Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 90 views

    Building Materials AND Constructio N Iii: Study of Roof Structures

    Uploaded by

    Azra
    This document discusses different types of roofs and roof structures. It describes pitched roofs like gabled, hipped and shed roofs. It also discusses roof elements like ridges, hips, valleys and eaves. Trussed roofs are introduced, which use triangular structures like steel trusses for large spans without interior walls. Steel trusses use angles, channels and plates connected by rivets or welds. Different types of steel truss connections and sections are illustrated along with advantages of steel trusses like long spans and prefabrication.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Building Materials AND Constructio N Iii: Study of Roof Structures

    Uploaded by

    Azra
    90 views19 pages
    This document discusses different types of roofs and roof structures. It describes pitched roofs like gabled, hipped and shed roofs. It also discusses roof elements like ridges, hips, valleys and eaves. Trussed roofs are introduced, which use triangular structures like steel trusses for large spans without interior walls. Steel trusses use angles, channels and plates connected by rivets or welds. Different types of steel truss connections and sections are illustrated along with advantages of steel trusses like long spans and prefabrication.

    Original Title

    BMC III_PART 1

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses different types of roofs and roof structures. It describes pitched roofs like gabled, hipped and shed roofs. It also discusses roof elements like ridges, hips, valleys and eaves. Trussed roofs are introduced, which use triangular structures like steel trusses for large spans without interior walls. Steel trusses use angles, channels and plates connected by rivets or welds. Different types of steel truss connections and sections are illustrated along with advantages of steel trusses like long spans and prefabrication.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    90 views19 pages

    Building Materials AND Constructio N Iii: Study of Roof Structures

    Uploaded by

    Azra
    This document discusses different types of roofs and roof structures. It describes pitched roofs like gabled, hipped and shed roofs. It also discusses roof elements like ridges, hips, valleys and eaves. Trussed roofs are introduced, which use triangular structures like steel trusses for large spans without interior walls. Steel trusses use angles, channels and plates connected by rivets or welds. Different types of steel truss connections and sections are illustrated along with advantages of steel trusses like long spans and prefabrication.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    BUILDING

    MATERIALS
    AND
    CONSTRUCTIO
    N III
    STUDY OF ROOF
    ROOFS
    •Roofs may be pitched
    (angled), or "flat" (which, in
    reality, is very slightly
    angled).

    •Most roofs are pitched.


    There are many types of
    pitched roofs to suit
    different situations.

    •As a result, there are many


    variations on the basic
    design and numerous
    combinations of design
    elements with construction
    methods.

    STUDY OF ROOF
    TYPES OF PITCHED ROOFS
    •Roofs are usually defined
    according to their shape.

    • Each type can be built in


    different ways, and from
    different materials.

    GABLED
    •The roof slopes around a triangular
    extension of the end wall. This piece
    of roof is the gable.

    HIPPED
    •A hip is the joint between two
    adjacent slopes of a roof.

    STUDY OF ROOF
    SHED MANSARD
    •This simple roof has only one •A modified version of the
    slope. pitched roof that creates a
    •It is commonly used on lean-to spacious living area in the roof
    structures, such as additions space

    STUDY OF ROOF
    ROOF DETAILING
    •Ridges, hips and valleys
    are the corners or joints
    where a roof changes
    direction; they are the
    points at which pitched
    roofs meet.

    •Verges, abutments and


    eaves are the "edges" of
    a roof.

    •The eaves are horizontal


    joints between a roof
    and a wall, whereas the
    verges are angled joints
    between a roof and a
    gable wall.
    STUDY OF ROOF
    ROOFING TERMINOLOGY
    •Hip
    The external angle at the junction
    of two sides of a roof whose
    supporting walls adjoin.

    •Rafter
    A structural member (usually
    slanted) to which sheathing is
    nailed. •Ridge
    The horizontal line at the top edge of
    •Flashing two sloping roof planes.
    Sheet metal or other material
    used at junctions of different •Valley
    planes on a roof to prevent The less-than 180-degree angle where
    leakage. two sloping roof sections come
    together
    STUDY OF ROOF
    ROOFING TERMINOLOGY

    •Drip
    The strip of metal extending
    out beyond the eaves or
    rakes to prevent rainwater
    from rolling around the
    shingles back onto the
    wooden portion of the house.

