Chapter 6

Obtaining, Providing, and

Disseminating Information
“The goal of education is the advancement of knowledge and the
dissemination of truth”
- John F. Kennedy
 Lesson 1

Types, Major Parts and

Characteristics of
Information
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 In learning, obtaining information is
very significant since it is the first stage of
cognitive or learning process.
After obtaining information, a learner can
continue the cognitive process to varying
levelss. For instance, he or she
may accomplish
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 Basic cognitive processes by taking in
information and simply storing it in the
memory for later recall or remembering.
Significantly, providing information plays a
vital role in the field of eductation, career, life,
business, etc.
 “
As educators, one of the most important things
is to provide relevance for students. This
would give them a context within which they
can develop into engaged, motivated.

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and self-regulated learners because relevance
can help students realize how useful all
knowledge can be. “
Similarly, as a speaker, as a person, as a
learner, and as a businessman, the information
provided should be sufficient, reliable, valid
and accurate.
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 In this way, the listeners and receivers of the
message would believe the information given
which intellectuallydirect his or her actions and
decisions.

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 In like manner, disseminating information is
equally importantin learning, in life, in
business and in communication.
The purpose of dissemination is to influence
people’s behavior, so that they will adopt or at
least become

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aware of a new idea, product or service which
is being disseminated. The use of various
kinds of methods supporting each other is
important when planning dissemination.

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 Types and Parts of Information

Information – are knowledge that we get

about someone or something.
These are facts or details about a subject.
These are the knowledge and data obtained
from investigation, study or instruction,
sharing, listening, watching and reading.

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 Types of Information

There are many types of information we

receive each day, these are spiritual,
educational, printed or published, news, social
media posts, experiential and rumor.

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1. Educational Information – are knowledge
learned from the school through formal
instruction or through activities or process of
gaining knowledge or skills by studying,
practicing or experiencing something.

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2. Printed/Published Information – these are
information written in books, encyclopedia,
or other related references that contain
information on all branches of knowledge.

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3. Unpublished Information – these are
reported or investigated information from a
careful study or research that aimed at the
discovery and interpretation of facts, revision
of accepted theories or laws in the light of
new facts, or application of such new or
revised theories or laws.

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4. News – these are information reported in a
newspaper, magazine, television news
programs etc.
5. Social Media Posts – these are
information, ideas, personal messages, and
other content such as videos posted in
websites for social networking and
microblogging.
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6. Spiritual information – these are
information usuallyfrom a short talk on a
religious ormoral topic that are delivered or
shared by a priest, a religious practitioner,
evangelizer, etc.

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7. Experiential information – these are
knowledge gained from a long and eventful
life that give insights and lessons.

8. Rumor – information or story that is

passed from person to person but has not
proven to be true.
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 Parts of Information
Information is important to human being as
thid plays a vital role in communication.
Without a topic of information, conversation
will become flavorless. Information should
have three major parts

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1. Context – big picture
2. Content – details
3. Meaning – the impact
Context - is a part of a written or spoken
statement that precede or follow a specific
word or passage, usually influencing its
meaning or effect.

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In io n
t er t a t
pl pre
ay ter
Context In

Information

Content Meaning

Implementation 20
 It is the set of circumstances or facts that
surround a particular event, situation, etc. (ex.
misinterpretation of remarks because it was
taken out of context)
Content – is the information and
experiences that are directed towards and end-
user or audience.
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It is “something that is to be expressed
through some speech, writing or any of
various arts”. It is the amount of
information conveyed by a particular unit
of language in a particular context.

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 Meaning – is the message conveyed by
words, sentences, and symbols in a context. It
is only through meanings that we make a
sense of our existence. In life, we find
meaning through a sense of purpose which
makes life worthwhile.

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Frankl (1978) aptly pointed out, a firm sense
of meaning is essential for optimal human
development.

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 Characteristics of an Information
1. Relevant information - is capable of
making a difference in making a decision.
2. Valid information is more in-depth
information that allows a greater insight.
3. Reliable information is authentic,
consistent, infallible, or information that
suggests consistent dependability of
judgment or result.

