RELINING, REBASING AND

REPAIR OF DENTURES

Dr. Zarah Siddiqui

MSc. Resident
Dept. of Prosthodontics
DIKIOHS, DUHS
Relining
The procedure used to resurface the tissue surface
of a denture with new base material to make the
denture fit more accurately. -- GPT
Or
The process of adding base material to the tissue
surface of the denture in a quantity sufficient to fill
the space, which exist between the original denture
contour and the altered tissue contour. SHARRY

Rebasing
Rebasing is a process of replacing all the base
material of a denture. Only the original teeth and
their arrangement remain.
Or
It consists of replacing all of the denture base with
new material. -- SHARRY
Objectives
The main objectives of relining or rebasing are
to:

Re-establish the correct relation of the

denture to basal tissue.

Restore stability and retention

Restore lost occlusal and maxillo-mandibular

relationship.
 Common Indications for
Imperfection in the denture base
Defects in the impression surface of the denture due to

Relining and Rebasing

Improper handling of the tissues during impression
making.
Processing defects
Porosities, shrinkage/contraction, gaseous, granular.
Crazing of the material
Alveolar resorption
Continued resorption of the residual alveolar ridge under the
complete denture.
Decreased occlusal vertical dimension
Due to faulty techniques
Immediate dentures
Regular periodic relines are required
Socioeconomic constraints
New denture costs are unaffordable

Physical/ mental state of the patient.

Chronically ill patients
Geriatrics
Mentally compromised individuals
CONTRAINDICATIONS:
Excessive resorption of the alveolar ridge
Highly inflamed/ abused soft tissues
Poor, unacceptable esthetics
TMJ problems
Unsatisfactory jaw relation
Horizontal, vertical and orientation
relations
Severe osseous undercuts which require
surgical correction
Severe speech problems
General Complaints
After a period of successful denture wear the patient
complains of
Looseness
Ill-fitting dentures with loss of stability and
retention.
General soreness and inflammation
Chewing inefficiency over a period of time
Aesthetic problems.

General Consideration Prior to

Relining Or Rebasing
Satisfactory VDO
CO should coincide with CR.
Satisfactory esthetics
Healthy oral tissues
Adequate denture base extensions
Adequate load distribution on the basal seat
Satisfactory speech
Suitable/healthy soft tissues with out undercuts
 Materials
1. PMMA
Heat cured acrylic resin
Cold cured acrylic resin
2. Modifications of PMMA
Butyl meth acrylate
3. Soft liners/ tissue conditioners
Plasticized acrylic resin
Chemically activated. short term denture
liners
Heat activated. long term denture liners

Vinyl resins
Silicone materials
Chemically activated
Heat activated
 Pretreatment Procedures
The clinical procedures of relining and rebasing
includes both tissue and denture preparations
1.Tissue Preparation:
A). Tissue Rest:
1. Instruct the patient to leave the old dentures out of
the mouth at least 8 hours preferably at night.
2. The dentures should be left out of the mouth at
least two to three days before making the final
impression.
3. Massage of the soft tissues two or three times a
day to stimulate the blood supply and aid recovery.
B) Use of Tissue Conditioner
1. Extensive tissue abuse
2. Pt. cannot leave the dentures out for tissue
recovery.
3. Transmission of masticatory forces to the
supporting mucosa are equalized by eliminating
isolated pressure spots typical of a loose, ill fitting
denture.
4. The material is renewed periodically every 3 to 7 days.
5. When the tissues had returned to a clinically
discernible healthy state, the patient is scheduled for
making the impression.
C). Surgical management:
Excessive hypertrophic tissue should be surgically
removed. The denture can be used as a surgical splint.

Denture Preparation
1. Balanced occlusion to ensure that uneven contact does not
bring about a bodily shift or tilt of the denture when the
patient is asked to close together.
2. Reduction of sharp and overextended borders.
3. Pressure areas in the tissue surface of the dentures should
be relieved.
4. Borders should be shortened to allow space for new
impression material.
5. All undercuts should be removed.
 Techniques
Clinical procedures

Static Methods:

Open Mouth Technique

Closed Mouth Technique

Functional Method

Laboratory procedures

Articulator Method

Jig Method

Flask Method

Chair side technique

 Clinical procedures
Static Method-
Open Mouth Technique:-
Given by Carl O. Boucher.
Reining & rebasing of both upper & lower dentures at the
same time.
Dentures are used as special trays for making secondary
impression. ZnOE is the material of choice , then the
impressions are made.
After impression a new Centric Relation is recorded.

