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    Crystallinity

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    Shweta Bagdi
    The document discusses crystallinity in polymers. Crystallinity refers to the degree of structural order in a solid polymer material, with crystalline regions having atoms or molecules arranged in a regular, periodic manner. Crystallinity can be induced through processes like slow cooling of molten polymers, evaporation of polymer solutions, or annealing. Higher crystallinity is associated with increased hardness, density, and strength but reduced transparency. Crystallinity is quantified as the volume percentage of a polymer sample that is crystalline.

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    Crystallinity

    Uploaded by

    Shweta Bagdi
    35 views14 pages
    The document discusses crystallinity in polymers. Crystallinity refers to the degree of structural order in a solid polymer material, with crystalline regions having atoms or molecules arranged in a regular, periodic manner. Crystallinity can be induced through processes like slow cooling of molten polymers, evaporation of polymer solutions, or annealing. Higher crystallinity is associated with increased hardness, density, and strength but reduced transparency. Crystallinity is quantified as the volume percentage of a polymer sample that is crystalline.

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    The document discusses crystallinity in polymers. Crystallinity refers to the degree of structural order in a solid polymer material, with crystalline regions having atoms or molecules arranged in a regular, periodic manner. Crystallinity can be induced through processes like slow cooling of molten polymers, evaporation of polymer solutions, or annealing. Higher crystallinity is associated with increased hardness, density, and strength but reduced transparency. Crystallinity is quantified as the volume percentage of a polymer sample that is crystalline.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    35 views14 pages

    Crystallinity

    Uploaded by

    Shweta Bagdi
    The document discusses crystallinity in polymers. Crystallinity refers to the degree of structural order in a solid polymer material, with crystalline regions having atoms or molecules arranged in a regular, periodic manner. Crystallinity can be induced through processes like slow cooling of molten polymers, evaporation of polymer solutions, or annealing. Higher crystallinity is associated with increased hardness, density, and strength but reduced transparency. Crystallinity is quantified as the volume percentage of a polymer sample that is crystalline.

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    of 14

    – Crystallinity in Polymers

    • Crystallinity refers to the degree of structural order in a solid. In a 


    crystal, the atoms or molecules are arranged in a regular, periodic
    manner.
    • Inducing crystallinity
    • Cooling of molten polymer
    • Evaporation of polymer solution
    • Annealing- heating of polymer at specified tem.
    • Drawing- stretching at a temperature above Tg
    • The degree of crystallinity has a big influence on hardness, density
    , transparency and diffusion.
    • Many materials, such as glass-ceramics and some polymers, can be
    prepared in such a way as to produce a mixture of crystalline and 
    amorphous regions. In such cases, crystallinity is usually specified
    as a percentage of the volume of the material that is crystalline.
    • Crystallinity α density α Strength α 1/transparency
    • Crystallinity of a polymer sample is expressed in
    terms of that fraction of the sample which is
    crystalline. The definition of the degree of
    crystallinity is based on the premise that
    crystalline and non-crystalline components of a
    polymer can coexist.
    • Figure shows how the crystalline and amorphous
    regions can co-exist and how they are held
    together by long polymer chains running through
    them
    • Stereo regular polymer, i.e.,
    isotactic and syndiotactic
    are more crystalline than
    atactic polymer.
    • Linear polyethylene has highly
    regular configuration and is
    crystallinity around 90%, but this
    high crystallinity drops sharply to
    around 40% when there is
    branching.
    • Gutta purcha gives rod like structure to the
    molecules. A rod like structure enables gutat-
    purcha molecules to orient themselves in a
    orderly manner and pack up closely, as
    compared to the coiled structure of the
    natural rubber, Gutta purcha is, therefore,
    more crystalline
    • Homopolymer of Polyethylene is more
    crystalline than random copolymer of
    ethylene and propylene. Random distribution
    of propylene repeat units in the copolymer
    disturbs the structural regularity of the chain
    molecules and curbs the tendency to
    crystallize.
    • Presence of the polar group increases the
    crystallinity of the molecules.Nylon-6 more
    crystalline due to presence of the hydrogen
    bond. The formation of the hydrogen bond
    between the chains increases the interchain
    forces of attraction and facilitates tighter
    packing and perfect bonding of the chain
    elements with each other.
    • Presence of the bulky group decreases the
    crystallinity. Polycarbazole is less crystalline
    than polyvinyl alcohol.
    Important for Gate
    Degree of crystallinity is increased for:
    1) Slow cooling relative to fast cooling. This allows time for
    diffusion to occur and align the polymer chains.
    2) Linear > branched > cross-linked, network polymers.
    3) Isotactic, syndiotactic > atactic polymers.
    4) Simple mer unit > bulky side chains in mer unit.
    More crystalline polymers tend to be mechanically stronger, and
    more resistive to chemical dissolution and softening by heat.
    Amorphous Polymer Crystalline Polymer

    Random Structure Ordered Structure

    Board Melting Point Narrow Melting Point

    Low Shrinkage High Shrinkage

    Lower Mechanical Properties Higher mechanical Properties

    Transparent Opaque
    Poor chemical High chemical
    resistacne
    Example: ABS, PC, PS resistacne
    Example: Nylon,
    Acetal, PET

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