Try in FPD

Try in and
cementation of
crown and bridge
 When the laboratory procedures have been completed the
restoration is ready to be evaluated in the patient’s mouth
before final finishing and cementation.
Try in procedure:
The recommended sequence for try in of crown or bridge is as
follows:
1. Proximal contacts.
2. Marginal integrity.
3. Stability.
4. Occlusion.
5. Characterization and glazing.
1-Proximal Contact:
Tight Light
Interfere with correct
Food impaction
seating of the restoration
Discomfort Gingival irritation
Difficult to floss Failure of prosthesis

 The restoration is placed on the tooth and seated with finger
pressure, occlusal pressure (bite) should not be used because
forcing the restoration onto the tooth at this time may make it
extremely difficult to remove.
 Ifboth proximal contacts feel too tight, the tighter contact

should be adjusted first. Some times this will relieve the
pressure on the second contact, precluding the need for its
adjustment.
 A thin coating of a pressure indicator
such as occlude (pascal) can be applied
to the prosthesis before seating to
reveal the exact location of the contact,
red pencil or thin marking tape also can
be applied.
 A tight proximal contact in unglazed

porcelain is easily adjusted with a
cylindrical stone.
 While tight proximal contact of base

metal is adjusted using blue wheel.
2- Marginal adaptation
After the proximal contacts have been corrected the restoration is
seated and the margins are examined closely. An acceptable margin
is not overextended, under extended, too thick, or open.
A margin is generally considered to be open if the gap is greater than

50 µm which means the tip of a sharp explorer can be inserted
between the restoration and tooth.
A restoration that rocks perceptibly on the tooth can not have closed
margins on both sides at once.
Poor marginal adaptation results in:
1.Cement dissolution
2.Plaque retention
3.Recurrent caries
4.Subgingival defective margins compromise the gingival health
by an alteration in local bacteria
 Poor fit can present as a gap or an overhanging margin
(positive ledge) or deficient margin (negative ledge).
 Overextended margins and positive ledges may be corrected
by adjusting the crown from its axial surface until it is possible
to pass a probe from tooth to crown without it catching.
 A larger problem, necessitating that the crown be remade if it
is unacceptable, occurs when a margin remains deficient or
has a negative ledge.
a) Marginal discrepancy caused by an overextended lingual
margin; b) Reduce the overextension from the axial surface not
from underneath; and c) Seating achieved with the axial bulk
removed, incorrect adjustment results in a deficient margin
3- Stability
The restoration should then be assessed for stability on the

prepared tooth. It should not rock or rotate when force is applied.
Any degree of instability is likely to cause failure during
function. If instability is caused by a small positive nodule, this
can usually be corrected; however, if it is caused by distortion, a
new casting is necessary.
4- Occlusal adjustment
After the restoration has been seated and the margin integrity
and stability are acceptable, the occlusal contact with the
opposing teeth is carefully checked.
Any undesirable eccentric contact as well as centric
interference must be identified and removed.
 Only restorations in supra occlusion can be adjusted. For those
that are out of occlusion, there is no satisfactory solution other
than remaking (if in metal) or adding porcelain and re firing (if
a metal ceramic restoration).
 To provide a basis for comparison the patient is instructed to
close into the customary position of maximal intercuspation
with the restoration removed. The position of the teeth and the
completeness of closure and contact are noted.
• A pair of teeth near the prepared tooth where the patient
can hold a strip of 13 µm shim stock is located.
• The restoration is inserted and it is determined whether
the patient can still hold the strip between the same pair
of nearby teeth, if not the crown is high in the intercuspal
position.
Mark any interferences that are detected. Have the patient close
on articulating ribbon or tape.
Adjust the marked interferences with the
diamond rotary instrument or white stone, always checking the
thickness of the casting with calipers before an adjustment is
made.
Use two colors of ribbon for the different types of movement.
Excursive movements and interferences are first marked in one color
(e.g., green or blue ).
Then a different color (e.g., red) is inserted for centric contacts. Any
excursive interferences (i.e., green marks not covered by red) are
adjusted with the diamond or white stone.
Characterization and glazing.
Contours

Improper contours may impair gingival health and detract from a
natural appearance. They must be corrected before cementation,
excessive convexity near the gingival margin promotes
accumulation of plaue.
Esthetic

