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    Definite and Indefinite Articles - Grammar

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    Rafaela Sepulveda Lima
    1) The document discusses the use of definite and indefinite articles in English. It explains that "a" and "an" are used with singular countable nouns to indicate unspecified or general references, while "the" is used with both singular and plural nouns when the identity is specified or clear from context. 2) Several exceptions to article usage are provided, such as not using articles with proper nouns, languages, illnesses, portions of the day, and more. Specific rules are given for when to use articles with geographical features, transportation, buildings, and other categories. 3) The document concludes by recapping some of the key exceptions, such as not using "the" with most street

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    Definite and Indefinite Articles - Grammar

    Uploaded by

    Rafaela Sepulveda Lima
    46 views25 pages
    1) The document discusses the use of definite and indefinite articles in English. It explains that "a" and "an" are used with singular countable nouns to indicate unspecified or general references, while "the" is used with both singular and plural nouns when the identity is specified or clear from context. 2) Several exceptions to article usage are provided, such as not using articles with proper nouns, languages, illnesses, portions of the day, and more. Specific rules are given for when to use articles with geographical features, transportation, buildings, and other categories. 3) The document concludes by recapping some of the key exceptions, such as not using "the" with most street

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    1) The document discusses the use of definite and indefinite articles in English. It explains that "a" and "an" are used with singular countable nouns to indicate unspecified or general references, while "the" is used with both singular and plural nouns when the identity is specified or clear from context. 2) Several exceptions to article usage are provided, such as not using articles with proper nouns, languages, illnesses, portions of the day, and more. Specific rules are given for when to use articles with geographical features, transportation, buildings, and other categories. 3) The document concludes by recapping some of the key exceptions, such as not using "the" with most street

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    46 views25 pages

    Definite and Indefinite Articles - Grammar

    Uploaded by

    Rafaela Sepulveda Lima
    1) The document discusses the use of definite and indefinite articles in English. It explains that "a" and "an" are used with singular countable nouns to indicate unspecified or general references, while "the" is used with both singular and plural nouns when the identity is specified or clear from context. 2) Several exceptions to article usage are provided, such as not using articles with proper nouns, languages, illnesses, portions of the day, and more. Specific rules are given for when to use articles with geographical features, transportation, buildings, and other categories. 3) The document concludes by recapping some of the key exceptions, such as not using "the" with most street

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 25

    DEFINITE AND

    INDEFINITE
    ARTICLES
    INDEFINITE
    ARTICLES
    INDEFINITE ARTICLES
    ▪ The choice of a/an and the pronunciation of the
    depend on the next sound.

    A + CONSONANT SOUND : a cup, a poster, a TV

    AN + VOWEL SOUND: an egg, an aspirin, an orange


    INDEFINITE ARTICLES
    ▪ A/an goes only with a singular noun.
    He left a case, (singular) He left some cases, (plural) He left some luggage,
    (uncountable).

    ▪ When the story FIRST mentions something, the noun has a or an.
    A man booked into a hotel in Cheltenham.

    ▪ We use a/an + noun (someone/something) when we aren't saying which one


    (UNSPECIFIC).
    A man (someone) booked into a hotel.
    He left a case (something) behind.
    INDEFINITE ARTICLES
    ▪ A phrase which describes something has a/an (A/AN +
    ADJECTIVE + NOUN).
    It was a lovely day. Cheltenham is a nice old town.

    ▪ We also use a/an to classify something (movie, book, music),


    to say what kind of thing it is.
    The play was a comedy. The disco is a country one.

    ▪ We use a/an to say what someone's job is.


    My sister is a secretary. Nick is a car salesman.
    INDEFINITE ARTICLES
    ▪ Sentences with a/an express the same general meaning.
    A dog makes a wonderful pet.

    But we can also use plural noun on its own to express the
    same way (general meaning)
    Dogs make wonderful pets.
    INDEFINITE ARTICLES
    ▪ We use a/ an (=one) with fractions, numbers and
    measurements.
    An hour
    A hundred, a thousand, a million
    A mile
    A half
    DEFINITE
    ARTICLES
    DEFINITE ARTICLES
    ▪ The goes with both singular/plural nouns and uncountable nouns.
    He needed the case. (singular)
    He needed the cases. (plural)
    He needed the luggage. (uncountable)

    ▪ When the same thing was mentioned before in the context.


