By Athena Virago Elaiza Kate Inoc Jethro Nick Lhorence Sucano Rezza Me Jamili

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By Athena Virago

Elaiza Kate Inoc


Jethro Nick
Lhorence Sucano
Rezza Me Jamili
Circadian
• Pronounced as “sir-kaydee-en”
• Derived from the Latin words
 Circa (about)
 Diem (day)
• Describes a pattern repeated
approximately every 24 hours
CIRCADIAN CLOCK
 Genetically controlled and
involves about 20 genes that are
activated and deactivated (turned
on or off) in a predictable and
tightly orchestrated manner.
 Jetlag  effect of the
distraction of the circadian clock
SCN (Suprachiasmatic Nucleus)
 is a very small rice-grain sized structure composed of
20,000 neurons located in the brain just above where
the optic nerves cross
 Receives information about incoming light from the
retina and the changing amount of light it receives
correlates with the 24-hour light-darkness cycle that
an individual experiences.
 known to be the conductor of a symphony of clocks
found in every cell
Human Sleep-wake
Cycle
 best-known manifestation
of the body’s clock
Human Sleep-wake
Cycle

 Melatonin  hormone that


makes a person sleepy
Human Sleep-wake
Cycle
 During periods of less light at
night, the SCN tells the brain to
make more melatonin that
facilitates sleep
Human Sleep-wake
Cycle
 Other biochemical cycles
controlled by the SCN
include:
 Body temperature
 Blood pressure
Metabolic Processes
 Many metabolic processes have timing regulation.
 Examples:
 When sleeping, digestive enzymes are not needed in the stomach nor is
chemical energy needed to promote muscle movement
 Increased brain activity that relates to memory storage.
 Protein KLF (Kruppel-like Factors)  controls the expression of an important
component of a potassium ion channel required to keep hearts beating in a “regular
manner”

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