Chapter 11 - Study of Compounds D. Sulphuric Acid Exercise Ex.

11
Q1: Why is water not added to concentrated H2SO4 in order to dilute it? Water is never added to concentrated acid as
large amount of heat is released which changes water to steam. It causes the splashing of acid which can cause
burn injuries.
Q2: Give two balanced reactions of each type to show the following properties of sulphuric acid.
(a) Acidic nature – i)2NaOH+H2SO4 Na2SO4+2H2O, (ii) CuO + H2SO4 → CuSO4 + H2O
(b) Oxidising agent – i) C+H2SO4 CO2 +H2O +2SO2 (ii) S +H2SO4 → 3SO2 +2H2O
c) Dehydrating nature- i)C12H22O11 12C + 11H2O, (ii)HCOOH CO + H2O
(d) Non-volatile nature – i) NaCl + H2SO4 NaHSO4 +HCl, (ii)KCl + H2SO4 → KHSO4 + HCl
Q3: Give a chemical test to distinguish between :( a) dilute sulphuric acid and dilute hydrochloric acid.
Dil HCl Dil. H2SO4
HCl gives dense white fumes of ammonium chloride, No such fumes will form.
with a glass rod dipped in ammonia hydroxide.
(b) Dilute sulphuric acid and conc.Sulphuric acid
Dil sulphuric acid conc.Sulphuric acid
Dilute sulphuric acid treated with zinc gives Hydrogen gas Conc. H2SO4 gives SO2 gas with zinc and the gas turns
which burns with pop sound. acidified potassium dichromate paper green.
Q4:Write the balanced chemical equations: when hot and concentrated sulphuric acid reacts with the following:
(a) Sulphur - S +2H2SO4 3SO2 + 2H2O
(b) NaOH - 2NaOH + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + 2H2O
(c) Sugar - C12H22O11 12C + 11H2O
(d) Carbon - C +2H2SO4 CO2 + 2H2O + 2SO2
(e) Copper - Cu + H2SO4 CuSO4 + 2H2O + SO2
Q5: Why is:(a) Concentrated sulphuric acid kept in air tight bottles? - Concentrated sulphuric acid is hygroscopic in
nature. It absorbs moisture when exposed to air and becomes dilute. Hence, it is stored in air tight bottles.
(b) H2SO4 is not a drying agent for H2S? - Sulphuric acid is not a drying agent for H2S because it reacts with H2S to
form sulphur. H2SO4+H2S 2 H2O+SO2+S
(c) Sulphuric acid used in the preparation of HCl and HNO3? Give equation in both cases - Concentrated sulphuric acid
is a non-volatile acid. It does not get vaporize along with the vapors of HCl and HNO3.. Hence, it is used for preparing
volatile acids like Hydrochloric acid and Nitric acids from their salts by double decomposition.
NaCl+H2SO4 NaHSO4 +HCl NaNO3 +H2SO4 NaHSO4 +HNO3
Q6: What property of conc. H2SO4 is made use of in each of the following cases? Give an equation for the reaction in
each case
(a) In the production of HCl gas when it reacts with a chloride: non-volatile acid.
NaCl+ H2SO4 NaHSO4 + HCl
(b) In the preparation of CO from HCOOH- dehydrating agent. HCOOH CO + H2O
(c) As a source of hydrogen by diluting it and adding a strip of magnesium-acidic property
Mg + H2SO4 MgSO4+H2
(d) In the preparation of sulphur dioxide by warming a mixture of conc. Sulphuric acid and copper –turnings- oxidizing
character Cu +H2SO4 CuSO4 +2H2O +SO2
(e) Hydrogen sulphide gas is passed through concentrated sulphuric acid
(f) Its reaction with (i) ethanol : C2H50H → C2H2 + H20
(ii) carbon : C + H2SO4 → CO2 + 2H2O + 2SO2
Q7:What is the name given to the salts of: (a) Sulphurous acid - Hydrogen sulphite and Sulphites. (b) Sulphuric
acid - Sulphate and bisulphate
Q8:Give reasons for the following:(a) Sulphuric acid forms two types of salts with NaOH - Two types of salts are formed
when sulphuric acid reacts with NaOH because sulphuric acid is dibasic acid.It forms one acid salt and one normal salt.
i) NaOH + H2SO4 NaHSO4 + H2O ii) 2NaOH + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + 2H2O
(b) Red brown vapours are produced when concentrated sulphuric acid is added to hydrogen bromide - When
hydrogen bromide reacts with sulphuric acid, the bromine gas is obtained which produce red brown vapours.
(c) A piece of wood becomes black when concentrated sulphuric acid is poured on it - A piece of wood becomes black
when concentrated sulphuric acid is poured on it because concentrated sulphuric acid is a strong dehydrating agent.it
removes elements of water and forms a mass of carbon.
(d) Brisk effervescence is seen when oil of vitriol is added to sodium carbonate- When sulphuric acid is added to
sodium carbonate, it liberates carbon dioxide which produces brisk effervescence.
Q9:Copy and complete the following table:
 Substance reacted with acid Dilute or conc. acid Gas
Hydrogen
Carbon dioxide
Only chlorine

