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    Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)

    Uploaded by

    Nelson Amara
    SO2 is a colorless gas that is heavier than air and soluble in water. It can be liquefied at -10°C and solidified at -76°C. SO2 exhibits both reducing and oxidizing properties depending on the conditions. It acts as a reducing agent by donating hydrogen or accepting oxygen. However, it can also act as a mild oxidizing agent by oxidizing H2S to sulfur. SO2 has unsaturated character and can form addition compounds such as sulfuryl chloride. It is used as a bleaching agent through both reduction and addition reactions, though its bleaching effect is temporary unlike chlorine. Major uses of SO2 include manufacturing sulfuric acid and acting as a preservative and

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    Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)

    Uploaded by

    Nelson Amara
    78 views13 pages
    SO2 is a colorless gas that is heavier than air and soluble in water. It can be liquefied at -10°C and solidified at -76°C. SO2 exhibits both reducing and oxidizing properties depending on the conditions. It acts as a reducing agent by donating hydrogen or accepting oxygen. However, it can also act as a mild oxidizing agent by oxidizing H2S to sulfur. SO2 has unsaturated character and can form addition compounds such as sulfuryl chloride. It is used as a bleaching agent through both reduction and addition reactions, though its bleaching effect is temporary unlike chlorine. Major uses of SO2 include manufacturing sulfuric acid and acting as a preservative and

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    SO2 is a colorless gas that is heavier than air and soluble in water. It can be liquefied at -10°C and solidified at -76°C. SO2 exhibits both reducing and oxidizing properties depending on the conditions. It acts as a reducing agent by donating hydrogen or accepting oxygen. However, it can also act as a mild oxidizing agent by oxidizing H2S to sulfur. SO2 has unsaturated character and can form addition compounds such as sulfuryl chloride. It is used as a bleaching agent through both reduction and addition reactions, though its bleaching effect is temporary unlike chlorine. Major uses of SO2 include manufacturing sulfuric acid and acting as a preservative and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    78 views13 pages

    Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)

    Uploaded by

    Nelson Amara
    SO2 is a colorless gas that is heavier than air and soluble in water. It can be liquefied at -10°C and solidified at -76°C. SO2 exhibits both reducing and oxidizing properties depending on the conditions. It acts as a reducing agent by donating hydrogen or accepting oxygen. However, it can also act as a mild oxidizing agent by oxidizing H2S to sulfur. SO2 has unsaturated character and can form addition compounds such as sulfuryl chloride. It is used as a bleaching agent through both reduction and addition reactions, though its bleaching effect is temporary unlike chlorine. Major uses of SO2 include manufacturing sulfuric acid and acting as a preservative and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    Physical properties

     SO2 is colorless gas.

     It is highly soluble in water.

     It is heavier than air.

     It is liquefied at -10 ºC and solidified at -76 ºC.


    Chemical properties

    1.Thermal decomposition: SO2 is decomposed into SO3 and


    S at 1200 ºC.

    1200 ºC
    3SO2 2SO3 + S
    2. Acidic nature: SO2 dissolves in water to give sulphurous acid.
    SO2 + H2O H2SO3

    Sulphurous acid is diprotic acid (dibasic acid). It undergoes ionization


    in two steps.
    H2SO3 H+ + HSO3 -
    bisulphite ion

    HSO3 - H+ + SO3 --
    sulphite ion

    Following reaction supports acidic nature of aqueous SO2 .


    a. It reacts with base to form salt and water.
    H2SO3 + NaOH NaHSO
    Sodium +
    bisulphite
    3 H2O

    H2SO3 + 2NaOH Na SO
    Sodium sulphite
    2 3 + H2 O
    3. Reducing properties: Aqueous solution of SO2 acts as a reducing
    agent because it supply nascent hydrogen and itself oxidized into
    H2SO4 .
    SO2 + 2H2O H2SO4 + 2[H]
    Or, accepts nascent oxygen and itself oxidized into H2SO4 .
    SO2 + H2O + [O] H2SO4
    a. It reduces halogens into halogen acid

    Cl2 + H2O 2HCl + [O]


    SO2 + H2O + [O] H2SO4
    Cl2 + SO2 + 2H2O 2HCl + H2SO4
    b. It reduces acidified potassium permanganate, where pink color of KMnO4 is
    discharged.

    2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 K2SO4 +2MnSO4 +3H2O + 5[O]


    SO2 + H2O + [O] H2SO4 ] x 5
    +7 +4 +2 +6
    2KMnO4 + 2H2O + 5 SO2 K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 2H2SO4
    pink colorless

    c. It reduces acidified K2Cr2O7 solution. Orange color of K2Cr2O7 is changed into


    green.