    •Fascia
    Trim board behind the gutter
    and eaves. •Soffit
    The boards that enclose the underside of that
    portion of the roof which extends out beyond
    the sidewalls of the house.

    STUDY OF ROOF
    TRUSSED ROOFS
    • When the span exceeds and when there are no inside supporting walls or
    partitions for the purlins, the framed structures, known as trusses are used.

    •The arrangement and sizes of various members of a steel truss depend on the
    span, loading and wind

    STUDY OF ROOF
    STEEL TRUSS ROOF
    • Steel trusses are built on exactly
    the same principles as wooden
    trusses.
    •For spans greater than 12m, it
    becomes economical to use the
    steel trusses.
    •Steel trusses are generally built of
    angles, channels, plates etc.
    •For small spans, the steel trusses
    consists of angles riveted or welded
    together through plates known as
    gusset plates.
    •As steel can resist both the
    stresses, compression and tension,
    the design of steel truss is riveted
    simplified.

    STUDY OF ROOF
    STEEL TRUSS ROOF
    TYPES OF TRUSSES

    Flat trusses Pitched, or common


    (parallel-chord or girders), are trusses are used to build
    used to construct flat roofs. sloped-roofs.

    STUDY OF ROOF
    STEEL TRUSS ROOF
    •All types of trusses have the same basic
    components and structure. The name
    "truss" describes a triangular design,
    which may range from a simple
    individual triangle to a large number of
    interconnected units.

    •The outside framing members are


    known as chords, while the smaller
    connecting members are called webs.

    •A point where the truss rests on a load-


    bearing wall is known as a bearing point,
    and a king post is a vertical support that
    divides the bottom chord on many types
    of trusses.

    STUDY OF ROOF
    STEEL TRUSS ROOF

    STUDY OF ROOF
    STEEL TRUSS ROOF

    STUDY OF ROOF
    TYPES OF ROOF TRUSSES
    •KING POST TRUSS
    In this type, the central post,
    known as king post, forms a
    support for the tie-beam. The
    inclined members, known as the
    struts, prevent the principal rafters
    from bending in the middle.

    •QUEEN POST TRUSS


    This truss differs from king post
    truss in having two vertical
    members, known as the queen
    posts. The upper ends of the
    queen posts are kept in position by
    means of a horizontal member
    known as a straining beam.

    STUDY OF ROOF
    STEEL TRUSS ROOF – MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
    •SLENDER OR TUBULAR MEMBERS
    •METAL BARS/ANGLES/CHANNELS
    •RIVETS, WELDS
    • GUSSET PLATE
    •ASSEMBLING APPARATUS

    STUDY OF ROOF
    TYPES OF STEEL TRUSS CONNECTIONS
    PINNED / BOLTED CONNECTION GUSSET PLATE CONNECTION

    STUDY OF ROOF
    TUBULAR SECTIONS
    WELDED CONNECTION

    PINNED CONNECTION
    •(HOLLOW STRUCTURAL SECTIONS)- HSS
    •A type of metal profile with a hollow tubular cross
    section.
    •Members can be circular, square, rectangular
    sections.
    •Dimensions - based on exterior dimensions of the
    profile.
    •Wall thickness is uniform around the section.
    STUDY OF ROOF
    ANGULAR SECTIONS
    •Mild steel angle is a length of steel or iron that
    is bent at a right angle.
    •Also known as the L-channels.
    •They can be made either from a single piece of
    iron or steel bent lengthwise to a particular
    angle -- usually 90 degrees . TOE
    • The larger the steel angle, the more weight
    and stress it can bear. 
    ROOT

    TYPES

    EQUAL UNEQUAL
    ANGLES ANGLES

    STUDY OF ROOF
    ADVANTAGES OF STEEL TRUSSES
    100% non-combustible
    Long clear-span capabilities
    Limitless roof and ceiling profiles--just like wood trusses
    Lightweight
    Does not promote the growth or spread of mold
    Pre-engineered and pre-fabricated by truss professionals
    Compatible with almost any decking/roofing system
    Provides point values toward "Green" buildings
    REFERENCES:
    http://chestofbooks.com/architecture/Construction-Superintendence/Chapter-II-T
    ypes-Of-Steel-Trusses.html#ixzz20ySOLRb5
    Types of Roof Trusses | eHow.com 
    http://www.ehow.com/about_5456200_types-roof-trusses.html#ixzz20yQZjvrE
    STUDY OF ROOF

    You might also like