Substance reacted with acid Dilute or concentrated acid Gas

Substance reacted with acid Dilute or concentrated sulphuric acid Gas
Zinc Dilute sulphuric acid Hydrogen
Calcium carbonate Concentrated sulphuric acid Carbon dioxide
Bleaching power CaOCl2 Dilute sulphuric acid only chlorine
Q10: Give the odour of gas evolved and name the gas produced when sodium sulphide is added to solution of HCl in
water - Hydrogen sulphide gas is produced. It has rotten egg like smell.
Q11(a): Which property of sulphuric acid accounts for its use as a dehydrating agent - Sulphuric acid is powerful
dehydrating agent on account of its strong affinity towards water.
Question 11(b): Concentrated sulphuric acid is both an oxidizing agent and a non-volatile acid. Write one equation.
Each to illustrate the above mentioned properties of sulphuric acid.
i. Oxidising agent: S + 2H2SO4(conc.) 3SO2 +2H2O
ii. Non-volatile acid: H2SO4 (conc.) + NaCl → NaHSO4 + HCl
Q12:Some properties of sulphuric acid are listed below. Choose the property A, B, C or D which is responsible for the
reactions (i) to (v). Some properties may be repeated:
A. Acid B. Dehydrating agent C. Non-volatile acid D. Oxidising agent

(i) C12H22O11 +nH2SO4 12C + 11H2O + nH2SO4 B

(ii) S + 2H2SO4 3SO2 +2H2O D
(iii) NaCl +H2SO4 NaHSO4 + HCl C
(iv) CuO + H2SO4 CuSO4 +H2O A
(v) Na2CO3 + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + H2O +CO2 A
Q:13(a) Name the acid formed when sulphur dioxide dissolves in water. - sulphurous acid.
(b) Name the gas released when sodium carbonate is added to a solution of sulphur dioxide. - Carbondioxide gas
Q2008: a)Dilute sulphuric acid will produce a white precipitate when added to a solution of:
i. Copper nitrate ii. Zinc nitrate iii. Lead nitrate iv. Sodium - nitrate - iii

b) Identify the following substance: Liquid E can be dehydrated to produce ethene- Ethanol.
c. Copy and complete the following table relating to an important industrial process and its final output.
Name of process Inputs Catalyst Equation for catalysed reaction output
Contact process Sulphur dioxide + oxygen
Name of process Inputs Catalyst Equation for catalyzed reaction output
Contact process Sulphur dioxide + oxygen V2O5 2SO2 + O2 ⇄ 2SO3
d) Making use only of substances given: dil. sulphuric acid, sodium carbonate, zinc, sodium sulphite, lead, calcium
carbonate: Give equations for the reactions by which you could obtain:
i. hydrogen ii. sulphur dioxide iii. carbon dioxide iv. zinc carbonate [2 steps]
I) Zn + dil. H2SO4→ ZnSO4 + H2
II) Na2SO3 + dil. H2SO4→ Na2SO4 + H2O + SO2
III) Na2CO3 + dil. H2SO4→ Na2SO4 + H2O + CO2
IV) a) Zn + dil. H2SO4→ ZnSO4 + H2 b) ZnSO4 + Na2CO3→ ZnCO3 + Na2SO4
e. What property of conc. H2SO4 : i. is used in the action when sugar turns black in its presence - dehydrating property.
ii. allows it to be used in the preparation of HCl and HNO3 acids. - non-volatile nature
f) Write the equations for: i. dil. H2SO4 and barium chloride ii. dil. H2SO4 and sodium sulphide H2SO4 +
BaCl2 → BaSO4 + 2HCl ii) H2SO4 + Na2S → Na2SO4 + H2S
Q2009:a. Name the gas evolved [formula is not acceptable]. The gas that can be oxidised to sulphur - Hydrogen
Sulphide.
Q2010:a. Give the equation for: i. Heat on sulphur with conc. sulphuric acid -
S + H2SO4 → 3SO2 +2H2O.
ii.Reaction of sugar with conc.sulphuric acid C12H22O11 + conc.H2SO4 →12C+ 11H2O
b. Give a balanced equation for the conversion of zinc oxide to zinc sulphate.
 ZnO + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2O.
c. Select the correct answer from A, B, C.
A. Sodium hydroxide solution B. A weak acid C. Dilute sulphuric acid. - (C)
Q2011: a. State your observation when - Sugar crystals are added to a hard glass test tube containing
conc. sulphuric acid - Charring of sugar takes place. Sulphuric acid dehydrates sugar leaving behind carbon which is
black in colour.
b. Choose the correct answer from the choices:
The gas evolved when dil. sulphuric acid reacts i. Hydrogen sulphide ii. Sulphur dioxide
with iron sulphide: iii. Sulphur trioxide iv. Vapour of sulphuric acid
i. Hydrogen sulphide
c. Give a balanced equation for: i. dilute sulphuric acid is poured over sodium sulphite:
Na2SO3 + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + H2O + SO2
ii. Manufacture of sulphuric acid by the - contact process.