Advantages:
Selective Trimming helps to make selective pressure
impression.
Interoccusal record is reliabe b/c jaw relation is under
consideration.
Disadvantages:
Difficult procedure b/c more clinical and lab work is
involved.
 Closed Mouth Technique:-
Relining or rebasing can not be done simultaneously for maxillary &
mandibular dentures.
There are 4 techniques:-
i. Technique A
ii. Technique B
iii.Technique C
iv.Technique D.

Centric relation (inter-occlusal record) is recorded using wax or

compound 1.5 to 2 mm relief should be given to large undercuts.
Borders are reduced by 1 to 2 mm excepted the posterior region.

The centre portion of the palate in the denture can be removed for
visibility in positioning the maxillary denture during impression
making.
 Functional Method:- Given by Winkler.
Dentures are not required for laboratory procedures.
Fluid Resin (tissue conditioners) are used as impression material.
Tissue conditioners are usually soft liners with following
characteristics :-
o Easy to use.
o Excellent for refitting C.D.
o Capable for retaining for man weeks.
o Good in dimensional stability.
o Good in bonding to resin denture base.
Procedure-
Avoid night wear of the denture.
Occlusal errors should be corrected so Centric Occlusion coincides
with Centric Relation.
Tissue surface is reduced to accommodate tissue conditioning
material.
Tissue surface is dried & tissue conditioning material is placed. It
should flow evenly as a thin layer to cover the entire impression
surface of denture & its borders.

.
Now the denture is inserted & the patients mandible is
guided to Centric Relation, in order to stabilize the denture
& the material is allowed to set . Once the material is set
impression is removed & excess material is trimmed.

If poor recording of borders has been done b/c of un-

supported area the border moulding is done with green
stick compound.
After 3 to 5 days dentures are examined for depressed
areas which should be relieved. The material should be
renewed periodically (once in a week) till tissue healing is
complete.
Then impression with ZnOE is taken over the tissue
conditioner material & a cast is poured immediately. During
the previous visit an accurate orientation record of
maxillary denture should be recorded using a Face Bow.
 Laboratory procedures
Articulator method:-
Impression is obtained.
Cast is poured.
Maxillary cast is mounted on articulator with face bow.
Mandibular denture is mounted using an inter-occlusal
record, if occlusal discrepancy is present.
For relining the required amount of tissue surface of the
existing denture is trimmed always using an acrylic bur.
If rebasing is to be done, the denture base should be
trimmed to just leave 2 mm of acrylic around the
existing teeth.

After trimming the dentures are placed in the articulator

& waxed up without altering the vertical height.
 Jig method:-
Two types of jigs are there-
1.Hoopers Duplicator Having 3 pillars.

2. Jectron Jig Having 2 pillars.

Flask Method :-
Procedure-
CUD Reline

1. Check extensions 2. Indicate amount of

peripheral reduction required

3. Border Reduction 4. Tissue Conditioner preparation:

Peripheral reduction + Tissue surface
CUD Reline

5. Border Molding 6. Palatal surface vented

Completed after B. M.

7. Seat denture until wash

comes through vents 8. Final Impression
CUD Reline
Incorrect seating.
Improper plane of
orientation:
Not contacting teeth
Excess materals
No vents
Have patient close in
CR.
Place ZnO wash
CUD Reline
Trim
excess wax
beyond
anterior
line

ZnO wash. Posterior

palatal seal area
using impression Reline final
wax impression
Final Impression with PVS Final Impression with Rubber base
post palatal seal
combination
Identify in
impression, before
pouring it up.

Identify on
impression so
technician can
scribe the seal
CLD Reline
Complete
Denture method-
ZnO

Border
molding Rubber Base
completed Reline
Reline
Roughened
border to blend
new acrylic with
old. Wont show
finishing line

After
processing:
Relined cast: Do
Note junction
not separate
line
Reline

Trimmed and polished

Delivery of Reline
Examine:
Peripheral extensions
Delivery of Reline
Pressure Indicator
Paste (PIP)
Ask the patient to
bite on cotton
rolls for 5 min.
Rebasing of Complete Dentures

Def: It is a process of readaptation of a denture to the

underlying tissues by replacing the denture base material with
a new one without changing its occlusal relation.