4. Factual information is something

documented,established, confirmable,
supportable, sustainable, verifiable,
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indisputable, irrefutable, undeniable,
unquestionable, and undoubted.

Aside from these, the five characteristics

of high quality information are: accuracy,
completeness, consistency, uniqueness, and
timeliness.

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Information needs to be of high
quality to be useful and accurate as
well.

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 Activity 1

Directions: With you partner, write a topic of your interest

and identify the context, content and meaning of it. Draw
a circle following the figure you have seen in the
discussion and label them A, B, C respectively. Then write
inside the Circle A the context of your topic, Circle B, the
content, and circle C, the meaning.

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 Activity 2
Reflective Essay

Directions: In 3-5 sentences, react on the

information in your module on page 69. Identify
the characteristics of information evident.

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 Lesson 2
Obtaining, Providing and Disseminating of
Information

There are various information available around

that sometimes people easily believe and
unconsciously shared and
disseminated without further verification of
their accuracy and reliability. Because of this,
it resulted to miscommunication, conflicts
and dispute.
To avoid the occurrence of these unwanted
communication gap and misunderstanding,
information should

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be obtained accurately. The receiver of the
“
information on the other hand, have to verify,
validate and check the credibility of the source
before it will be disseminated to others.

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 Teachers and students can obtain
information in a number of ways. It can be
through interview, observation, test, surfing
the net, reading and watching news or any
documentary film etc. There are also other
ways to get information such as talking with
people, focus groups,

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personal interviews and surveys.

1. Interviewing
One convenient way to obtain information
about a topic is to conduct an informal
interview. The person’s goal is to discover the

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appropriate facts from a person who knows
them. To conduct a profitable interview, one
must follow this process:

a. prepare carefully
b. maintain a professional attitude
c. probe
d. record 36
2. Observing and Testing
In both observing and testing, someone is
carrying out a questioning strategy.

Observing is watching intentionally in

order to discover the elements in a situation.

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 Someone places himself or herself in the
situation to observe and record his or her
observations. When observing in order to
collect information, the basic facts should be
considered.

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3. Surveying
A survey is defined as a research method
“
used for collecting data from a pre-defined
group of respondents to gain information and
insights on various topics of interest. Surveys
have a variety of purposes and can be carried
out in many ways. This can be

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This can be done through telephone surveys,
mail surveys, email surveys, and internet
surveys.

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 Definition of Information Dissemination
Information dissemination means spreading of
information, knowledge, opinions widely to a
certain person, people or to a bigger group of
audience. The purpose of dissemination is to
influence people’s behavior, so that they will
adopt or at
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least become aware of a new ide, product or
service which is being disseminated. The use
of various kinds of methods supporting each
other is important when planning
dissemination.

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 Methods in Disseminating Information
Information should be disseminated
properly and accurately. Exact and sufficient
information are only the things to be provided
to the proper authority or person.

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1. News release – is a written or recorded
communication directed at members of the
“
news media for the purpose of announcing
something ostensibly newsworthy.

2. Blog – is a regularly updated website or

web page, typically one

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run by an individual or small group that is
written in an informal or conversational style.

3. Emails –
“
are messages distributed by
electronic means from one computer user to
one or more recipients via a network.

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4. Text message is a written message, often
containing short forms of words, sent from
one mobile phone to another.
5. Social networking websites or social
media is an online platform which people use
to build social networks or social relations
with

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other people who share similar personal or
career interests, activities, backgrounds or
real-life connections.

6. Public service announcements is a

message in the public interest disseminated
without charge, with
the objective of raising awareness of
and changing public attitudes and
behavior towards a social issue.
7. Door to door is a canvassing technique
that is generally used for sales marketing,
advertising, or campaigning, in which the
person or persons walk from the door of one
house to the door of another, trying to
inform, announce, sell or advertise a product
or service to the

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general public or gather information.

8. Community meetings is a small group

method of collecting information from
community members. It is used to provide a
directed but highly interactive discussion.
Similar to but less formal

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than a focus group, and it usually includes a
larger group.

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 Activity
Directions : On page 75 of your module, select a
situation where an information can be obtained,
provided and disseminated.

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Thank you
“for
Listening
and
Participating
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