d. State the property of sulphuric acid shown by the reaction of conc. sulphuric acid when heated with: i. potassium
nitrate - Non-volatile nature ii. carbons - oxidising agent
Q2012:a. Name - The gas produced on reaction of dilute sulphuric acid with a metallic sulphide -
Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S).
b. Some properties of sulphuric acid are listed below. Choose the role played by sulphuric acid as A, B, C or D which
is responsible for the reactions (i) to (v). Some role/s may be repeated. 1. Dilute acid 2 Dehydrating agent
3. Non-volatile acid
4. Oxidising agent

i. (B) ii. (D) iii. (C) iv. (A) v. (D)

c. Give balanced equation for the reaction: Zinc sulphide and dilute sulphuric acid.
ZnS + dil.H2SO4→ ZnSO4 + H2S
Q2013:a. State one appropriate observation for: Conc. H2SO4 is added to a crystal of hydrated copper sulphate-
when Conc. H2SO4 is added to a crystal of hydrated copper sulphate ,it removes water of crystallisation from salt
and changes it to blue crystalline to white powder.
b. In the given equation - S + 2H2SO4→ 3SO2 + 2H2O (Identify the role played by conc. H2SO4)
i. Non-volatile acid ii. Oxidising agent iii. Dehydrating agentS iv. None of the above ii. Oxidising agent

c. Give a balanced equation for: Dehydration of concentrated sulphuric acid with sugar crystals -
C12H22O11 + Conc. H2SO4 → 12C + 11H2O
d. Identify the substance underlined: A dilute mineral acid which forms a white precipitate when treated with barium
chloride solution- Sulphuric acid (H2SO4)
Q2014: a. Write balanced equations for the following: Action of concentrated sulphuric acid on carbon -
C + 2H2SO4(conc.) → CO2 + 2H2O + 2SO2.
b. Distinguish between the following pairs of compounds using the test given within brackets. Dilute sulphuric acid
and dilute hydrochloric acid [using barium chloride solution].
 Dilute sulphuric acid dilute hydrochloric acid
Sulphuric acid precipitates the insoluble sulphate of barium Dilute HCl does not react with barium chloride solution, a
from the solution of barium chloride. thus, no precipitate is produced in the reaction.
c. State the conditions required for the following reactions to take place: The conversion of sulphur dioxide
to sulphur trioxide -The conditions for the conversion of sulphur dioxide to sulphur trioxide is as follows:
Temperature: 450-500° C Catalyst: V2O5
d. Give one equation each to show the following properties of sulphuric acid :
i. Dehydrating property - C12H22O11 + Conc. H2SO4 → 12C + 11H2O
ii. Acidic nature - Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2↑
iii. As a non-volatile acids - NaCl + H2SO4(conc.) → NaHSO4 + HCl.
Q2015: (a) In the manufacture of sulphuric acid by contact process, give the equations for the conversion of sulphur
trioxide to sulphuric acid.
i) SO3 + H2SO4 → H2S2O7 ii) H2S2O7 + H2O → 2H2SO4
(b) Give equations for the action of sulphuric acid on
(i) Potassium hydrogen carbonate: 2KHCO3+ H2SO4→ K2SO4+ 2H2O + 2CO2↑
(ii) Sulphur- S + 2H2SO4→ 3SO2 + 2H2O
(c) Identify the acid in each case:
(i) Acid which produces sugar charcoal from sugar - Concentrated sulphuric acid
(ii) Acid on mixing with lead nitrate solution produces white ppt. which is insoluble even on heating -
Concentrated sulphuric acid.