Flat Slab
Flat Slab
Flat Slab
INTRODUCTION
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
• Flat slabs were originally invented in the U.S.A in year
1906.
• This was the start of these type of construction.
• Many slabs were load-tested between 1910-20 in U.S.A.
• 1914 Nicholas proposed a method of analysis of these slab
based on simple statics, this method is know as direct
design method.
BASIC DEFINITION OF FLAT
SLAB
The term flat slab means a reinforces concrete slab with or
without drop, supported generally without beams, by
column with or without flared column heads.
APPLICATION OF FLAT SLAB
In the case of high rise building thinner slabs are required so
that additional floors can be added.
The distance that be spanned by post-tensioned slabs exceeds
that of reinforced constructions with the same thickness.
For increasing span lengths so as to increases the usable
unencumbered floor space in buildings.
For diminishing the number of joints in the structure.
For the speedy construction of the project.
The amount of steel required is much less than in normal RCC
structure.
The moulds can be used No. of times as per the demand.
Due to reduce beam section the load transferred to foundation
is less compared to that of RCC structure.
The structure is crack free as the whole structure is in
compression.
Large span of slab can obtain easily.
ADVANTAGES OF FLAT SLAB
Floor to floor height reduction
Faster construction
Early formwork stripping
Water resistant properties
Saving in materials.
Reduced foundation load
Greater column free areas
Architectural freedom
Reduced construction costs
LIMITATION OF FLAT SLAB
Careful handling of prefabricated components such as
concrete panels or steel and glass panels is required.
Attention has to be paid to the strength and corrosion-
resistance of the joining of prefabricated sections to avoid
failure of the joint.
Similarly, leaks can form at joints in prefabricated
components.
Transportation costs may be higher for voluminous
prefabricated sections than for the materials of which they
are made, which can often be packed more compactly.
CLASSIFICATION OF FLAT
SLAB SYSTEM
1. Solid flat slab(or flat plate)
2. Solid flat slab with drop panels
3. Solid flat slab with column heads
4. Banded flat slab
1.Solid flat slab(or flat plate)
2.Solid flat slab with drop panels
3. Solid flat slab with column heads
3.Banded flat slab
METHOD OF
CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM
The flat slabs can be cast-in-situ (cast-in-place). Else,the
slabs can be precast at ground level and lifted to the final
height. The later type of slabs is called lift slabs.
4) Add the moments Mu,–MS and Mu, +MS for the two portions of the MS
(from adjacent equivalent frames).
5) Calculate the design moments per unit width of the CS and MS.
Code provision for flat slab
1.Thickness of flat slab As per IS-456 : 2000
Code provision for flat slab
2. For drop
1.PLAN
2.SECTION
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF
FLAT SLAB USING ETABS
SOFTWARE
CONCLUSIONS
As per Indian code we are using cube strength but in
international standards cylindered are used which gives higher
strength than cube.
Drops are important criteria in increasing the shear strength of
the slab.
Enhance resistance to punching failure at the junct ion of
concrete slab & column.
By incorporating heads in slab, we are increasing rigidity of
slab.
In the interior span, the total design moments (Mo).
The negative moment’s section shall be designed to resist the
larger of the two interior negative design moments for the span
framing into common supports.
CONCLUSIONS
According to Indian standard (IS 456) for RCC code has
recommended characteristic strength of concrete as 20, 25, and
30 and above 30 for high strength concrete. For design purpose
strength of concrete is taken as 2/3 of actual strength this is to
compensate the difference between cube strength and actual
strength of concrete in structure. After that we apply factor of
safety of 1.5. So in practice Indian standard actually us es 46%
of total concrete characteristic strength. While in International
practice is to take 85% of total strength achieved by test and
then apply factor of safety which is same as Indian standard so
in actual they use 57% of total strength.
Pre fabricated sections to be integrated into the design for ease
of construction.
References
Indian standards 456,875.
S.P 16.
Advanced Reinforced Concrete Design-P.C Varghese.
A.K. Jain - Limit state design of Reinforced concrete.
Reinforced concrete design - S.unnikrishna Pillai, Devdas
Menon
S.Ramamrutham & R. Narayan - Design of Reinforced
concrete Structures.
V.N, Vazirani & S.P Chandola – Hand book of civil
Engineering.
During the mini project I visited lanco hills site under
which I was done the supervision of IT 6 block in
which I was saw the different types of flat slab and
construction details ,arrangement of formwork ect.