:

PRESENTED BY:-
RAJANIGANDHA MUNDARY
REDG. NO.:-2001320020
GUIDE NAME:- UMAKANTA PRADHAN
 INTRODUCTION
 DEMOLITION
 STEPS BEFORE DEMOLITION
 Surveying
 Removal of hazardous
materials
 Preparation of plan
 Stability report
 Safety measures
 METHODS OF DEMOLITION
 Non-explosive demolition
 Explosive demolition
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES
 We know every structure is designed for a life period.
 The existence of the structure after the service life period is
very dangerous to its occupants and surrounding buildings
.
 The building act usually contains provisions that enable local
authorities to control demolition works for the protection of
public safety and to ensure adjoining premises and the site
are made good on completion of the demolition.
 Demolition is the process of tearing down or falling down of a
building after its life period with the help of some equipments
or any other method.
 When explosives are used for this then the demolition
process are called as an implosion.
 The different steps before the execution
of a demolition process are:
1.Surveying
2.Removal of hazardous materials
3.Preparation of plan
4.Stability report
5.Safety measures
 Surveying means study of
different parameters of the
structure and its surroundings.
 There are two types of surveying are
mainly conducted. They are
A. Building surveying
B. Structural surveying
 RECORD
DRAWING

BUILDING
SURVEY
SURVEYING ITEMS

HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
SURVEYING

SPECIAL
STRUCTERS
STRUCTURAL
SURVEYING
INVESTIGATION
& TESTING
 Ifhazardous materials, such as asbestos
containing materials, petroleum
contamination and radioactive
contamination, exist in the building,
further investigation and removal of such
hazardous material or contamination by
specialist shall be referenced.
 In the case when asbestos
containing material are discovered,
 specialist contractor shall be
employed to
remove such asbestos containing
 The asbestos waste should be handled, stored and
disposed of as chemical waste in accordance with
the Waste Disposal Ordinance and Waste Disposal
(Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation.
 In the case when possible soil contamination
material is present, specialist shall be employed to
prepare soil contamination test proposal and
submit such proposal to the Environmental
Protection Department for comment.
 In the case when remedial works are required, the
remedial proposal shall be submitted to the
Environmental Protection Department for
approval prior to implementation of such
remedial works.
 A plan showing:
 all floors of the building to be demolished, with
adequate sections
 The structural arrangement and construction of
all unconventional structural elements
 The procedure for the demolition of the
building
 Route of movement of powered mechanical
plants and equipmet
 All precautionary measures for the protection of
the public
 Descriptive notes on the proposed methods for handling
and disposal of debris
 proposed shoring and precautionary measures for all
 The Stability Report shall include the following
parts:
 A report on the stability of the building to
be demolished during all stages of
demolition;
 A report on the stability of the building
with
supporting calculations to demonstrate that the
use of the plants and equipment will not render
inadequate the margin of safety of, or cause
damage to any building, structure, street, land
and services;structural calculations for all
temporary supports and bracings;
 Training and Communication
 Equipment Maintenance
 Electrical Safety
 Fire
 Occupational Health
 Emergency Exit Requirements in
Demolition Sites
 Vibration
 Environmental Precautions
There are two types of demolition
1. Non explosive demolition
 It means the demolition of a structure
done with some equipment without the
use of any explosive.
2. Explosive demolition
A sledge hammer, equipment used for
removing a stone wall or a single
column.
 It consists of a long stem with a
metallic head. It is used to give
impacts on the surfaces and that cause
the demolition of structure.
 It cannot be used for removal of
large buildings.
•Hydraulic excavators may be used to topple one-or
two- story buildings by an undermining process. The
undermining process means, erode the base or
foundation, i.e., dig or excavate beneath the
foundation so as to make it collapse
•Loaders or bulldozers may also be used to demolish
a building. They are typically equipped with “rakes”
(thick pieces of steel that could be an I-beam or
tube) that are used to ram building wall. Skid
loaders and Loaders will also be used to take
material out and sort steel.
 In case of buildings have greater heights (5 to 6
story) normal excavators and bulldozers are
not sufficient. In such cases crane with
wrecking balls are used to perform the
demolition activity.

The wrecking balls are steel balls hanging
from a steel rope which is attached to the
crane.
 This method is more effective only for high
rise masonry structures because of the
uncontrolled backward movement of steel
ball after the impact on the wall surface.
 Now this method not commonly used because
 High reach demolition excavators are more
often used for tall buildings where
explosive demolition is not appropriate or
not possible.
 These excavators are used to demolish up to a
height of 300 feet. These excavators with
some attachments are also provided for
some specific purposes.

Hydraulic hammers are often used for
concrete structures and concrete processing
attachments are used to crush concrete to a
manageable size, and to removing reinforcing
steel.
 The basic idea of explosive
demolition is quite simple.
 If we remove the support
structure of a building at a certain
point, the section of the building
above the point will fall down on
the part of the building below that
point.
 There are mainly two
ways to implode a building,
1. felling like a tree
2. falling into its own
 In this the blasting crew will be able to tumble the
building over on one side, into a parking lot other
open area. This sort of blast is the easiest to
execute, and it is generally the safest way to go.
Tipping a building over is something like felling a
tree. For example to topple the building to the
north, the blasters detonate explosives on the
north side of the building first , in the same way
you would chop into a tree from the north side if
you wanted it to fall in that direction . Blasters
may also secure steel cables to support columns in
the building, so that they are pulled a certain way
as they crumble.
 Sometimes, though, a building is surrounded by structures that must
be preserved. In this case, the blasters proceed with a true
implosion, demolishing the building so that it collapses straight
down into its own footprints (that means the total area of building
is removed into the base of the building). This feat requires such
skill that only a handful of demolition companies in the world will
attempt it.
 Blasters approach each project a little differently, but the basic idea
is to think of the building as a collection of separate towers. The
blasters set the explosives so that each “tower” falls toward the
centre of the building, in roughly the same way that they would set
the explosives to topple a single structure to the side.
 When the explosives are detonated in the right order, the
toppling towers crash against each other, and all of the rubbles
collect at the centre of the building. Another option is to
detonate the columns at the centre of the building before the
other columns so that the
building’s sides fall inward.
 Type of demolition method depends upon various
factors such as site condition, type of structures, age of
building, height of building and economy.
 Anyway controlled demolition of building is
necessary to ensure safety.
 Explosive demolition is the preferred method for safely
and efficiently demolishing the larger structures.
 www.google.com
 www.wikipedia.co
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