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    Accessory Organs Disorders - PPT

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    Roselily Flores Coquilla
    This document discusses disorders of the gallbladder and pancreas. It describes cholecystitis, which is inflammation of the gallbladder that can be acute or chronic. Gallstones are a common cause of cholecystitis. Risk factors for different types of gallstones are discussed. The clinical manifestations, diagnostic findings, and medical and nursing management of cholecystitis and pancreatitis are summarized. Surgical removal of the gallbladder or gallstones may be needed to treat cholecystitis.

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    Accessory Organs Disorders - PPT

    Uploaded by

    Roselily Flores Coquilla
    129 views18 pages
    This document discusses disorders of the gallbladder and pancreas. It describes cholecystitis, which is inflammation of the gallbladder that can be acute or chronic. Gallstones are a common cause of cholecystitis. Risk factors for different types of gallstones are discussed. The clinical manifestations, diagnostic findings, and medical and nursing management of cholecystitis and pancreatitis are summarized. Surgical removal of the gallbladder or gallstones may be needed to treat cholecystitis.

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    accessory organs disorders_ppt

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    This document discusses disorders of the gallbladder and pancreas. It describes cholecystitis, which is inflammation of the gallbladder that can be acute or chronic. Gallstones are a common cause of cholecystitis. Risk factors for different types of gallstones are discussed. The clinical manifestations, diagnostic findings, and medical and nursing management of cholecystitis and pancreatitis are summarized. Surgical removal of the gallbladder or gallstones may be needed to treat cholecystitis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    129 views18 pages

    Accessory Organs Disorders - PPT

    Uploaded by

    Roselily Flores Coquilla
    This document discusses disorders of the gallbladder and pancreas. It describes cholecystitis, which is inflammation of the gallbladder that can be acute or chronic. Gallstones are a common cause of cholecystitis. Risk factors for different types of gallstones are discussed. The clinical manifestations, diagnostic findings, and medical and nursing management of cholecystitis and pancreatitis are summarized. Surgical removal of the gallbladder or gallstones may be needed to treat cholecystitis.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    Disorders in Accessory Organs

    CHOLECYSTITIS (CHOLELITHIASIS)
    - Acute or chronic
    inflammation (cholecystitis)
    of the gallbladder.
    - CHOLELITHIASIS - calculi, or
    gallstones, usually form in
    the gallbladder from the
    solid constituents of bile.
    CHOLECYSTITIS: 2 types;

    1. Calculous cholecystitis
    - a gallbladder stone
    obstructs bile outflow.
    CHOLECYSTITIS: 2 types;

    2. Acalculous
    cholecystitis -
    Risk factors;

    1. Cholesterol gallstone
    • Obesity
    • Use of estrogen and oral
    contraceptives
    • Cholesterol lowering
    drugs
    Risk factors;

    2. Pigment gallstone
    • Chronic hemolysis
    • Chronic liver disease
    • Biliary infection
    • Obstruction of
    gallbladder or bile ducts
    Clinical Manifestations:
    • Pain
    Assessment & Diagnostic findings:

    • Endoscopic retrograde
    cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
    • Ultrasonography
    • RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING OR
    CHOLESCINTIGRAPHY
    Medical Management:

    • NPO
    • Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and
    chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA)
    • Antibiotic therapy – Levofloxacin and
    Metronidazole
    Medical Management:
    • Promethazine or Prochlorperazine

    • Surgical management: cholecystectomy


    (surgical removal of gallbladder) or
    cholelithotomy (removal of gallstone)
    Cholecystectomy or Cholelithotomy
    Nursing Management:

    • Administer prescribed analgesics.


    • Provide complete bedrest
    • Encourage use of relaxation techniques and
    provide diversional activities
    • Food planning and promote appetite
    PANCREATITIS

    - Is an inflammation of
    the pancreas.
    - Pancreatitis is
    commonly described
    as autodigestion of
    the pancreas.
    Pathophysiology
    • Premature activation of
    trypsin and lipase enzymes
    • Autodigestion and
    inflammatory process
    procedure
    • Fibrosis or nodules formation
    in pancreatic tissue
    •
    Clinical Manifestations:
    • Severe abdominal
    • Board-like abdomen
    • Ecchymosis (Cullen’s
    sign)
    • Skin discoloration in
    flank region (Turner’s
    sign
    Diagnostic Findings:

    • Serum amylase and lipase


    levels
    • WBC count
    • X-ray studies
    Medical Management:
    • Pain management
    • Intensive care
    • Aggressive respiratory care
    • Biliary drainage
    • Surgical management
    Nursing Management:
    • Maintain fluid & electrolyte balance
    • Provide comfort and rest to patient
    • Improve nutritional status – high in
    carbohydrates and low in fats and proteins
    between acute attacks
    • Provide pre-post operative care
    • Health education
    • Restrict alcohol intake

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