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    Drip Irrigation Report

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    Mika
    Drip irrigation involves dripping water at low rates from a system of small diameter plastic pipes fitted with outlets called emitters or drippers. Water is applied close to plants, wetting only the soil around the roots. Applications are frequent, every 1-3 days, providing high soil moisture that allows plants to flourish. Emitters come in different types that dissipate pressure and discharge water in drops or streams, including laminar flow, turbulent, orifice, vortex, and pressure compensating emitters. Drip irrigation is suitable for row crops, trees, and vines when slopes, soils, water quality, and crop value support the capital costs. It works well on any slope along contour lines and most soils if water

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    Drip Irrigation Report

    Uploaded by

    Mika
    62 views13 pages
    Drip irrigation involves dripping water at low rates from a system of small diameter plastic pipes fitted with outlets called emitters or drippers. Water is applied close to plants, wetting only the soil around the roots. Applications are frequent, every 1-3 days, providing high soil moisture that allows plants to flourish. Emitters come in different types that dissipate pressure and discharge water in drops or streams, including laminar flow, turbulent, orifice, vortex, and pressure compensating emitters. Drip irrigation is suitable for row crops, trees, and vines when slopes, soils, water quality, and crop value support the capital costs. It works well on any slope along contour lines and most soils if water

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    DRIP IRRIGATION REPORT

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    Drip irrigation involves dripping water at low rates from a system of small diameter plastic pipes fitted with outlets called emitters or drippers. Water is applied close to plants, wetting only the soil around the roots. Applications are frequent, every 1-3 days, providing high soil moisture that allows plants to flourish. Emitters come in different types that dissipate pressure and discharge water in drops or streams, including laminar flow, turbulent, orifice, vortex, and pressure compensating emitters. Drip irrigation is suitable for row crops, trees, and vines when slopes, soils, water quality, and crop value support the capital costs. It works well on any slope along contour lines and most soils if water

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    62 views13 pages

    Drip Irrigation Report

    Uploaded by

    Mika
    Drip irrigation involves dripping water at low rates from a system of small diameter plastic pipes fitted with outlets called emitters or drippers. Water is applied close to plants, wetting only the soil around the roots. Applications are frequent, every 1-3 days, providing high soil moisture that allows plants to flourish. Emitters come in different types that dissipate pressure and discharge water in drops or streams, including laminar flow, turbulent, orifice, vortex, and pressure compensating emitters. Drip irrigation is suitable for row crops, trees, and vines when slopes, soils, water quality, and crop value support the capital costs. It works well on any slope along contour lines and most soils if water

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    Reporters:

    DRIP IRRIGATION
    Jheremae D. Deypalubos
    Enerson Camino
    Drip Irrigation
    • Drip irrigation is sometimes called trickle irrigation and involves dripping
    water onto the soil at very low rates (2-20 litres/hour) from a system of
    small diameter plastic pipes fitted with outlets called emitters or drippers.

    • Water is applied close to plants so that only part of the soil in which the
    roots grow is wetted.

    • With drip irrigation water, applications are more frequent (usually every 1-
    3 days) than with other methods and this provides a very favourable high
    moisture level in the soil in which plants can flourish.
    Drip Emitters

    • Drip emitters have small openings that dissipate pressure and discharge a
    small flow of water in discrete drops or a continuous tiny stream. Emitters
    are classified as laminar flow, turbulent, orifice, vortex, partially
    pressure compensating, or pressure compensating.
    Laminar Flow Emitters (long path)
    • Laminar flow emitters are long, narrow tubes, and energy is dissipated in the tube. The
    emitter exponent, x, is 1.0, which indicates that flow is directly proportional to pressure.

    ionizing-bar-6-emitters-33-inches-161108-HV8A1089-a4
    Turbulent emitters
    • Turbulent emitters (x ¼ 0.57) dissipate energy in turbulent eddies that form in tortuous
    paths within the emitter.
    Orifice Emitters
    • Orifice emitters dissipate energy in a single orifice; thus, the diameter is extremely small
    (less than laminar) and these emitters are prone to plugging. The flow varies with the
    square root of pressure so x ¼ 0.5 as with sprinklers.

    • Vortex emitters are similar to orifice emitters except that the water passes through one
    turbulent eddy before exiting the orifice; the turbulent eddy decreases the emitter
    exponent x to 0.4. As with orifice emitters, vortex emitters have a narrow orifice and are
    prone to plugging.
    Pressure compensating emitters
    • Pressure compensating emitters have virtually no change in flow rate over a range of
    pressures. These are emitters with diaphragm closing as pressure increases and vice
    versa.

    PC10- BARB INKLET, 10.0 GPH


    When to use Drip Irrigation.
    • Suitable crops
    • Suitable slopes
    • Suitable soils
    • Suitable irrigation water
    Suitable Crops
    • Drip irrigation is most suitable for row crops (vegetables, soft fruit), tree and vine crops where one or
    more emitters can be provided for each plant. Generally only high value crops are considered
    because of the high capital costs of installing a drip system.
    Suitable Slopes
    • Drip irrigation is adaptable to any farmable slope. Normally the crop would be planted along contour
    lines and the water supply pipes (laterals) would be laid along the contour also. This is done to
    minimize changes in emitter discharge as a result of land elevation changes.
    Suitable Soils
    • Drip irrigation is suitable for most soils. On clay soils water must be applied slowly to
    avoid surface water ponding and runoff. On sandy soils higher emitter discharge rates will
    be needed to ensure adequate lateral wetting of the soil.
    Suitable Irrigation Water
    • One of the main problems with drip irrigation is blockage of the emitters. All emitters have very small

    waterways ranging from 0.2-2.0 mm in diameter and these can become blocked if the water is not

    clean. Thus it is essential for irrigation water to be free of sediments. If this is not so then filtration of

    the irrigation water will be needed.

    • Blockage may also occur if the water contains algae, fertilizer deposits and dissolved chemicals

    which precipitate such as calcium and iron. Filtration may remove some of the materials but the

    problem may be complex to solve and requires an experienced engineer or consultation with the

    equipment dealer.

    • Drip irrigation is particularly suitable for water of poor quality (saline water). Dripping water to

    individual plants also means that the method can be very efficient in water use. For this reason it is

    most suitable when water is scarce.

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