Conscienc E: The Subjective Norm of Morality

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CONSCIENC

E
The Subjective Norm of Morality
What is Conscience?
■is technically defined as the moral faculty
that makes known to man his moral
obligation and urges him to fulfill that
moral obligation.
■as the inner sanctuary of the human being
(GS, 16). There he/she is alone with God,
whose voice echoes in his/her depths.
■is the revealer of the love of God in the
heart of the human person.
Moral Conscience
■is present at the heart of the
person, enjoins the person to do
good and avoid evil.
QUALITIES & DIVISIONS OF CONSCIENCE

A. Quality of Conscience According to


Personal Freedom
■Free. Conscience assumes personal
decisions with full responsibility unhindered.

■Unfree. Conscience is hindered by some


obstacles on the level of cognition
(ignorance, errors, inattention) and volition
(forced, fears, passions, habits/vices).
Quality of Conscience
According to Objective
Value
■Correct: conformity with
objective moral values and
norms.
■Erroneous: lack of conformity
with objective/personal moral
demands.
C. Quality of Conscience
According to Moral Attitude
■Clear: confident and free in achieving
sound moral awareness of values and their
demands towards their translation into
action.
■Scrupulous: judges sin to be present
even when there is not.
■Lax conscience: judges lawful what is
sinful and light what is grave.
■Strict conscience: judges too
harshly.
■Pharisaical conscience: small
things judged as too important and
grave things judged as not
important.
■Compensatory conscience:
attempts to conceal.
D. Quality of Conscience
According to Degree of
Certitude
■Certain: all practical doubt is resolved through a
formation of moral judgment. It judges without
fear and error.
■Doubtful conscience: uncertainty about
morality. It can be solved by means of:
■a. Direct Solution
■Using reflex principles (rules of prudence), which
is gained by inference from common
circumstances, ordinary happenings, general
experiences and observations
■b. Indirect Solution
Using principles of compromise:
1. Principle of Lesser Evil
2. Principle of Double Effect and
Proportionate Reason
3. Principle of Cooperation
■Perplex Conscience: fears sin in
whatever choice it makes
■Probable Conscience: in search of
security and information
■Antecedent conscience: the judgment
of the action is already passed even
before the action.
■Consequent conscience: evaluates a
deed already done or omitted; thus
approving excuses and reproving
accuses.
FORMATION OF
CONSCIENCE
CCC 1783: ―Conscience must be informed … the
education of conscience is indispensable for human
beings.‖
■The formation of conscience is related to the
formation of the person. The formation interacts
with various factors and influences such as:
1. Internal
a. Cognitive
b. Affective
c. Volitional
 
2. External
a. Family
b. School
c. Society
d. Church

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