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    Geometry

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    Majeanx
    This document discusses properties of quadrilaterals and parallelograms. It defines a parallelogram as a quadrilateral with both pairs of opposite sides parallel. The key properties of parallelograms are that opposite sides are congruent and parallel, opposite angles are congruent, and consecutive angles are supplementary. Ways to prove that a quadrilateral is a parallelogram are also outlined. Similarities between geometric objects are discussed, noting that similar shapes have corresponding angles and sides that are proportional.

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    Geometry

    Uploaded by

    Majeanx
    47 views15 pages
    This document discusses properties of quadrilaterals and parallelograms. It defines a parallelogram as a quadrilateral with both pairs of opposite sides parallel. The key properties of parallelograms are that opposite sides are congruent and parallel, opposite angles are congruent, and consecutive angles are supplementary. Ways to prove that a quadrilateral is a parallelogram are also outlined. Similarities between geometric objects are discussed, noting that similar shapes have corresponding angles and sides that are proportional.

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    This document discusses properties of quadrilaterals and parallelograms. It defines a parallelogram as a quadrilateral with both pairs of opposite sides parallel. The key properties of parallelograms are that opposite sides are congruent and parallel, opposite angles are congruent, and consecutive angles are supplementary. Ways to prove that a quadrilateral is a parallelogram are also outlined. Similarities between geometric objects are discussed, noting that similar shapes have corresponding angles and sides that are proportional.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    47 views15 pages

    Geometry

    Uploaded by

    Majeanx
    This document discusses properties of quadrilaterals and parallelograms. It defines a parallelogram as a quadrilateral with both pairs of opposite sides parallel. The key properties of parallelograms are that opposite sides are congruent and parallel, opposite angles are congruent, and consecutive angles are supplementary. Ways to prove that a quadrilateral is a parallelogram are also outlined. Similarities between geometric objects are discussed, noting that similar shapes have corresponding angles and sides that are proportional.

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    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Geometr

    y
    Quadrilat
    eral
    Properties of
    Quadrilaterals
    Parallelogram
    A quadrilateral with
    both pairs of opposite
    sides parallel.
    Theorems for
    Parallelograms
    If a quadrilateral is a
    parallelogram, then;
    •both pairs of opposite sides
    are congruent.
    •both pairs of opposite
    angles are congruent.
    •both pairs of consecutive
    angles are supplementary.
    •the diagonals bisect each
    other.
    •a diagonal bisects the
    parallelogram into 2 congruent
    triangles
    if one pair of opposite sides are
    •
    parallel and congruent.
    Proving Quadrilaterals
    are Parallelograms
    •Show that both pairs of opposite
    sides are
    parallel.
    •Show that both pairs of opposite
    sides are
    congruent.
    •Show that both pairs of opposite
    angles are
    congruent.
    Show that one angle is
    supplementary to both
    consecutive angles.
    Show that the diagonals bisect
    each other.
    Show that one pair of opposite
    sides are congruent and
    parallel.
    Special Things

    to Remember
    As noted above, a quadrilateral is any shape the has four
    sides.  Outlined below are four definitions that are good
    to always keep in mind when working with quadrilaterals.
     Consecutive angles are any two angles whose vertices are
    the endpoints of the same side.  (In the figure below,
    angle B and angle C are consecutive angles.)
    Consecutive sides are any two sides that
    intersect.  (In the figure, AB and BC are
    consecutive sides.)
    Consecutive sides are any two sides that
    intersect.  (In the figure, AB and BC are
    consecutive sides.)
    Opposite angles are any two angles that are
    not consecutive. (In the figure, angle B and
    angle D are opposite angles.)
    Opposite sides are any two sides that are not
    consecutive. (In the figure, AB and DC are
    opposite sides.)
    Similarities
    Two geometrical objects are called similar if they both have
    the same shape. More precisely, one is congruent to the
    result of a uniform scaling (enlarging or shrinking) of the
    other. Corresponding sides of similar polygons are in
    proportion, and corresponding angles of similar polygons
    have the same measure. One can be obtained from the other
    by uniformly "stretching" the same
    amount on all directions, possibly with additional rotation and
    reflection, i.e., both have the same shape, or one has the
    same shape as the mirror image of the other. For example, all
    circles are similar to each other, all squares are similar to each
    other, and all equilateral triangles are similar to each other.

    On the other hand, ellipses are


    not all similar to each other, nor are
    hyperbolas all similar to each other.
    If two angles of a triangle have
    measures equal to the measures of
    Geometry
    Characteristic
    Properties of Similarity
    Characteristic Properties of Similarity

    Two triangles are said to be similar if


        (i) their corresponding angles are equal and
        (ii) their corresponding sides are proportional .

    Thus two triangles ABC and DEF are similar if

    (i )∠A = ∠D, ∠B = ∠E , ∠C = ∠Fand


    (ii ) AB / DE = BCI / EF = CA / FA
    Equiangular Triangle
    Two triangles are said to be
    equiangular, if their
    corresponding angles are equal.
    Characteristic Property 1:
    AAA Similarity: if two triangles
    are equiangular, then triangles
    are similar.
    Characteristic Property 2:
    SSS Similarity: if the corresponding
    sides of two triangles are proportional,
    then they are similar.

    Characteristic Property 3:
    SAS Similarity: if in two triangles, one
    pair of corresponding sides are
    proportional and the included angles are
    equal then the two triangles are similar.

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