5-Health Promotion

HEALTH PROMOTION
Health promotion
The focus of health promotion is on

changing patterns of behavior to
promote health rather than simply to
avoid illness
Health promotion
Is the process of enabling people to increase control over,
and to improve, their health.
To increase a state of complete physical, mental and social

well-being an individual or group must be able identify
and to realize aspirations, to satisfy needs, and to change
or cope with the environment.
The health promotion movement
By the mid-1980s:
it became wider acknowledged that effective health education
involved making healthier choices easier:
◦ Proposing a wider agenda which involved modifying
circumstances, environment and policy to become more “health
promoting”.
◦ So people had opportunities to choose a healthier lifestyle.
◦ Recognised that people’s capacity to take action was limited by
environmental / social circumstances.
The first International Conference on Health

Promotion was held in Ottawa on November 21,
1986. It was at this conference that The Ottawa
Charter for Health Promotion was adopted.
Health Promotion Emblem
It identified:
3 basic strategies:
"enabling, mediating, and
advocacy”
5 key Action Areas:

1. Build healthy public
policy
2. Create supportive
environments
3. Strengthen community
action
4. Develop personal skills
5. Reorientation of health
services
Logo visualises the idea that health promotion is a comprehensive multi-strategy approach
The three basic strategies for health
promotion are:-
Health promotion is concerned with
strategies for promoting health.
There are 3 basic strategies:-
1-Advocacy for health
2-Enabling all people: Giving knowledge,
information and skills. Health promotion is the
process of enabling people to increase control over,
and to improve their health.
3-Mediating between different interests in society in
the pursuit of health.
1-Advocacy for health:-Is combination of individual and
social actions designed to gain political commitment ,policy
support, social acceptance and systems support for a
particular health goal or programme. Advocacy can use mass
media, multi-media or community mobilization so as to create
living conditions conductive to health.
2-Enabling all people :means empowering them to promote

and protect their health. For example by providing
knowledge, information and skills.
3-Mediating between different sectors in the society in the way
that promote and protect health. Health Promotion brings
together many sectors to work towards the achievement and
maintenance of health and wellness.
The Health sector alone cannot achieve a healthy society.
All sectors, both governmental and non-governmental, need
to work together. Health Promotion can provide the link
between the various sectors
Some non-health sectors with an input
into Health Promotion
• Improvements in health could not be
determined by investments in the health
care systems alone.
• Needed to enrol other sectors in health
improvement efforts. Such as:-
-Education/ schools
-Agriculture
-Community Services
-Sport
-Media
-Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO’s)
-Community groups
-Youth
-Private sector
Health sectors with an input into Health
Promotion
-Environmental Health
-Nutrition
-Community nursing
-Mental Health
-Dental
-Epidemiology
-Hospital (secondary) care
-School of Nursing
-Occupational therapy
Some other sectors which are important
-Legal
-Public Works
-Housing
-Water Authority
-Red crescent
-Alternative medicine
Prerequisites for health:-The
fundamental conditions and resources for
health are:
-peace.
-shelter.
-education.
-food.
-income.
-stable ecosystem.
-sustainable resources.
-social justice and equity.
Health promotion action areas:
1. Building healthy public policy.

2. Creating supportive environments.
3. Strengthening community action.
4. Developing personal skills.
5. Reorienting of health services.
1-Building public health policy
Health should be made a priority item on the agenda
of policy-makers in all sectors.
Joint action by all sectors will contribute to achieving safer
and healthier goods and services, healthier public services,
and cleaner and more healthy environment.
The aim is to make the healthier choice the easier choice for
all people.
Health Public Policy should lead to the creation of a
supportive environment to enable people to lead healthy live
All relevant government sectors like agriculture, trade,
education, industry and finance need to give important
consideration to health as an essential factor during their
policy formulation.
2-Creating supportive
environments
A supportive environment is essential for health.
Supportive environments cover the physical, social,
economic environment.
Supportive environments encompass where people
live, work and play. This is what is envisaged by the
“settings” approach. E.g. healthy buildings, roads,
workplaces, homes, surroundings and schools…..etc.
Everyone has a role in creating supportive
environments for health.
3-Strengthening community actions
to achieve well-being
Health promotion improves both the ability of
individuals to take action, and the capacity of
groups, organizations or communities to influence
the determinants of health.
Involvement of the community in health decisions, a

multisectoral and participatory approach.
Provide communities with the information and tools

to take actions to improve health and well-being.
4-Developing personal health skills
Skillswhich can promote an individual’s health include
those pertaining to identifying, selecting and applying
healthy options in daily life.
Health education is life-long, so that people can develop
the relevant skills to meet the health challenges of all stages
of life, and to be able to cope with chronic illness and
disabilities.
Health education should be conducted in all settings.
Information and education for personal and family health.
Takeaccount of values, beliefs and customs of the
community.
5-Reorienting health services
Since lifestyle is linked to many of today’s health
problems, prevention and promotion should decrease the
burden on secondary (curative) health care.
-Greater emphasis and resources placed on
health promotion and primary health care.
-Less emphasis on purchase of high tech
equipment for secondary health care.
-Equity in health care.
Intersectoral approach
Health Promotion brings together many sectors
to work towards the achievement and
maintenance of health and wellness.
◦ The Health sector alone cannot achieve a healthy
society.
◦ All sectors, both government and non-government,
need to work together.
◦ Health Promotion can provide the link between the
various sectors.
◦ Within Health the various disciplines also need to
work together towards wellness.
Health Promotion Programs
Program for Individuals

Individualized health promotion strategies are based on
data indicating that personal lifestyle is the cause of
many diseases and disabilities and these persons are
responsible for making informed decisions about their
health.
Programs for families
Educating parents on home safety seats, and injury
prevention may ensure a safer environment for children
through parental intervention in hazard reduction,
parental modeling, and reinforcement of lifelong
practices.
Programs for Populations in
Communities
School programs (screening, first aid
Work place health promotion programs
(stress management
Component of PHC
1. Health promotion
2. Prevention of disease
Levels of preventions
Primary prevention;
includes measures to keep illness and
injuries from occurring as work to control
and prevent communicable disease, teach
young adult healthy life style behaviors
and it involve planning invention of needs
and problems, and design program to
overcome problem so never occurs.
Secondary prevention
involves efforts to detect and treat existing
health problems at the earliest stage when
disease already exists. Hypertension and
cholesterol screening program to identify
high risk individual and encouraging early
treatment to prevent heart attack.
Treatment
Focuses on the illness end of the
wellness-illness continuum.
Provides direct services to people with
health problems.
Offers indirect services that help people
obtain treatment.
Develop programs to correct unhealthy
conditions
Tertiary
Rehabilitation: Maximize the recovery
and preventing recurrence

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What are the three basic strategies for health promotion?

What are the five key action areas identified by the Ottawa Charter?

HEALTH PROMOTION

The focus of health promotion is on

To increase a state of complete physical, mental and social

The first International Conference on Health

5 key Action Areas:

2-Enabling all people :means empowering them to promote

1. Building healthy public policy.

Involvement of the community in health decisions, a

Provide communities with the information and tools

Program for Individuals

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