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    Stresses On Inclined Plane

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    Mustafa Zahid
    1) The document describes stresses on inclined planes within solids, including normal and shear stress formulas for inclined planes based on an applied axial load. 2) Maximum normal stress occurs on planes parallel to the load, while maximum shear stress occurs on planes making a 45 degree angle with the load. 3) Shear stress is zero on longitudinal and transverse planes but reaches a maximum at 45 degrees, where it is equal to half the maximum normal stress. 4) Even if maximum shear stress is lower, shear failure can still occur if the material is weaker in shear than tension or compression.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Stresses On Inclined Plane

    Uploaded by

    Mustafa Zahid
    608 views21 pages
    1) The document describes stresses on inclined planes within solids, including normal and shear stress formulas for inclined planes based on an applied axial load. 2) Maximum normal stress occurs on planes parallel to the load, while maximum shear stress occurs on planes making a 45 degree angle with the load. 3) Shear stress is zero on longitudinal and transverse planes but reaches a maximum at 45 degrees, where it is equal to half the maximum normal stress. 4) Even if maximum shear stress is lower, shear failure can still occur if the material is weaker in shear than tension or compression.

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    Stresses on Inclined Plane

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    Stresses on Inclined Plane

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    1) The document describes stresses on inclined planes within solids, including normal and shear stress formulas for inclined planes based on an applied axial load. 2) Maximum normal stress occurs on planes parallel to the load, while maximum shear stress occurs on planes making a 45 degree angle with the load. 3) Shear stress is zero on longitudinal and transverse planes but reaches a maximum at 45 degrees, where it is equal to half the maximum normal stress. 4) Even if maximum shear stress is lower, shear failure can still occur if the material is weaker in shear than tension or compression.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    608 views21 pages

    Stresses On Inclined Plane

    Uploaded by

    Mustafa Zahid
    1) The document describes stresses on inclined planes within solids, including normal and shear stress formulas for inclined planes based on an applied axial load. 2) Maximum normal stress occurs on planes parallel to the load, while maximum shear stress occurs on planes making a 45 degree angle with the load. 3) Shear stress is zero on longitudinal and transverse planes but reaches a maximum at 45 degrees, where it is equal to half the maximum normal stress. 4) Even if maximum shear stress is lower, shear failure can still occur if the material is weaker in shear than tension or compression.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 21

    NUST Balochistan Campus

    Defining Futures

    Lecture: 3b
    Topic: Stresses on Inclined
    Plane
    Mechanics of Solids-II
    (CE-205)
    Lecturer: Taimoor Shehzad
    NUST Balochistan Campus (NBC)
    Cell: 0343-8035524, Email: [email protected]

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 1


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures

    Stress Notation:
    Consider a free-body diagram of a box-shaped
    volume element at a point 0 in a member, with
    sides parallel to the (x, y , z) axes
    Every face of cube has 1 normal component of
    stress and 2 shear Components
    Hence, associated with the concept of the state
    of stress at a point 0, nine components of stress
    exist.

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 2


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures

    Stress Notation:
    The nine stress components relative to
    rectangular coordinate axes (x, y, z) may be
    tabulated in array form as follows
    x y z
    x

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 3


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures

    Stress Notation:
    As:

    Hence,

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 4


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures

    Stress Notation:

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 5


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures

    Stresses on Inclined Plane:


    Let’s suppose we have a member having axial force applied on its both ends.
    y
    x

    F F h
    x’

    The stress would be normal and is given as: y’ b


    ϭ =F/A
    The reference x and y plane here is normal or in other words are not inclined.

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 6


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures

    Stresses on Inclined Plane:


    What if the reference plane is inclined or what if the induced stress is on inclined area.

    F F

    Let's assume inclined plane pq.

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 7


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures

    Stresses on Inclined Plane:


    Because the stresses are the same throughout the entire bar, the stresses acting over the
    inclined section must be uniformly distributed, as shown in Fig.

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 8


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures

    Stresses on Inclined Plane:


    Resolving the force into its components:
    Fn=Fcos Ø

    F F
    Ø

    Fs= Fsin Ø

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 9


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures

    Stresses on Inclined Plane:


    Normal Stress on inclined plane is given as:

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 10


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures

    Stresses on Inclined Plane:


    Shear Stress on inclined plane is given as:

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 11


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures

    Stresses on Inclined Plane:


    If A’ is the inclined area which is greater the normal x-sectional area A
    A’ A’=
     

    Ø
    ϭØ = F/A’

    Ø is the angle of that Area than the following are given as:

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 12


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures

    Stresses on Inclined Plane:


    Normal Stress Component
      ϭ = = cos^2 Ø = ϭx   cos^2 Ø =

    Shear Stress Component


      cos Ø =
     Ƭ = cos Ø = ϭx

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 13


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures

    Stresses on Inclined Plane:


    Max Normal and Shear Stress
     •The horizontal axis gives the angle as it varies
    from +90° to -90°, and the vertical axis gives
    the stresses ϭx and Ƭ.
    • Note that a positive angle is measured
    counterclockwise from the x axis and a negative
    angle is measured clockwise Graph
      of normal stress ϭN and shear stress Ƭ versus
    angle of the inclined section.

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 14


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures

    Stresses on Inclined Plane: 0.5 ϭx

    Max Normal and Shear Stress


     •The maximum normal stress occurs at = 0 and
    is:
    ϭ(max) =ϭx
    • We note that when 45°, the normal stress is one-
    half the maximum value
    0.5 ϭx
    • The shear stress Ƭ is zero on cross sections of  Graph of normal stress ϭN and shear stress Ƭ versus
    the bar ( = 0) as well as on longitudinal sections angle of the inclined section.
    ( = 90°).

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 15


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures

    Stresses on Inclined Plane: 0.5 ϭx

    Max Normal and Shear Stress


     • Between these extremes, the stress varies as
    shown on the graph, reaching the largest
    positive value when = 45°.
    • These maximum shear stresses have the same
    magnitude:
    0.5 ϭx
    Ƭ(max) =  Graph of normal stress ϭN and shear stress Ƭ versus
    angle of the inclined section.

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 16


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures
    Max Normal and Shear Stress
     Conclusion:
    Thus, in this special case of an element oriented
    at 45°, the normal stresses on all four faces are
    the same (equal to /2) and all four shear stresses
    have the maximum magnitude (equal to /2).
    Also, note that the shear stresses acting on
    perpendicular planes are equal in magnitude and
    have directions either toward, or away from, the Normal
      and shear stresses acting on stress elements
    line of intersection of the planes. oriented at = 0° and 45° for a bar in tension

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 17


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures
    Max Normal and Shear Stress

    Conclusion:
    Even though the maximum shear stress in an
    axially loaded bar is only one-half the maximum
    normal stress, the shear stress may cause failure
    if the material is much weaker in shear than in
    tension

    Shear failure along a 45° plane of a wood block


    loaded in compression

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 18


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures

    Shear Failure of different members:

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 19


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures

    Shear Failure of different members:

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 20


    NUST Balochistan Campus
    Defining Futures
    Problem: A prismatic bar having cross-sectional area A = 1200 mm2 is compressed by an
    axial load P = 90 kN.
    (a) Determine the stresses acting on an inclined section pq cut through the
    bar at an angle θ = 25°.
    (b) Determine the complete state of stress for θ = 25° and show the stresses
    on a properly oriented stress element.

    Ans:
    a: ϭθ = - 61.6 MPa
    Ƭ = 28.7 MPa
    b: ϭ = -13.4 Mpa
    Ƭ= 28.7 MPa

    Mechanics of Solid-II (CE-205) 21

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