    K2Cr2O7 + 4H2SO4 K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + 4H2O + 3[O]


    SO2 + H2O + [O] H2SO4 ] x 3
    +6 +3

    Korang
    2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 + 3SO2 K2SO4 + Cr2green
    (SO4)3 + H2O
    e
    d. It reduces ferric salt to ferrous salt in which the color changes from yellow to
    light green.
    SO2 + 2H2O H2SO4 + 2[H]
    FeCl3 + [H] FeCl2 + HCl ] x 2
    SO2 + 2H2O + 2FeCl3 H2SO4 + 2FeCl2 + 2HCl
    yello Light green
    w
    Or
    SO2 + 2H2O H2SO4 + 2[H]
    Fe2(SO4)3 + 2[H] 2FeSO4 + H2SO4
    Fe 2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 2H2O
    yello Light2FeSO
    green 4 + 2H2SO4
    w
    e. It reduces potassium iodate solution to I2 .

    2KIOiodate
    Potassium 3 + 5SO2 + 4H2O I2 + 2KHSO4 + 3H2SO4
    4. Oxidizing properties: SO2 also acts as oxidizing agent. SO2 bears +4
    oxidation state on Sulphur. It is intermediate oxidation state between
    highest and lowest of sulphur. That is why in some cases, SO2 behaves as
    oxidizing agent while in some other cases it behaves as reducing agent.

    Following reaction justify the oxidizing property of sulphur dioxide.

    a. SO2 oxidizes H2S to sulphur.


    2H2S + SO2 2H2O + 3S

    b. SO2 oxidizes iron to iron oxide.


    2Fe + SO2 2FeO + S

    c. SO2 oxidizes HI to I2.


    4HI + SO2 S + 2H2O+2I2
    5. Unsaturation nature of SO2 (addition reaction): Oxidation state of S in
    SO2 is +4. Its highest oxidation state is +6. Therefore it has further
    capacity to increase the oxidation state. That is why SO2 forms addition
    product.
    Light

    SO2 + Cl2 Sulphuryl


    SO Clchloride
    2 2

    PbO2 + SO2 PbSO4

    6. Bleaching property: Formation of colorless product from colored


    substance is called bleaching. SO2 shows bleaching action in two ways.

    a. By reduction: In presence of moisture, SO2 gives nascent hydrogen and


    this nascent hydrogen bleaches the coloring matter to the colorless reduced
    product.
    SO2 + 2H2O H2SO4 + 2[H]

    coloring matter + [H] colorless reduced product

    If the colorless reduced product is exposed to air, the original color is


    regenerated. This shows that bleaching action of SO2 is temporary and
    reversible. Aerial oxidation
    Colorless reduced product Reduced by SO2
    coloring
    matter

    b. By formation of addition product: In some cases bleaching action of


    SO2 is due to the formation of colorless addition product with coloring
    matters.

    Colouring matter (A) + SO2 colourless addition


    product(SO2A)
    If the bleached product is treated with dil. H2SO4, the
    compound decomposes and liberates SO2 gas. Then
    original colour of matter restored.
    H2SO4
    Colourless addition product (SO2A) Colouring matter
    (A)
    Comparison of bleaching action of SO2 and Cl2:
    Sulphur dioxide Chlorine
    1. The bleaching action of SO2 is due to 1. The bleaching action of Cl2 is due to
    reduction or addition product formation. oxidation reaction.
    2. Action with moisture takes place as 2. Action with moisture takes place as
    follows. follows.
    SO2 + 2H2O H2SO4 +2 [H] Cl2+ H2O 2HCl + [O]
    This nascent hydrogen reduces the This nascent oxygen oxidizes coloring
    coloring matter into colorless matter. matter into colorless matter.
    3. The bleaching action of SO2 is 3. The bleaching action of Cl2 is
    temporary. permanent.
    4. The reduced product regains its original 4. No regain of original color when
    color when exposed to air. exposed to air.

    5. SO2 is mild bleaching agent. 5. Cl2 is strong bleaching agent.


    Uses of SO2 :

     It is used in the manufacture of sulphuric acid, sulphurous acid etc.

     It is used for bleaching delicate articles like silk, starch, straw, wool,
    hair etc.

     It is used as bleaching agent in sugar industry for decoloring cane sugar


    solution.

     It is used as fungicide and preservative of food.

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