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    Ideal Gas Law

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    Jomari Valenzuela
    The document discusses the ideal gas law, including: 1) Émile Clapeyron combined previous gas laws into the first gas equation of state for an ideal gas, PV=nRT, in 1834. 2) An ideal gas is defined as having negligible volume, no intermolecular forces, random motion according to Newton's laws, and perfectly elastic collisions. 3) The ideal gas law describes the relationship between pressure, volume, temperature, and moles of gas, with the constant R representing the gas constant.

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    Ideal Gas Law

    Uploaded by

    Jomari Valenzuela
    47 views16 pages
    The document discusses the ideal gas law, including: 1) Émile Clapeyron combined previous gas laws into the first gas equation of state for an ideal gas, PV=nRT, in 1834. 2) An ideal gas is defined as having negligible volume, no intermolecular forces, random motion according to Newton's laws, and perfectly elastic collisions. 3) The ideal gas law describes the relationship between pressure, volume, temperature, and moles of gas, with the constant R representing the gas constant.

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    Presentation on Gas Laws

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    IDEAL-GAS-LAW

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    The document discusses the ideal gas law, including: 1) Émile Clapeyron combined previous gas laws into the first gas equation of state for an ideal gas, PV=nRT, in 1834. 2) An ideal gas is defined as having negligible volume, no intermolecular forces, random motion according to Newton's laws, and perfectly elastic collisions. 3) The ideal gas law describes the relationship between pressure, volume, temperature, and moles of gas, with the constant R representing the gas constant.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    47 views16 pages

    Ideal Gas Law

    Uploaded by

    Jomari Valenzuela
    The document discusses the ideal gas law, including: 1) Émile Clapeyron combined previous gas laws into the first gas equation of state for an ideal gas, PV=nRT, in 1834. 2) An ideal gas is defined as having negligible volume, no intermolecular forces, random motion according to Newton's laws, and perfectly elastic collisions. 3) The ideal gas law describes the relationship between pressure, volume, temperature, and moles of gas, with the constant R representing the gas constant.

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    of 16

    IDEAL GAS LAW

    EMILE CLAPEYRON
    • Born in 1799. he was a French engineer and physicist and one of the
    founders of thermodynamics.
    • The law described how equal volumes of two gases,with the same
    temperature and pressure, contain an equal number of molecules. In
    1834, Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron combined the work of Boyle,
    Mariotte, Charles, and Gay-Lussac into an equation of state of a perfect
    (or ideal) gas and this is PV = RoT where Ro was a gas-dependent
    constant. In 1845, Victor Regnault cast Clapeyron's perfect gas equation
    into the familiar ideal gas equation form by applying Avagadro's
    hypothesis on the volume of one mole of an ideal gas, that is, PV = nRT
    IDEAL GAS
    • The ideal gas is defined as a hypothetical gaseous substance whose
    behavior is independent of attractive and repulsive forces and can be
    completely described by the ideal gas law.
    IDEAL GAS
    • Ideal gases are essentially pointed masses moving in constant,
    random, straight-line motion
    For a gas to be “ideal” there are four
    governing assumptions:
    1. The gas particles have negligible volume.
    2. The gas particles are equally sized and do not have intermolecular
    forces (attraction or repulsion) with other gas particles.
    3. The gas particles move randomly in agreement with Newton’s Laws
    of Motion.
    4. The gas particles have perfect elastic collisions with no energy loss.
    IDEAL GAS LAW
    • The Ideal Gas Law is a simple equation demonstrating the
    relationship between temperature, pressure, andvolume for gases.
    These specific relationships stem from all Simple Gas Laws
    IDEAL GAS EQUATION
    • The product of Pressure & Volume of a gas bears a constant relation
    with the product of Universal gas constant and the temperature.
    PV=nRT
    Where,
    P = pressure of the gas
    V = volume of the gas
    n = amount of the gas
    R= gas constant
    T = temperature of the gas
    Four Gas Variables:
    • P = pressure of the gas in atmosphere (atm)
    • V = volume of the gas in liters (L)
    • n = amount of the gas in moles (mol)
    • T = temperature of the gas in Kelvins (K)
    STANDARD TEMPERATURE AND
    PRESSURE (STP)
    • The universal value of STP is 1 atm (pressure) and 0 degree C. Note
    that this form specifically stated 0o C degree, not 273 Kelvin, even
    though you will have to convert into Kelvin when plugging this value
    into the Ideal Gas equation or any of the simple gas equations.
    • In STP, 1 mole of gas will take up 22.4 L of the volume of the
    container.
    UNITS OF P,V,T
    Factor Variable Units
    Atm
    Torr
    Pressure P
    Pa
    mmHg
    L (liter)
    Volume V
    m³ (cubic meter)
    Moles n mol
    Temperature T K
    COMMON UNITS OF PRESSURE

    Atmosphere atm 1 atm


    Millimeter of Mercury mmHg 760 mmHg
    Torr Torr 760 Torr
    Pascal Pa 101326 Pa
    Kilopascal kPa* 101.326 kPa
    Bar bar 1.01325 bar
    Millibar mb 1013.25 mb
    VALUE OF R
    Value of R (gas constant) will change when dealing with a different
    units of pressure and volume (Temperature factor is overlooked
    because the temperature will always be in Kelvin instead of Celsius
    when using the Ideal Gas equation)
    VALUE OF R
    When choosing a value of R, choose the one with the appropriate
    units of the given information (sometimes given units must be
    converted accordingly). Here are some commonly used values of R:
    Values of R
    0.082057 L atm mol K
    62.364 L Torr mol K
    8.3145 m3 Pa mol K
    8.3145 J mol K
    So, which value of R should I use?
    Because of the various value of R, you can use to solve a problem, it
    is crucial to match your units of Pressure, Volume, number of moles,
    and Temperature with the units of R.

    f you use the first value of R, which is 0.082057 L atm mol-1K-1, your
    unit for pressure must be atm, for volume must be liter, for
    temperature must be Kelvin.
    • If you use the second value of R, which is 62.364 L Torr mol-1K-1,
    your unit for pressure must be Torr, for volume must be liter, and for
    temperature must be Kelvin.
    How do you know the Ideal Gas Equation is the correct equation to
    use?
    sample problems

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