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    Laplace Transform Solutions of Transient Circuits: Dr. Holbert March 5, 2008

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    Ann Razon
    This document provides an introduction to using Laplace transforms to analyze transient circuits. It discusses how circuit elements such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors are modeled in the Laplace domain. Analysis techniques like KVL, KCL, and source transformations that are commonly used in the time domain can also be applied in the Laplace domain to solve circuits. Examples are worked through to illustrate transient analysis using Laplace transforms.

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    Laplace Transform Solutions of Transient Circuits: Dr. Holbert March 5, 2008

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    Ann Razon
    90 views14 pages
    This document provides an introduction to using Laplace transforms to analyze transient circuits. It discusses how circuit elements such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors are modeled in the Laplace domain. Analysis techniques like KVL, KCL, and source transformations that are commonly used in the time domain can also be applied in the Laplace domain to solve circuits. Examples are worked through to illustrate transient analysis using Laplace transforms.

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    EEE202_Lect13_LaplaceSolutionTransientCircuits

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    This document provides an introduction to using Laplace transforms to analyze transient circuits. It discusses how circuit elements such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors are modeled in the Laplace domain. Analysis techniques like KVL, KCL, and source transformations that are commonly used in the time domain can also be applied in the Laplace domain to solve circuits. Examples are worked through to illustrate transient analysis using Laplace transforms.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    90 views14 pages

    Laplace Transform Solutions of Transient Circuits: Dr. Holbert March 5, 2008

    Uploaded by

    Ann Razon
    This document provides an introduction to using Laplace transforms to analyze transient circuits. It discusses how circuit elements such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors are modeled in the Laplace domain. Analysis techniques like KVL, KCL, and source transformations that are commonly used in the time domain can also be applied in the Laplace domain to solve circuits. Examples are worked through to illustrate transient analysis using Laplace transforms.

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    You are on page 1of 14

    Laplace Transform

    Solutions of Transient
    Circuits

    Dr. Holbert
    March 5, 2008

    Lect13 EEE 202 1


    Introduction
    • In a circuit with energy storage elements,
    voltages and currents are the solutions to
    linear, constant coefficient differential
    equations
    • Real engineers almost never solve the
    differential equations directly
    • It is important to have a qualitative
    understanding of the solutions

    Lect13 EEE 202 2


    Laplace Circuit Solutions
    • In this chapter we will use previously
    established techniques (e.g., KCL, KVL,
    nodal and loop analyses, superposition,
    source transformation, Thevenin) in the
    Laplace domain to analyze circuits
    • The primary use of Laplace transforms
    here is the transient analysis of circuits

    Lect13 EEE 202 3


    Laplace Circuit Element Models
    • Here we develop s-domain models of circuit
    elements
    • DC voltage and current sources basically remain
    unchanged except that we need to remember
    that a dc source is really a constant, which is
    transformed to a 1/s function in the Laplace
    domain

    Lect13 EEE 202 4


    Resistor
    • We start with a simple (and trivial) case, that of the
    resistor, R
    • Begin with the time domain relation for the element
    v(t) = R i(t)
    • Now Laplace transform the above expression
    V(s) = R I(s)
    • Hence a resistor, R, in the time domain is simply
    that same resistor, R, in the s-domain

    Lect13 EEE 202 5


    Capacitor
    • Begin with the time domain relation for the element
    d v(t)
    i(t)  C
    dt
    • Now Laplace transform the above expression
    I(s) = s C V(s) – C v(0)
    • Interpretation: a charged capacitor (a capacitor with
    non-zero initial conditions at t=0) is equivalent to an
    uncharged capacitor at t=0 in parallel with an
    impulsive current source with strength C·v(0)

    Lect13 EEE 202 6


    Capacitor (cont’d.)
    • Rearranging the above expression for the capacitor
    I(s) v(0)
    V(s)  
    sC s
    • Interpretation: a charged capacitor can be replaced
    by an uncharged capacitor in series with a step-
    function voltage source whose height is v(0)
    • Circuit representations of the Laplace transformation
    of the capacitor appear on the next page

    Lect13 EEE 202 7


    Capacitor (cont’d.)
    iC(t)
    Time +
    Domain vC(t) C
    –

    IC(s) IC(s)
    + +
    1/sC 1/sC Cv(0)
    VC(s) VC(s)
    + v(0)
    – s –
    –
    Laplace (Frequency) Domain Equivalents
    Lect13 EEE 202 8
    Inductor
    • Begin with the time domain relation for the
    element d i(t)
    v(t)  L
    dt
    • Now Laplace transform the above expression
    V(s) = s L I(s) – L i(0)
    • Interpretation: an energized inductor (an inductor
    with non-zero initial conditions) is equivalent to
    an unenergized inductor at t=0 in series with an
    impulsive voltage source with strength L·i(0)
    Lect13 EEE 202 9
    Inductor (cont’d.)
    • Rearranging the above expression for the inductor
    V(s) i(0)
    I(s)  
    • Interpretation: an energized
    sL sinductor at t=0 is
    equivalent to an unenergized inductor at t=0 in
    parallel with a step-function current source with
    height i(0)
    • Circuit representations of the Laplace
    transformation of the inductor appear on the next
    page

    Lect13 EEE 202 10


    Inductor (cont’d.)

    Time +
    Domain vL(t) L
    iL(0)
    –

    IL(s) IL(s)
    + +
    sL
    VL(s) VL(s) sL i(0)
    – s
    – + Li(0) –

    Laplace (Frequency) Domain Equivalents


    Lect13 EEE 202 11
    Analysis Techniques
    • In this section we apply our tried and tested
    analysis tools and techniques to perform
    transient circuit analyses
    – KVL, KCL, Ohm’s Law
    – Voltage and Current division
    – Loop/mesh and Nodal analyses
    – Superposition
    – Source Transformation
    – Thevenin’s and Norton’s Theorems
    Lect13 EEE 202 12
    Transient Analysis
    • Sometimes we not only must Laplace transform
    the circuit, but we must also find the initial
    conditions

    Element DC Steady-State
    Capacitor I = 0; open circuit
    Inductor V = 0; short circuit

    Lect13 EEE 202 13


    Class Examples
    • Drill Problems P6-4, P6-5

    Lect13 EEE 202 14

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