EKISTICS

SCIENCE OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS

  According to
Doxiadis,
 The term EKISTICS was coined by Greek architect and urban planner
 “In order to
Konstantinos Apostolos Doxiadis in 1942.
create the cities
 Applies the science of human settlements. of the future, we
need to
 Includes regional, city, community planning and dwelling design. This
systematically
science termed Ekistics will take into consideration the principles of man
develop a
takes into account when building his settlements, as well as the
science of human
evolution of man settlements through history in terms of size and quality.
settlements.”
 The target is to build the city to its optimum size, that is, a city which
respects human dimensions.
 Since there is no point in resisting development, we should try to
accommodate technological evolutions of man within the same
settlement.
 EKISTICS aims to encompass all scales of human habitation and seeks to
learn archeological and historical record by looking not only at great
cities, but as much as possible, at the local settlement pattern.

 BASIC PART OF COMPOSITE HUMAN SETTLEMENTS

1. HOMOGENEOUS parts: fields.
2. CENTRAL parts: built up villages.
3. CIRCULATORY parts: roads and paths within the fields
4. SPECIAL parts: i.e. monastery contained in a homogeneous part.
 CLASSIFICATION OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
1. By Ekistics Unit
2. By Ekistics Elements
3. By Ekistics Functions
4. By Evolutionary Phases
5. By Factors and Disciplines
 CLASSIFICATION OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
• Based on sizes
 Large and closely spaces (urban settlements specializing in secondary and tertiary
activities)
 Small and sparsely spaced (rural settlements specializing in agriculture)
• Based on location of settlements
 Plains, mountains, coastal, etc.
• Based on physical forms – form as the expression of content, function, and structure.
• Based on the Five Elements of Human Settlements
• Based on Functions- understanding the meaning and role of settlements.
• Based on Time Dimension- age of settlements, (past, present, future), and whole process of
their growth.
• Based on degree of society’s conscious involvement in settlement creation- natural and
planned settlements.
• Based on Institutions, Legislation, and Administrations which has created for settlements.
 By Ekistics Unit- Four Basic Group

• Minor Shells or Elementary units- Man (Anthropos), room, house

• Micro Settlements- unit smaller than, or as small as, the traditional town where
people used, do & still do achieve interconnection by walking (house group,
small neighborhood)
• Meso Settlements- between traditional town & conurbation within which one
can commute daily (small polis, polis, small metropolis, small eperopolis, and
eperopolis)
• Macro Settlements- whose largest possible expression is the Ecumenopolis.
 The figure shows Doxiadis’
ideal future ekistics units for the
year 2100 at which time he
estimated was 1968 that the
earth would achieve zero
population growth at a
population of 50,000,000,000
with human civilization
powered by fusion energy.
 EKISTICS UNIT

 Eucemenopolis: the entire area of  Megalopolis: A group of

the Earth is occupied by human conurbations consisting of 10
settlements. million people each.
 EKISTICS UNIT

South
Florida

 Conurbation A group of Large

Cities consisting of 3-10 million  Metropolis: a large city consisting
people. of multiple towns and having
 LARGE CITY- a city with large
population & many services having les BASIC PRINCIPLES OF EKISTICS
than one million but over 3 lakhs of
people  Maximization of Human
 CITY- a city with abundant but not Potentials
with as many services as in a large city
having over 1 lakh up to 3lakhs of  Minimization of efforts
people.
 Optimizationof Man’s
 LARGE TOWN- population of 20 000 to1
lakh. Protective Space
 TOWN- population of 1000 to 20 000.  Optimization of man’s
 VILLAGE- population of 100 to 1000. relationship with his environment
 HAMLET- tiny population less than 100  Optimization of four previous
and very few services & few buildings.
principles
 ISOLATED DWELLINGS- 1 or 2 buildings
of families with negligible services, if
any.
 By Evolutionary Phases  By Factors & Disciplines
 Macro-Scale- nomadic,
agricultural, urban, urban
industrial.

 Micro Scale- specific area

at limited period of time.
 Islamabad the new capital
of Pakistan was planned by
Constantinos A. Doxiadis
and Doxiadis Associates in
the late 1950’s, is now a fast
growing city with inhabitants
of 1.5 million.
 The greater area of the
capital, the metropolitan
area, has been planned for a
future population of 2.5
million.
 Islamabad Today
HISTORY OF SETTLEMENTS IN THE
PHILIPPINES
 SPANISH OCCUPATION
• BINONDO
• INTRAMUROS
• CEBU
 AMERICAN OCCUPATION
• BAGUIO
 GOVERNMENT OFFICES OF HOUSING &
SETTLEMENTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
 HUDCC- The Housing and Urban
Development Coordinating Council was
created by then Pres. Corazon Aquino to
serve as the highest policy making body
for housing and coordinate the activities
of the government housing agencies to
ensure the accomplishment of the
National Shelter Program.
 HLURB- (Housing and Land Use
Regulatory Board) national government
 HGC- (Home Guaranty Corporation) mandated by law RA agency tasked as the planning ,
8763. it promotes sustainable home ownership by providing regulatory and quasi- judicial body for
risk coverage or guarantees and tax/fiscal incentives to land use and development and real
banks and financial institutions/investors granting housing estate and housing regulation.
development loans/credits, & home financing  NHA- (National Housing Authority)
 HDMF- (Home Mutual Development Fund) more popularly provides responsive housing programs
known as Pag-Ibig Fund. National savings program and primarily to low income families. Classified
affordable shelter financing for Filipino workers. under the Infrastructure Utilities Group.