Circulatory System

What is the circulatory system?
 The circulatory system carries blood and dissolved

substances to and from different places in the body.
 The Heart has the job of pumping these things around

the body.
 The Heart pumps blood and substances around the

body in tubes called blood vessels.
 The Heart and blood vessels together make up the

Circulatory System.
How does this system work?
pulmonary vein lungs pulmonary artery
head & arms
aorta
main vein
Right Left
liver
digestive system
kidneys
legs
Circulatory System
Our circulatory system is a double circulatory system.
This means it has two parts parts.
Lungs
the right side of the left side of

the system the system
deals with deals with
deoxygenated oxygenated
blood.
blood.
Body cells
The Heart
This is a vein. It brings These are arteries.

blood from the body, They carry blood
except the lungs. away from the heart.
2 atria
Coronary arteries,
the hearts own
2 ventricles blood supply
The heart has four chambers
now lets look inside the heart

The Heart
Artery to Lungs Artery to Head and Body
Vein from Head and Body

Vein from Lungs
Right Atrium
Left Atrium
valve valve
Right Ventricle Left Ventricle

How does the Heart work?
STEP ONE
blood from the blood from

body the lungs
The heart beat begins when the

heart muscles relax and blood
flows into the atria.
STEP TWO
The atria then contract and

the valves open to allow blood
into the ventricles.
STEP THREE
The valves close to stop blood

flowing backwards.
The ventricles contract forcing

the blood to leave the heart.
At the same time, the atria are

relaxing and once again filling with
blood.
The cycle then repeats itself.

blood from the heart gets around
the body through blood vessels
There are 3 types of blood vessels
a. ARTERY
b. VEIN
c. CAPILLARY
The ARTERY
Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
the elastic fibres allow

the artery to stretch
under pressure
thick muscle and

the thick muscle can
elastic fibres
contract to push the
blood along.
The VEIN
Veins carry blood towards from the heart.
veins have valves

which act to stop the
blood from going in
the wrong direction.
thin muscle and

elastic fibres body muscles surround the veins
so that when they contract to
move the body, they also squeeze
the veins and push the blood along
the vessel.
The CAPILLARY
Capillaries link Arteries with Veins
they exchange materials

between the blood and
other body cells.
the wall of a capillary

is only one cell thick The exchange of materials
between the blood and the
body can only occur through
capillaries.
The CAPILLARY
A collection of capillaries is known as a capillary bed.
bed
artery vein
capillaries
body cell
what’s in
digested food
red blood cells white blood cells
oxygen waste (urea)
carbon dioxide platelets
plasma hormones
The Blood
red blood cell white blood cell
platelets plasma
Red Blood Cells
contain haemoglobin, a
a biconcave disc that is molecule specially designed
round and flat without a to hold oxygen and carry it
nucleus to cells that need it.
can change shape to an

amazing extent, without
breaking, as it squeezes
single file through the
capillaries.
White Blood Cells
there are many different types and

all contain a big nucleus.
the two main ones are the

lymphocytes and the macrophages.
macrophages ‘eat’ and digest micro-

organisms .
some lymphocytes fight disease by making antibodies to destroy

invaders by dissolving them.
other lymphocytes make antitoxins to break down poisons.
Platelets
Platelets are bits of cell
broken off larger cells.
Platelets produce
tiny fibrinogen
fibres to form a net.
This net traps other
blood cells to form a
blood clot.
Plasma
It also contains useful
things like;
• carbon dioxide
A straw- • glucose
coloured
liquid that • amino acids
carries the • proteins
cells and the
platelets • minerals
which help • vitamins
blood clot.
• hormones
• waste materials
like urea.
SUMMARY
copy and complete the following;
away
Arteries take blood ______ from the heart. The walls of an artery
muscular
are made up of thick _________ walls and elastic fibres. Veins
towards
carry blood ________ the heart and also have valves. The
capillaries
_________ link arteries and veins, and have a one cell thick wall.
plasma
Blood is made up of four main things ______, the liquid part of the
oxygen
blood; Red Blood Cells to carry ______; White Blood cells to protect
platelets
the body from disease and _________ to help blood clot.
Summary
• Arteries take blood ______ from the heart. The
walls of an artery are made up of thick _________
walls and elastic fibres. Veins carry blood
________ the heart and also have valves. The
_________ link arteries and veins, and have a
one cell thick wall. Blood is made up of four main
things ______, the liquid part of the blood; Red
Blood Cells to carry ______; White Blood cells to
protect the body from disease and _________ to
help blood clot.

Circulatory System

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What is the circulatory system?

 The circulatory system carries blood and dissolved

 The Heart has the job of pumping these things around

 The Heart pumps blood and substances around the

 The Heart and blood vessels together make up the

pulmonary vein lungs pulmonary artery

head & arms

the right side of the left side of

deals with deals with

This is a vein. It brings These are arteries.

The heart has four chambers

now lets look inside the heart

Artery to Lungs Artery to Head and Body

Vein from Head and Body

Right Ventricle Left Ventricle

blood from the blood from

The heart beat begins when the

The atria then contract and

The valves close to stop blood

The ventricles contract forcing

At the same time, the atria are

The cycle then repeats itself.

the body through blood vessels

There are 3 types of blood vessels

the elastic fibres allow

thick muscle and

veins have valves

thin muscle and

they exchange materials

the wall of a capillary

oxygen waste (urea)

carbon dioxide platelets

red blood cell white blood cell

can change shape to an

there are many different types and

the two main ones are the

macrophages ‘eat’ and digest micro-

some lymphocytes fight disease by making antibodies to destroy

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