    The man didn't return to the hotel.
    DEFINITE ARTICLES
    ▪ We use the when it is clear which one we mean.
    Would you like to see the show? (= the show we already mentioned)

    ▪ When the thing is UNIQUE we are talking about, we use the.


    The sun was going down.
    The government is unpopular.

    We normally say: the country(side), the earth, the environment, the


    government, the moon, the ozone layer, the Minister, the sea(side), the sky,
    the sun, the weather.
    DEFINITE ARTICLES
    ▪ We also use the with cinema, theatre and (news)paper.
    Do you often go to the cinema?
    I read about the accident in the paper.

    ▪ We use the with a superlative.


    It's the biggest hotel in town.

    ▪ The + plural noun or uncountable noun has a specific meaning.


    The computers crashed at work today.
    The milk I drank was spoiled.
    DEFINITE ARTICLES
    ▪ We use the + singular noun to make general statements about
    ANIMALS, INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES.
    The tiger can swim.
    Who invented the camera?
    The electron is a part of every atom.
    DEFINITE ARTICLES
    ▪ We use THE before parts of the day.
    In the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening. EXECEPT
    night.

    ▪ We use THE before MEDIAS.


    The radio, the TV, the internet, the cellphone.
    DEFINITE ARTICLES
    ▪ We also use the with musical instruments.
    Natasha can play the piano, the violin and the
    clarinet.

    ▪ We do not use THE with sports.


    Shall we play tennis?
    EXCEPTIONS
    ▪ We do not use THE with a possessive ( ‘s ).
    at Matilda's Restaurant

    ▪ Continents, countries, islands, states and counties do not use


    THE.
    Words like REPUBLIC, UNITED, KINGDOM use the.
    the Irish Republic, the United Kingdom (the UK)

    Plural names also use THE.


    EXCEPTIONS
    ▪ We do not use THE names and titles.
    Jesus, Rafaela, Caio, President Obama

    ▪ We do not use THE before liquids, gases and materials.


    Water, Air, Flour

    ▪ We do not use THE before meals.


    Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner.
    EXCEPTIONS
    ▪ We do not use THE with illness.
    Cancer, ashma, measles

    ▪ We do not use THE with language and school subjects..


    Portuguese, English, Biology, Chemistry.

    ▪ We do not use THE with magazines.


    Vogue, People, Época, Veja.
    EXCEPTIONS
    ▪ Regions use THE
    the West , the Riviera

    ▪ Regions ending with the name of a continent or country are


    without the.
    Central Asia, South Wales

    ▪ When you have OF, you use the.


    the South of France
    EXCEPTIONS
    ▪ Hills and mountains are without THE.
    She climbed (Mount) Everest.

    ▪ Ranges use THE.


    Skiing in the Alps and the Rockies are
    Amazing.
    EXCEPTIONS
    ▪ Lakes and lagoons are without THE.
    near Lake Michigan, beside Coniston Water

    ▪ Seas, oceans, rivers and canals use THE.


    the Mediterranean (Sea) , across the Atlantic (Ocean)
    the (River) Thames, the Suez Canal
    EXCEPTIONS
    ▪ Cities, towns, suburbs and villages most are without
    THE.
    Harehills is a suburb of Leeds.

    ▪ Roads, streets, squares and parks most are without


    THE.
    along Morden Road

    Except: Number + road (use the)


    EXCEPTIONS
    ▪ Bridges most are without THE.
    over Tower Bridge, on Brooklyn Bridge

    ▪ Stations, airports and important buildings: We do not use THE before


    most stations and airports; with religious, educational and official
    buildings or with palaces and houses.
    to Waterloo (Station) , at Orly (Airport)

    Exceptions are names with OF.


    at the University of York
    EXCEPTIONS

    ▪ Theatres, cinemas, hotels, galleries and centers with


    possessive form ('s) is without THE.
    St Martin's (Theatre), at Durrant's (Hotel)

    But they usually use THE.


    at the Globe (Theatre), the Plaza (Cinema)
    EXCEPTIONS

    ▪ Most shops and restaurants are without THE.


    Filly Restaurant, Burger King (Fast Food)

    ▪ Names with a noun (body, studio) often have THE.


    at the Body Shop
    The end

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