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    2-Solving Roots of Equations-Bisection Method

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    2-Solving Roots of Equations-Bisection Method

    Uploaded by

    jovanni
    10 views15 pages

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    10 views15 pages

    2-Solving Roots of Equations-Bisection Method

    Uploaded by

    jovanni

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Solving Roots of

    Equation-Bisection
    Method
    Incremental Search Method

    Is a method of finding zeroes or


    roots of a function based on the
    change of sign of f(x)
    The figures below illustrates two possible
    cases.
    𝑓 ( 𝑏 ) >0
     

    𝑓 ( 𝑎 ) >0
     

    𝑏
     
    𝑎
     

    𝑎
     
    𝑏
     

    𝑓 ( 𝑏 ) <0  𝑓 ( 𝑎 ) <0
     
    root
    root

    We can see that as the sign of f(x) changes from + to – and vice versa in an
    interval of [a, b], we can see that the root is in that interval
    Example:

    Find the interval of step size=


    0.5 containing a root of
    equation f(x)=x2-1-e0.1x from
    x=0 to x=1.5
    Solution:
    x 0 0.5 1 1.5
    f(x) -2 -1.80127 -1.10517 0.08816

    We can see at x=1 to x=1.5, the


    sign of f(x) changes. So we can
    conclude that there is a root in
    the interval [1, 1.5]
    What if we make the step
    size even smaller to 0.1?

    Find the interval again of


    the same f(x) containing
    another zero starting from
    x=1 to x=1.5
    Solution:
    x 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
    f(x) -1.1 -0.9 -0.7 -0.4 -0.2 0.09

    We can see that as we further


    decrease the step size, the interval
    [1.4, 1.5] that contains the root is
    much more accurate compared
    with [1, 1.5]
    Seatwork:

    For the equation f(x)=x-sin(x)-


    2cos(x), find an interval
    containing the root of the
    function with step size 0.2
    Suppose that we know the
    interval [a,b] has the root of
    f(x). Now, we want to
    determine that root to any
    desire of accuracy.
    Bisection Method
    Get the root of previous equation
    f(x)=x2-1-e0.1x at interval [1.4, 1.5]
    with an A.E<0.01. Use 4th decimal
    Steps: place in all values.
    1. Write the following in a column format
    xn f(xn) xp f(xp) xnew f(xnew) A.E.

    Where: xn is the value of x when f(x)<0


    xp is the value of x when f(x)>0
    xnew=(xn+xp)/2 (Iterative formula)
    In the previous example, the interval
    [1.4, 1.5], since f(1.4)<0, so we will put
    1.4 on the column xn. Since f(1.5)>0, we
    will put it on column xp

    xn f(xn) xp f(xp) xnew f(xnew) A.E.


    1.4 -0.1903 1.5 0.0882
    2. Evaluate Xnew, Xnew=(xn+xp)/2,
    xn f(xn) xp f(xp) xnew f(xnew) A.E.
    1.4 -0.1903 1.5 0.0882 1.45 -0.0535

    3. If f(xnew)>0, put xnew to xp, if f(xnew)<0,


    put xnew to xn then the other previous value
    except xnew and f(xnew) will remain the
    same in the next iteration

    xn f(xn) xp f(xp) xnew f(xnew) A.E.


    1.4 -0.1903 1.5 0.0882 1.45 -0.0535
    1.45 -0.0535 1.5 0.0882
    4. Then repeat the process until the
    desired accuracy is met. A.E.=|Present
    Value of Xnew-Previous Value of Xnew|
    or at f(xnew)=0
    xn f(xn) xp f(xp) xnew f(xnew) A.E.
    1.4 -0.1903 1.5 0.0882 1.45 -0.0535 -

    1.45 -0.0535 1.5 0.0882 1.475 0.0167 0.025

    1.45 -0.0535 1.475 0.0167 1.4625 -0.0186 0.0125

    1.4625 -0.0186 1.475 0.0167 1.4688 -0.0008 0.0063

    At this iteration, we will stop because A.E. is met


    Seatwork:

    Get the root of the equation


    f(x)=sin(x)+cos(x)-x2 at the range
    of [1, 1.5] with an A.E.<0.001
    using Bisection Method. Use 4th
    decimal place in all values
    Assignment:

    Get the root of the equation


    sqrt(2x+1)=x at the range of
    4

    [1, 1.5] with an A.E.<0.001


    using Bisection Method. Use
    3 decimal place in all values
    rd

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