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    6 - Loss of Energy (Or Head) in Pipes

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    Mustafa Zahid
    This document discusses energy losses that occur when water flows through pipes. It is divided into major energy losses and minor energy losses. Major losses are due to friction between the flowing water and the pipe wall, which can be calculated using formulas. Minor losses occur at places like bends, valves, fittings and due to the vena contracta effect. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating major and minor head losses.

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    6 - Loss of Energy (Or Head) in Pipes

    Uploaded by

    Mustafa Zahid
    116 views21 pages
    This document discusses energy losses that occur when water flows through pipes. It is divided into major energy losses and minor energy losses. Major losses are due to friction between the flowing water and the pipe wall, which can be calculated using formulas. Minor losses occur at places like bends, valves, fittings and due to the vena contracta effect. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating major and minor head losses.

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    6 – Loss of Energy (or Head) in Pipes

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    This document discusses energy losses that occur when water flows through pipes. It is divided into major energy losses and minor energy losses. Major losses are due to friction between the flowing water and the pipe wall, which can be calculated using formulas. Minor losses occur at places like bends, valves, fittings and due to the vena contracta effect. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating major and minor head losses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    116 views21 pages

    6 - Loss of Energy (Or Head) in Pipes

    Uploaded by

    Mustafa Zahid
    This document discusses energy losses that occur when water flows through pipes. It is divided into major energy losses and minor energy losses. Major losses are due to friction between the flowing water and the pipe wall, which can be calculated using formulas. Minor losses occur at places like bends, valves, fittings and due to the vena contracta effect. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating major and minor head losses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 21

    CE – 252

    Credits: 2 + 1
    Min. Contact Hours (Theory): 32
    Batch: UG CE 2k19
    Spring 2021 Semester

    Fluid Mechanics - II

    Lecture 6 – Loss of Energy (or Head) in Pipes

    Atif Rasheed Baloch


    Lecturer Civil Engineering Department
    NUST Balochistan Campus, Quetta,
    Pakistan
    Cell: 92-333-7714643, Email: [email protected]
    Contents
    • Introduction
    • Loss of Energy (or Head) in Pipes
    • Major Energy Losses
    • Minor Energy Losses

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed) 2


    Loss of Energy (or Head) in Pipes 3

    A pipe is a closed conduit (generally of circular The flow in a pipe is termed pipe flow only when them fluid
    section) which is used for carrying fluids. completely fills the cross-section and there is no free surface of fluid.

    The pipe running partially full (in such a case atmospheric


    pressure exists inside the pipe) behaves like an open channel

    When water flows in a pipe, it experiences some resistance to its motion, due to which its velocity and
    ultimately the head of water available is reduced. This loss of energy (or head) is classified as follows:

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    Major Energy Losses 4

    These losses which are due to friction are calculated by :

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6V3Ctem6hdM
    Major Energy Losses 5

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    Major Energy Losses 6

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    Major Energy Losses (Solved Examples) 7

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    Major Energy Losses (Solved Examples) 8

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    Major Energy Losses (Solved Examples) 9

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    Minor Energy Losses 10

    Whereas the major loss of energy or head is due to friction, the minor loss of energy (or head) includes the following cases :

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    Minor Energy Losses 11

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    Minor Energy Losses 12

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    Minor Energy Losses 13

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    Minor Energy Losses 14

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    Minor Energy Losses (Solved Example) 15

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    Minor Energy Losses (Solved Example) 16

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    Minor Energy Losses (Solved Example) 17

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    Minor Energy Losses (Solved Example) 18

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    Minor Energy Losses 19

    Vena contracta is the point in a fluid stream where


    the diameter of the stream is the least, and fluid
    velocity is at its maximum, such as in the case of a
    stream issuing out of a nozzle. It is a place where the
    cross-section area is minimum.

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    Minor Energy Losses 20

    Fluid Mechanics - II Spring Semester 2021 (Atif Rasheed)


    Thank you for your attention

    21

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