Indications:
When the existing denture base is unsatisfactory e.g. stained,
crazed or porous.
Procedures:
An impression is made with the
denture and a cast is obtained.

An occlusal and incisal index of

the teeth is made in plaster using
Hooper duplicator The posts of the
lower part of the duplicator are
seated in the upper part to maintain
the relationship of the casts to the
plaster index.
 The denture with the impression material are
removed from the cast.

Artificial plastic teeth are sectioned from the

denture and all base material around the teeth is
removed. (porcelain teeth are removed by
flaming)

Teeth are placed and held in position in the index

using sticky wax on the labial and buccal surface.

A layer of base plate wax is placed over the

ridge of the cast.
 The upper part of the duplicator is closed and
denture teeth are waxed to the proper thickness
and contour to the cast.

The cast is removed, flasked and processed in

the usual manner.

After deflasking, the cast is reattached to the

upper part of the duplicator to adjust any occlusal
errors.

Occlusion of rebased denture is further

perfected by clinical remount.
Repair of Complete Dentures
 Dentures may fracture

during function dropped on hard

surface

Key of repair = accurate reassembling

& alignment of the broken parts in their
original position.
 Classification of fractured
dentures

I) According to location of fracture

Midline fracture Any part

fracture
 II) According to extent of fracture

Without broken With broken or

or missing part &/or
missing part teeth
&/or
teeth
III) According to timing of fracture

Early fracture Delayed fracture

IV) According to cause of

fracture

Operator Patient
 Midline fracture
(mainly in maxillary dentures)

Causes:

1) No or insufficient relief in the midline. (M.P.R.)

(Early fracture)

2) Ridge resorption with loss of relief effect. (Delayed

fracture)
 Procedures for repair of midline
fracture:

Broken parts are

assembled & fixed
together with sticky
wax on the polished
surface.

Assembled parts may

be strengthened with
burs or plastic sticks.
 Procedures for repair of midline
fracture:

Any undercut on the

fitting surface is blocked
out with wax or clay.

The fitting surface is

painted with separating
medium.
 Stone plaster is poured
into the fitting surface.
After stone setting, the
denture is removed from
the cast and cleaned from
any traces of sticky wax.
Fractured edges are
reduced, widened (8-10
mm) along the fracture
line and beveled towards
the polished surface to
increase bonding surface
area.
Dove tail cuts may be
made to strengthen the
repair joint.
 The cast is painted with
separating medium and the
denture is secured to the cast
with rubber bands.
Self cure A.R. is applied to the
modified fracture area until the
area is overfilled.
N.B. An alternate method is to
wax and contour the fracture line
to the desired form using base
plate wax, followed by flasking,
wax elimination, packing with self
cure A.R. and placing in the flask
under press for 2 hrs.
Deflasking, finishing and
polishing is then done in the
 Relief of the median palatine raphea.
Reline if needed

Remake in some cases.

 Any part fracture
Main cause is falling on the ground or the sink during
cleaning.

Types:

I- Fracture with no missing part

Repaired as mentioned.
II- Fracture with missing or lost part

Procedures:
An impression is made
with the denture placed
in patient mouth.
After pouring the cast,
either self cure A.R. is
applied to replace the
missing part, or wax is
added and carved to
resemble the broken
denture part, followed by
flasking, packing, curing,
finishing & polishing.
III- Fracture with broken or missing
teeth

Procedures:
Fractured teeth are
cut away with burs.
On the lingual side,
enough acrylic is
removed and dove
tailed.
Teeth of same size,
shape & shade are
positioned in proper
alignment and waxed
with base plate wax.
 A plaster index (key) is made
to record & secure the position
of waxed teeth.
Teeth to be repaired are
removed together with all wax
around them.
Teeth are then put back
exactly in their original position
aided by plaster key.
Self cure acrylic resin is added
from the lingual side until repair
area is over built. It is then
covered with tin foil.
After curing, the index is
removed and the denture is
finished and polished.
Reference
Boucher's Prosthodontic Treatment for
Edentulous Patients.
Essentials of Complete Denture Prosthodontics
by Sheldon Winkler.
Eckert , Jacob and Zarb 13th edition
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