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    Battery Technology: Lithium Ion Batteries

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    depak
    Lithium-ion batteries work by allowing ions to flow between electrodes during discharge and recharge. A lithium-ion battery has a graphite anode, lithium manganese dioxide cathode, and lithium salt electrolyte. During discharge, lithium ions move from the anode to the cathode, and back during charging. Lithium-ion batteries have high energy density and no memory effect, making them better than other battery technologies like lead-acid and nickel-cadmium. Flow batteries store energy in liquid electrolytes pumped between tanks and a reaction chamber, with capacity determined by tank size and power by reaction chamber size. They have long cycle life but lower energy density than lithium-ion.

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    Battery Technology: Lithium Ion Batteries

    Uploaded by

    depak
    59 views14 pages
    Lithium-ion batteries work by allowing ions to flow between electrodes during discharge and recharge. A lithium-ion battery has a graphite anode, lithium manganese dioxide cathode, and lithium salt electrolyte. During discharge, lithium ions move from the anode to the cathode, and back during charging. Lithium-ion batteries have high energy density and no memory effect, making them better than other battery technologies like lead-acid and nickel-cadmium. Flow batteries store energy in liquid electrolytes pumped between tanks and a reaction chamber, with capacity determined by tank size and power by reaction chamber size. They have long cycle life but lower energy density than lithium-ion.

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    battery basics

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    Battery Basics

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    Lithium-ion batteries work by allowing ions to flow between electrodes during discharge and recharge. A lithium-ion battery has a graphite anode, lithium manganese dioxide cathode, and lithium salt electrolyte. During discharge, lithium ions move from the anode to the cathode, and back during charging. Lithium-ion batteries have high energy density and no memory effect, making them better than other battery technologies like lead-acid and nickel-cadmium. Flow batteries store energy in liquid electrolytes pumped between tanks and a reaction chamber, with capacity determined by tank size and power by reaction chamber size. They have long cycle life but lower energy density than lithium-ion.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    59 views14 pages

    Battery Technology: Lithium Ion Batteries

    Uploaded by

    depak
    Lithium-ion batteries work by allowing ions to flow between electrodes during discharge and recharge. A lithium-ion battery has a graphite anode, lithium manganese dioxide cathode, and lithium salt electrolyte. During discharge, lithium ions move from the anode to the cathode, and back during charging. Lithium-ion batteries have high energy density and no memory effect, making them better than other battery technologies like lead-acid and nickel-cadmium. Flow batteries store energy in liquid electrolytes pumped between tanks and a reaction chamber, with capacity determined by tank size and power by reaction chamber size. They have long cycle life but lower energy density than lithium-ion.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Battery Technology

    Lithium ion Batteries

    Mukhtiar Hussain
    MS EE POWER

    1
    Battery
    • Convert stored chemical energy into electrical
    energy
    • Reaction between chemicals take place
    • Consisting of electrochemical cells
    • Contains
    • Electrodes
    • Electrolyte

    2
    Electrodes and Electrolytes
    • Cathode
    • Positive terminal
    • Chemical reduction occurs (gain electrons)
    • Anode
    • Negative terminal
    • Chemical oxidation occurs (lose electrons)
    • Electrolytes allow:
    • Separation of ionic transport and electrical transport
    • Ions to move between electrodes and terminals
    • Current to flow out of the battery to perform work

    3
    Battery Overview
    • Battery has metal or plastic case
    • Inside case are cathode, anode, electrolytes
    • Separator creates barrier between cathode
    and anode
    • Current collector brass pin in middle of cell
    conducts electricity to outside circuit

    4
    Primary Cell
    • One use (non-rechargeable/disposable)
    • Chemical reaction used, can not be reversed
    • Used when long periods of storage are
    required
    • Lower discharge rate than secondary
    batteries
    • Use:
    smoke detectors, flashlights, remote controls

    5
    Lithium-Ion Battery
    • Anode: Graphite
    • Cathode: Lithium manganese dioxide
    • Electrolyte: mixture of lithium salts

    • Lithium ion battery half cell reactions


    CoO2 + Li+ + e- ↔ LiCoO2 Eº = 1V
    Li+ + C6+ e- ↔ LiC6 Eº ~ -3V
    • Overall reaction during discharge
    CoO2 + LiC6 ↔ LiCoO2 + C6
    Eoc = E+ - E- = 1 - (-3.01) = 4V

    6
    Lithium-Ion Battery
    • Ideal material
    • Low density, lithium is light
    • High reduction potential
    • Largest energy density for weight
    • Li-based cells are most compact ways of storing electrical energy
    • Lower in energy density than lithium metal, lithium-ion is safe
    • Energy density is twice of the standard nickel-cadmium
    • No memory and no scheduled cycling is required to prolong battery
    life

    7
    Flow Battery Technology
    Flow batteries use liquid electrolytes with fixed cells to store and regenerate power. Various flow battery
    chemistries exist such as vanadium redox, zinc-bromine, iron - chromium etc.

    Performance Cycle Life Energy


    measure Efficiency (%)
    Market leader 5000 60
    Best in class 10,000+ 70

    8
    Construction.
    • The electrolyte is stored in tanks. To increase the energy density, the
    tank sizes can be doubled using ready-made storage tanks at an
    estimated cost increase of only 50 percent compared to a new
    system. When replacing the battery, the electrolyte can be reused,
    further saving cost. Problem areas are the membranes that tend to
    corrode and are expensive; additives are said to solve this issue.

    9
    Electrolyte is stored in tanks and pumped through the core to generate electricity;
    charging is the process in reverse. The volume of electrolyte governs battery
    capacity.
    10
    Lithium-ion flow battery
    • A lithium-ion flow battery is a flow battery that uses a form of
    lightweight lithium as its charge carrier.
    • The flow battery stores energy separately from its system for
    discharging.
    • The amount of energy it can store is determined by tank size,
    its power density is determined by the size of the reaction chamber
    • Flow batteries suspend grains of solid material in a liquid, which
    preserves its characteristics, making lithium's high energy density
    available to flow systems.

    11
    Construction
    • The membrane that separates the two electrodes in a flow battery
    must allow for the quick passage of lithium ions to balance the
    charges during charging and discharging. Current lithium conducting
    membranes are either effective but brittle, or flexible but inefficient.

    A new flow battery that uses lithium ion technology


    is able to hold more energy in a given volume than
    those already on the market.
    12
    Conclusion
     Energy storage technologies are rapidly gaining adoption for variety of grid applications in recent
    years.

     Pumped Hydro, Thermal Storage and Lead Acid batteries have been used for grid support and back
    up applications for 100+ years

     In recent years, Li-Ion batteries are gaining rapid adoption for short duration applications, and
    reduction is prices and improvements in performance is also enabling use for applications such as
    peak load management, renewable integration and diesel reduction.

     Advanced Lead Acid and Flow batteries also have promise for significant improvements and
    enabling newer applications in next 3-5 years.

     Regulatory intervention & Business Model innovation is expected to drive large scale adoption of
    energy storage in next 2-3 years. 13
    Thank You

    Any Questions??

    14

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