Uploaded by

    Fernando lemos bernardo

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    MUST or HAVE TO

    Present Forms

    Both must and have to are followed by an infinitive verb. Must behaves like a typical modal verb, it doesn’t
    change according to the person and doesn’t require an auxiliary verb to form negatives or questions. Have to
    conjugates like a normal verb form, requiring the auxiliary verb do for negatives and questions:

    + - ?
    I must go I mustn’t go Must you go?
    She must go She mustn’t go Must she go?
    They must go They mustn’t go Must they go?

    I have to go I don’t have to go Do I have to go?


    He has to go He doesn’t have to go Does he have to go?
    We have to go We don’t have to go Do we have to?

    Past forms

    You can use had to for an obligation in the past. Must have + past participle is used to express certainty
    about the past. Compare these two sentences:

    • John had to catch the train home early because his wife was unwell.
    • John must have caught the train home. He didn’t have his car.

    Future forms

    We use will have to for a future obligation, but have to is more often used when it’s a future obligation that
    has already been arranged. Will have to is also used to make instructions sound less like a direct order.
    Compare:

    • I have to see the doctor tomorrow, I’ve got a problem with my shoulder.
    • I’m afraid you’ll have to wait for about 30 minutes, the doctor is running late today.

    Must is used for the future to give instructions or orders:

    • You can borrow the car this afternoon, but you must bring it back by 6pm tonight as I’ve got to pick
    John up from the station at 6.30.

    In example above have got to is used for a pre-arranged future obligation

    www.expressyourselfinenglish.com
    Uses

    Must and have to are both used to express obligation. Often they can be used interchangeably, however
    there are some differences in how we use them and the negative forms mustn’t and don’t have to are
    significantly different in their meaning.

    We can use must to show that we are certain something is true based on some clear evidence or reason.

    • There's no heating on. You must be freezing.


    • I can't remember what I did with it. I must be getting old.

    We also use must to express a strong obligation which is the result of some personal situation. The
    obligation is also the desire or will of the person speaking, it is not an order coming from someone else.

    • I’m so tired. I must go to bed earlier.


    • We haven’t seen you for ages! You must come and visit us some time.

    We also use have to to express a strong obligation. When we use have to this usually means that some
    external circumstance (or person!) obliges us to do something.

    • I have to arrive at work at 9 sharp, because my boss is very strict.


    • You have to pass your exams with good grades or the university will not accept you.

    As you can see, the differences between the present forms are sometimes rather subtle. However, there is a
    big difference between the negative forms:

    We use mustn't to express strong obligations NOT to do something.

    • We mustn't talk about this with anyone else. It's strictly confidential.
    • You mustn't phone me at work. We aren't allowed personal calls.

    We use don't have to (or haven't got to in British English) to state that there is NO obligation or necessity.

    • We don't have to get there until half past seven, there’s no rush.
    • You don't have to come if you don't want to, you can stay here.
    • He’s not stressed. He hasn’t got to finish the assignment until next Tuesday.

    www.expressyourselfinenglish.com

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