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    ECG Interpretation

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    aldiansyahrauf
    The document provides guidance on how to read electrocardiograms (ECGs). It explains the basic principles of ECG interpretation, including determining the heart rate and rhythm, assessing the axis, identifying signs of hypertrophy and myocardial infarction, and recognizing common arrhythmias. The key steps are examining the rate, rhythm, axis, signs of hypertrophy, evidence of myocardial infarction, and identifying any arrhythmias. Examples of common ECG findings are also illustrated.

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    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    ECG Interpretation

    Uploaded by

    aldiansyahrauf
    70 views81 pages
    The document provides guidance on how to read electrocardiograms (ECGs). It explains the basic principles of ECG interpretation, including determining the heart rate and rhythm, assessing the axis, identifying signs of hypertrophy and myocardial infarction, and recognizing common arrhythmias. The key steps are examining the rate, rhythm, axis, signs of hypertrophy, evidence of myocardial infarction, and identifying any arrhythmias. Examples of common ECG findings are also illustrated.

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    306059631-ECG-Interpretation.ppt

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    The document provides guidance on how to read electrocardiograms (ECGs). It explains the basic principles of ECG interpretation, including determining the heart rate and rhythm, assessing the axis, identifying signs of hypertrophy and myocardial infarction, and recognizing common arrhythmias. The key steps are examining the rate, rhythm, axis, signs of hypertrophy, evidence of myocardial infarction, and identifying any arrhythmias. Examples of common ECG findings are also illustrated.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    70 views81 pages

    ECG Interpretation

    Uploaded by

    aldiansyahrauf
    The document provides guidance on how to read electrocardiograms (ECGs). It explains the basic principles of ECG interpretation, including determining the heart rate and rhythm, assessing the axis, identifying signs of hypertrophy and myocardial infarction, and recognizing common arrhythmias. The key steps are examining the rate, rhythm, axis, signs of hypertrophy, evidence of myocardial infarction, and identifying any arrhythmias. Examples of common ECG findings are also illustrated.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    At a glance
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    The document discusses the basics of electrocardiography including lead placements, components of an ECG, steps to interpret an ECG, and various arrhythmias.

    The main components of an ECG that are discussed are rate, rhythm, axis, hypertrophic signs, myocardial infarction, and arrhythmias.

    The steps to interpret an ECG that are outlined are rate, rhythm, axis, hypertrophic signs, myocardial infarction, and arrhythmias.

    HOW TO READ

    ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY

    ZULKARNAINI

    Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine


    Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia
    National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita
    Unipolar Precodial (Chest) Leads
    Midclavicular line
    Anterior axillary line
    Midaxillary line

    V6R V6
    V5
    V5R
    V4
    V4R V3
    V3R V2
    V1

    Mervin J. Goldman, MD. 11th edition Principles of clinical Electrocardiography. Clinical Professor of Medicine University of
    California School of Medicine San Francisco @1995-1982
    Unipolar Precodial (Chest) Leads

    Horizontal plane of V4-6

    V7 V8 V9 V9RV8RV7R

    Mervin J. Goldman, MD. 11th edition Principles of clinical Electrocardiography. Clinical Professor of Medicine University of
    California School of Medicine San Francisco @1995-1982
    The electrocardiogram
    (ECG) illustrates
    conduction of electrical
    impulses in the heart.
    The depolarization of the
    ventricles occurs from
    the endocardium
    (inside) to the
    epicardium (outside)
    [e]
    The repolarization of the
    ventricles occurs in the
    opposite direction. [g]
    ECG INTERPRETATION
    1. RATE
    2. RHYTHM
    3. AXIS
    4. HIPERTROPHIC SIGNS
    5. MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
    6. ARRHYTHMIA
    1. RATE
    Normal heart rate : 60 – 100 x/minutes
    • > 100 x/minutes : Sinus Tachycardia
    • < 60 x/minutes : Sinus Bradicardia

    Determination heart rate (normal paper speed 25 mm/s):


    • 300
    Count number of large square (bold boxes in one R – R’ interval)
    • 1500
    Count number of small square in one R – R’ intervals
    • Number of QRS complex in 6 seconds, multiply by 10
    2. RHYTHM

    Normal cardiac rhythm : SINUS rhythm

    Sinus rhythm characteristics :


    • Rate 60-100 bpm
    • Constant R – R interval
    • Negative P wave in aVR and positive di II
    • P wave is always followed by QRS complex
    3. AXIS
    4. HYPERTROPHIC SIGNS
    5. MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

     Ischemia
     Injury
     Necrosis
    ANTERIOR INFARCTION
    INFERIOR INFARCTION
    POSTEROLATERAL INFARCTION
    ARRHYTHMIA
    AV BLOCK
    WHAT’S WRONG??
    Lead Error: V1 and V3 are Transposed!
    In this normal 12-lead ECG the V1 and V3 chest electrodes are
    interchanged. Experienced ECG interpreters should be able to spot this
    lead placement error.
    DISCUSSION
    Sinus arrhythmia
    Limb lead reversal
    Early repolarization
    Subendocardial ischemia.
    Anterolateral ST-segment depression
    Unstable angina
    acute anterolateral myocardial infarction
    High lateral infarction
    Lateral myocardial infarction
     Right ventricular infarction
    Acute inferoposterior myocardial infarction
    left ventricular aneurysm
    Mobitz I
    High-grade atrioventricular block
    Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
    Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
    Atrial fibrillation
    Atrial flutter
    premature ventricular contraction
    Supraventricular tachycardia
    Wide complex tachycardia
    Ventricular flutter
    Idioventricular rhythm

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