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    Hydrogen Fuel Cells

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    Chaithz Luci
    This document discusses hydrogen fuel cell vehicles as the fuel of the future. It begins by providing background on hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, noting how they generate electricity through a reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to power electric motors. It then covers key aspects of hydrogen fuel cell technology including how the systems work, advantages over gasoline such as being renewable and more efficient, as well as challenges like high costs and lack of refueling infrastructure currently. The document concludes by discussing potential applications of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and the future prospects of the technology.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Hydrogen Fuel Cells

    Uploaded by

    Chaithz Luci
    426 views17 pages
    This document discusses hydrogen fuel cell vehicles as the fuel of the future. It begins by providing background on hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, noting how they generate electricity through a reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to power electric motors. It then covers key aspects of hydrogen fuel cell technology including how the systems work, advantages over gasoline such as being renewable and more efficient, as well as challenges like high costs and lack of refueling infrastructure currently. The document concludes by discussing potential applications of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and the future prospects of the technology.

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    This document discusses hydrogen fuel cell vehicles as the fuel of the future. It begins by providing background on hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, noting how they generate electricity through a reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to power electric motors. It then covers key aspects of hydrogen fuel cell technology including how the systems work, advantages over gasoline such as being renewable and more efficient, as well as challenges like high costs and lack of refueling infrastructure currently. The document concludes by discussing potential applications of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and the future prospects of the technology.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    426 views17 pages

    Hydrogen Fuel Cells

    Uploaded by

    Chaithz Luci
    This document discusses hydrogen fuel cell vehicles as the fuel of the future. It begins by providing background on hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, noting how they generate electricity through a reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to power electric motors. It then covers key aspects of hydrogen fuel cell technology including how the systems work, advantages over gasoline such as being renewable and more efficient, as well as challenges like high costs and lack of refueling infrastructure currently. The document concludes by discussing potential applications of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and the future prospects of the technology.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 17
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The key takeaways are that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles produce only water and can have comparable range to gasoline vehicles. However, hydrogen infrastructure needs further development for widespread adoption.

    A fuel cell requires an anode, cathode and electrolyte. Hydrogen oxidizes at the anode to release electrons which power the vehicle, and oxygen reduces at the cathode.

    Pros include quick refueling, no emissions and long range. Cons include high costs, large tank size and lack of refueling infrastructure.

    HYDROGEN VEHICLES:

    FUEL OF THE FUTURE

    Under the guidance of


    Presented by
    Dr. R. L. Krupakaran (M.E, Ph.D.)
    Name: U. Chaithanya
    Associate Professor
    Roll No: 17121A03E1 Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
    Contents
     Introduction

     Principle of Fuel Cell

     Hydrogen Fuel Cell System

     Why we chose Hydrogen Fuel Cell System

     Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle

     How does Hydrogen Engine Work

     Pros of Hydrogen Powered cars

     Cons of Hydrogen powered cars

     Efficiency of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles

     Comparison between Hydrogen Fuel and Gasoline

     Applications

     Future of Fuel Cell


    Introduction
     Hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles, largely forgotten as attention turned to biofuels and
    batteries, are staging a comeback
     According to Jeff Tollefson "The first car driven by a child born today could be
    powered by hydrogen and pollution-free," declared former US president George W.
    Bush in 2003, as he announced a US$1.2-billion hydrogen-fuel initiative to develop
    commercial fuel-cell vehicles by 2020.
     Unlike conventional vehicles like truck, bus which runs on gasoline,
    fuel cell truck or bus combines hydrogen and oxygen which is used
    to generate electricity to run motor. But the range of this fuel cell
    vehicle is comparable to conventional trucks and buses.
    Principle of a Fuel Cell
     For a fuel cell system, three pillars are required: an anode, a
    cathode, and an electrolyte.
     It consists of electrode, electrolyte & catalyst to
    facilitate electrochemical redox reaction.
     Anode and Cathode: The material which have high
    electron conductivity and zero proton conductivity
    and vice versa.
     Catalyst: Platinum or Cadmium
     Electrolyte: High proton conductivity and zero
    electron conductivity (KOH or NaOH)
    Hydrogen Fuel
    Cell System
     At anode, the fuel (hydrogen) undergoes
    oxidation & release electron.

     These electron flow through external


    circuit to cathode.

