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    Cancer Immunol

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    wiwi
    The document discusses immune response against tumors, including: 1) Both the innate immune system (e.g. NK cells) and adaptive immune system (e.g. T cells) play a role in fighting tumors through cellular responses. 2) Tumor cells evolve mechanisms to evade the immune system, such as losing antigen presentation or inducing immune tolerance. 3) Immunotherapy aims to enhance the immune response against tumors, for example by strengthening cell-mediated immunity or using vaccines for passive or active immunization.

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    Cancer Immunol

    Uploaded by

    wiwi
    36 views30 pages
    The document discusses immune response against tumors, including: 1) Both the innate immune system (e.g. NK cells) and adaptive immune system (e.g. T cells) play a role in fighting tumors through cellular responses. 2) Tumor cells evolve mechanisms to evade the immune system, such as losing antigen presentation or inducing immune tolerance. 3) Immunotherapy aims to enhance the immune response against tumors, for example by strengthening cell-mediated immunity or using vaccines for passive or active immunization.

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    cancer immunol

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    The document discusses immune response against tumors, including: 1) Both the innate immune system (e.g. NK cells) and adaptive immune system (e.g. T cells) play a role in fighting tumors through cellular responses. 2) Tumor cells evolve mechanisms to evade the immune system, such as losing antigen presentation or inducing immune tolerance. 3) Immunotherapy aims to enhance the immune response against tumors, for example by strengthening cell-mediated immunity or using vaccines for passive or active immunization.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    36 views30 pages

    Cancer Immunol

    Uploaded by

    wiwi
    The document discusses immune response against tumors, including: 1) Both the innate immune system (e.g. NK cells) and adaptive immune system (e.g. T cells) play a role in fighting tumors through cellular responses. 2) Tumor cells evolve mechanisms to evade the immune system, such as losing antigen presentation or inducing immune tolerance. 3) Immunotherapy aims to enhance the immune response against tumors, for example by strengthening cell-mediated immunity or using vaccines for passive or active immunization.

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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 30

    Immune Response in Degenerative Disease:

    Tumor Immunology

    [email protected]
     Introduction
     Innate-and adaptive immunity
    against tumor
     Tumor cell evasion of the Immune
    responses
     Principles in Immunotherapy
     Concluding Remarks
    Introduction
    Evidence of Immune Reaction
    on Tumor Growth
     Contain lymphoid infiltrates, some
    indicate crucial sign
     Occur more frequently in the certain
    period of life, when the immune
    functions less effectively
     Arise frequently in immune
    suppressed individuals
     Spontaneous regression occurs
    Studies on Tumor Immunity
     Data are mostly from animal models
     Immune responses may be most
    important to prevent the
    growth/spread of viral-induced than
    non viral-induced tumors

    immunosurveillance
    Evidence: oncogenic virus induction

     Nude/athymic mouse
    • Less tumor frequency occurs,
    except to those with viral infection
    • Methyl cholanthrene (MC)-induced
    SCID mouse and MC-induced
    control  no difference in tumor
    incidence; differ in immunogenicity
    Innate-and Adaptive Immunity
    against Tumor
    Transformed (tumor) cells

     activate innate immune


    cells

    stimulate adaptive cellular


    responses

    • Players in the innate


    domain
     NK & NKT cells, APC: DC,
    Mj
    • Players in the adaptive
    domain
     T cells: CTL/Tc
     Antibodies (evidence?)
    Interplay of the innate and adaptive
    immune cells

    Biewenga, 2008
    Cytokine-induced immune
    reactions
    How they recognize tumor?:
    NK cells vs CTL / Tc

     NK/NKT cells
    • Pattern recognition receptors
     CTL/Tc
    • Via TcR, cognate interaction with MHC
    expression on APC, highly specific
    Figure 2-50 Mechanisms by
    which NK cells
    distinguish
    infected from
    healthy-
    uninfected cells

    Notice, the presence


    or absence of MHC
    class I expression
    Figure 14-16

    Tumors that lose


    MHC class I
    expression 
    escape from
    immune
    surveillance, but
    susceptible to NK
    cell killing

    NK cell Leukemia cell


    Biewenga, 2008
    Biewenga, 2008
    Candidate tumor rejection antigens by CTL
    Figure 14-11 part 1 of 2
    Candidate tumor rejection antigens by
    CTLFigure
    (contn’d)14-11 part 2 of 2
    Activation of CD4+ T cells
    Activation of CD8+ T cells

    Biewenga, 2008
    Evade mechanisms of tumor cells
    Mechanisms by which tumors
    escape immune recognition
     Low immunogenicity
    • no peptide, -MHC expression, -co-
    stimulatory molecules
     Induce immune tolerance
    • absence of co-stimulatory signals
     Antigenic modulation
    • antigen-loss variants
     Immune suppression
    • exp. TGF-b secretion
     Privilege site
    • create physical barrier
    T cells Figure
    (CTL, Th1) attack
    14-14

    Physical
    barrier
    endocytosis

    Tumor cell

    Privilege site
     (Basic principles)
    Concluding Remarks
     Both the innate and adaptive immune
    responses play a crucial role in tumor
    immunity, in particular cell-mediated
    immune reactions
     The growth and development of
    tumors are depending upon their
    successful evasion against immune
    recognition
     Immunologic-based therapy against
    tumors is being underway, such as
    enhancing the specific cell-mediated
    immune responses, and passive or
    active immunization
    Thank so much..

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