The restoration should be viewed from a conversational distance
to determined if its contours harmonize with the rest of the
patient's dentition.
The patient should be allowed to look in a mirror so that any
objections to the appearance can be dealt with before the
restoration is cemented.
Surface texture characterization

When the contour of the restoration has been finalized, the next
goal is to duplicate the surface detail of the patient’s natural teeth.
Dry the teeth, and examine their surfaces carefully.
Perikymata and defects can be

simulated by grinding the porcelain
with a diamond stone of
appropriate texture. (Be careful not
to overemphasize such details.)
Flat or concave areas reflect light in
a characteristic manner, producing
highlights.
Special illusions
An FDP pontic may be very long because of loss of supporting
bone. Simulating a root surface can partially improve the
appearance. The root extension is contoured for length and width,
and then an orange-brown mixture is placed over the extension.
Pink stain can be used to simulate gingival tissue, but results are
better with pink body porcelain.
Stained crack line Cracked enamel stains quickly on natural
teeth. An orange-brown mixture applied in as thin a line as
possible will effectively simulate a crack.
CEMENTATION
 The mechanisms that hold a restoration on a prepared
tooth can be divided into: non-adhesive (mechanical)
luting, micromechanical bonding, and molecular adhesion.
Bonding Mechanisms
Non-adhesive luting
 served primarily to fill the gap and prevent entrance of
fluids
Molecular adhesion
 involves physical forces and chemical bonds between
molecules of two different substances
Micromechanical bonding
 necessary deep irregularities can be produced on enamel
surfaces by etching with phosphoric acid solution or gel;
on ceramics, by etching with hydrofluoric acid; and on
metal, by electrolytic / chemical etching, and sandblasting
TYPES OF CEMENTS
1. Zinc Phosphate Cement
 possesses high
compressive strength
 exhibits a pH of 3.5 at
the time of cementation
which contributes to
pulpal irritation
 needs cavity varnish to
reduce exposure of pulp
to the cement
2. Polycarboxylate Cement
 higher tensile strength
(resistance to lengthwise
stress)
 pH is also low (4.8)
 cause little pulpal irritation
 shows moderately high bond
strength to enamel and
dentin
 bonds to stainless steel, but
not to gold

3.
cause
Zinc
no
Oxide
pulpal
Eugenol
inflammation as long as
they make no direct
contact with the pulp
 used as temporary
cements
 more soluble than zinc
phosphate
 deteriorates more rapidly
in the mouth than other
cements
4. Glass Ionomer Cement
 composed mainly of
calcium fluoro-
aluminosilicate glass
 compressive strength
and tensile strength are
quite good
 bacteriostatic
 releases fluoride at a
greater rate than silicate
cement
 pH is lower than zinc
phosphate which
cause post cementation -varnish is not recommended
hypersensitivity -weakened by early
exposure to moisture
5. Resin Luting Cement
 composed of resin matrix and a
filler of fine inorganic particles
 low filler content and low
viscosity
 virtually insoluble and much
stronger than conventional
cements
 high tensile strength makes
them useful for
micromechanically bonding
etched ceramic veneers -problems encountered include
 dentin bonding agent is excessive cement film thickness,
necessary prior to resin cement marginal leakage because of
application setting shrinkage, and severe
pulpal reactions when applied to
vital dentin
6. Hybrid Ionomer Cements
 glass filler particles
react with the liquid
during the hardening
process
 combined the strength

and insolubility of
resin with the fluoride
release of glass
ionomer
STEPS IN CEMENTATION
Mix the cement in circular motion
Consistency of the cement should not be
too flowy or too sticky
A B
The inner walls of the crown are coated with a thin layer of
cement using the small end of an instrument (A)
or a brush (B).
Insert the crown on the abutment
Remove excess cement
Proximal contacts are tested with dental floss to
remove excess cement and ensure proper
interproximal spaces in between teeth

Try in FPD

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Try in and

Difficult to floss Failure of prosthesis

 Ifboth proximal contacts feel too tight, the tighter contact

 A tight proximal contact in unglazed

 While tight proximal contact of base

A margin is generally considered to be open if the gap is greater than

The restoration should then be assessed for stability on the

Perikymata and defects can be

 combined the strength

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