     At cathode, oxidant(oxygen) get reduced.

     The electron produce electricity while


    passing through external circuit.
    Why we chose
    Hydrogen Fuel Cell
    System

    Disperses
    Disperses quickly
    quickly Odorless
    Odorless gas
    gas Is
    Is non-toxic
    non-toxic

    Produces
    Produces water
    water Can
    Can be
    be stored
    stored Does
    Does not
    not plume
    plume
    upon
    upon combustion
    combustion safely
    safely

    The
    The Hydrogen
    Hydrogen
    Is
    Is stable
    stable in
    in ambient
    ambient Economy
    Economy
    Does
    Does not
    not leach
    leach temperatures
    temperatures infrastructure
    infrastructure is
    is
    less
    less expensive
    expensive

    Lighter
    Lighter than
    than air
    air Flammable
    Flammable (can
    (can be
    be
    (Unlike
    (Unlike petrol
    petrol easily
    easily set on fire)
    set on fire)
    which
    which pools)
    pools)
    Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle
    How does a hydrogen
    engine work?
     In fuel cell technology, a process known as
    reverse electrolysis takes place, in which
    hydrogen reacts with oxygen in the fuel cell.
    The hydrogen comes from one or more tanks
    built into the FCEV, while the oxygen comes
    from the ambient air. The only results of this
    reaction are electrical energy, heat and water,
    which is emitted through the exhaust as
    water vapor.

     The electricity generated in the fuel cell of a


    hydrogen engine can take two routes, depending
    on the demands of the specific driving situation.
    It either flows to the electric motor and powers
    the FCEV directly or it charges a battery, which
    stores the energy until it’s needed for the engine.
    The PROS of hydrogen-
    powered cars
     The propulsion in hydrogen fuel cell cars is purely
    electrical. Virtually no engine noise and a lively start,
    because electric motors provide full torque even at low
    speeds.

     Quick Charging Time: The hydrogen tanks of fuel


    cell cars, are full and ready to go again in less than
    five minutes.

     Hydrogen cars still have a longer range than purely


    electric cars. A full hydrogen tank will last around
    480KM

     The range of fuel cell vehicles is not dependent on


    the outside temperature. In other words, it does not
    deteriorate in cold weather.
    The CONS of hydrogen-powered cars

    They are relatively expensive to


    Sparsity of options for refueling.
    buy (Around 60Lakhs)

    Hydrogen fuel cell cars tend to be


    If single cell is damaged, whole
    quite large because the hydrogen
    stack should be checked.
    tank(s) take up a lot of space.

    High cost of Pure Hydrogen


    Efficiency of Hydrogen Fuel Cell vehicles
    Theoretical efficiency

    η = Useful Work Done / Heat of Combustion

    η = (-237.39/-285.5)*100

    η = 83%

    But the actual efficiency if found to be around 60 – 70%


    Comparison between Hydrogen Fuel
    Cell and Gasoline Vehicles
    Hydrogen Fuel Gasoline
    Source is water Source is crude oil
    Supply is infinite Supply is finite
    Renewable Non Renewable
    Cost per gallon is 1$ Cost per Gallon is 2.23$
    Miles per gallon is 81 Miles per gallon is 18-31
    No additional Environment Impact cost Additional environment impact cost
    Less Supply Stations Available abundantly since it is a
    conventional source
    Applications of Hydrogen
    Fuel Cars
     The first commercial use of fuel cell was in NASA space
    program to generate power in Apollo in 1969.

     It is used in vehicle including automobile, bicycle, aero plane,


    boat, sub-marine.

     All popular companies like BMW, Mercedes, Tata, Honda,

     Hyundai, Ford, Toyota launches their fuel cell vehicle.

     Use in house for power backup in Germany, Japan and UK by


    “clear edge power” company.
    Future of Fuel Cell

     BMW is convinced that hydrogen can make an important contribution to sustainable mobility
    alongside EVs in the future – provided the necessary hydrogen infrastructure is in place and offers a
    good price for hydrogen, and the price of the vehicles falls. In those circumstances, hydrogen fuel cell
    cars can be the zero-emissions technology that allows users to maintain the flexible driving habits
    they are accustomed to.
    References
    • ScienceDirect (link)

    • BMW (link)

    • Intelligent Energy (link)

    • Other reference websites

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