GRAPHOLOGY

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GOODHOLY

!
Graphology
and Vocabulary
GRAPHOLOG
Y
It is the study of a language writing system
or orthography as seen in various kinds of
handwriting or typography.
GRAPHOLOG
Y
• The invention of publishing in the 15th century
revolutionized the reproduction of written texts.

• The MODERN texts tend to use modern style.


PUNCTUATION
AND SPELLING
BAB I
BAB II

PUNCTUATION
• Punctuations is how we perceive a
sentence is closely connected to the way it
is punctuated. But conventions of
punctuation, both within words and
between them, have changed over the
centuries.
BAB I
BAB II

PUNCTUATION
• In 16th century they were using
punctuations but their purpose was
elocutionary not syntactical.
• During the 17th century this began to
change.
BAB I BAB II BAB III

SPELLING

• How words are spelt, too, changes over time.

• Written texts varied enormously in terms of spelling


as well as punctuation.
BAB I BAB II BAB III

SPELLING

• During the early part of 15th century,


English replaced Latin and French as the
language of official documents.

• Printing Press by William Caxton in 1476,


became more widespread from 17th
century up until now.
BAB I BAB II BAB III

SPELLING

• In the 18th century, Samuel Johnson


wrote the First English Dictionary.

• Before 18th century , the variation of


the spelling was accepted and
tolerated.
BAB I BAB II BAB III BAB IV

Example: William Shakespeare

Shakespeare – Shappere
Shappere – Shaxberd
William Shakespeare – Willm Shakp / Willm
Shakpere
BAB I BAB II BAB III BAB IV

Generally speaking, the more unfamiliar a


text appears in terms of its spelling and it
use of words, the older it will probably be.
BAB I BAB II BAB III BAB IV BAB V

VOCABULARY

• Vocabulary is a list or collection of the words or


phrases of a language.

• New words are entering the English language all the


time, just as other fall out of use.

• There is no single reason why vocabulary changes,


but several.
BAB I BAB II BAB III BAB IV BAB V

VOCABULARY

• Changes in work practices in an area such as


printing.

 Word processing
 Mouse
 Hardware
 Software
BAB I BAB II BAB III BAB IV BAB V

VOCABULARY

• Changes in difficult areas of vocabulary happen at


different rates, for example SLANG.

INTERNET SLANGS

 ATM (At the moment)


 BTW (By the way)
 BRB (Be right back)
THANK YOU
&
GOODHOLY!

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