Atomic Mass Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry
Atomic Mass
Avogadro’s Number
The Mole Concept
Percent Composition and Chemical Formulas
Atomic Mass
Learning Competency:
 Explain relative atomic mass and average atomic mass.
Objectives:
 Define atomic mass unit;
 Calculate the average atomic mass of elements;
 Determine the average molecular mass of molecules; and,
 Determine the average formula mass of ionic compounds.
Keywords:
oAtomic Mass Unit (amu)

oAverage Atomic Mass
oMolecular Mass
oFormula Mass
Review:
1.What are Isotopes?

2.Give examples of isotopes.
3.What is the similarities between
C-12 and C-13? What is their
difference?
Motivation
- Can you count objects by weighing them?
Ms. Lilia sells shelled peanuts in a store. But she

meets customers asking for 150 peanuts,
another for 750 peanuts, and another for 2,000
peanuts. Obviously, it will take Ms. Lilia a very
long time to count the peanuts. What would be
another way to count them?
 150 Peanuts
Motivation
Solution:
750 Peanuts
2000 Peanuts
How about for atoms?
Can we do the same procedure?

Atomic Mass
Mass Spectrometer Examples:
- used to experimentally
compare and determine the
masses of atoms 1 Mg atom = 2 C atom
Atoms have different

masses relative to one
1 Si atom = 2 N atom
another
The Reference Atom
C-12 isotope
- 6 protons
- 6 neutrons
- 12 atomic mass unit
Think about these:
The atomic mass of One atom of Se-77 is
Cu-63 is 62.93 amu. 6.410 times as heavy
This means that relative as an atom of C-12.
to C-12, one atom of
Cu-63 is 62.93/12 or What is the atomic
5.244 times the mass of mass of Se-77?
a C-12 atom
More Examples:
1. C-13, 13.00335 amu
2. Cu-65, 64.9278 amu
3. K-40, 39.963999 amu
4. Zr-92, 91.905040 amu
5. Ga-69, 5.7438 times
6. Kr-84, 6.9926 times
7. Sn-116, 9.6585 times
8. Sm-150, 12.4931 times
Definition of Terms
Atomic Mass Atomic Mass Unit
- the mass of an atom of a - a unit of mass used to express
chemical element expressed atomic and molecular masses,
in atomic mass units - equal to one-twelfth of the mass of
an atom of carbon-12
- the atomic mass of a single - equivalent to 1 g/mol
atom is simply its - unified atomic mass unit (u),
total mass and is typically - Dalton (Da),
expressed in atomic - universal mass unit, either amu or
mass units or amu. AMU
- 1.66053904020 x 10-27 kg
- 1.661 x 10-24 g
Average Atomic Mass
1. What is the atomic mass of Carbon?
- 12.01 amu
2. If C has six protons and six neutrons, why is the

relative atomic mass of carbon given as 12.01 amu and
not 12 amu?
- There are no individual atoms of carbon with a
mass of 12.01 amu.
Average Atomic Mass
Average atomic mass takes into account the
different isotopes of an element and their relative
abundances.
* it is not a simple average that is take but a

weighted average
Average Atomic Mass
Average atomic mass takes into account the
different isotopes of an element and their relative
abundances.
* it is not a simple average that is take but a

weighted average
Element Isotopes Mass Abundance Average
Atomic Mass
Carbon-12 12.00000 amu 98.90%

Carbon
Carbon-13 13.00335 amu 1.10%

Atomic Mass
Carbon-12 12.00000 amu 98.90%

Carbon 12.01 amu
Carbon-13 13.00335 amu 1.10%

Atomic Mass
Cu-63 62.93 amu 69.09%

Copper
Cu-65 64.927 amu 30.91%

Atomic Mass
Cu-63 62.93 amu 69.09%

Copper 63.55 amu
Cu-65 64.927 amu 30.91%

Atomic Mass
A 10.0129 amu 19.91%

? ?
B 11.0093 amu 80.09%
Atomic Mass
A 10.0129 amu 19.91%

Boron 10.81 amu
B 11.0093 amu 80.09%

Molecular Mass Formula Mass
the sum of the average atomic • the sum of the atomic masses of
masses of the atoms in the the atoms in the ionic compound
molecule
• What is the molecular mass of • What is the formula mass of

carbon dioxide, CO2? sodium chloride, NaCl?
=atomic mass of C+ 2(atomic mass of O) =atomic mass of Na + atomic mass of Cl)

= 12.01 amu + 2 (16.00 amu) = 22.99 amu + 35.45 amu
= 44.01 am = 58.44 amu
Water, H2O Magnesium Chloride, _________
Methane, CH4 Aluminum Sulfide, __________

Atomic Mass Stoichiometry

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Stoichiometry

oAtomic Mass Unit (amu)

1.What are Isotopes?

Ms. Lilia sells shelled peanuts in a store. But she

Can we do the same procedure?

Atoms have different

2. If C has six protons and six neutrons, why is the

* it is not a simple average that is take but a

* it is not a simple average that is take but a

Carbon-12 12.00000 amu 98.90%

Carbon-13 13.00335 amu 1.10%

Carbon-12 12.00000 amu 98.90%

Carbon-13 13.00335 amu 1.10%

Cu-63 62.93 amu 69.09%

Cu-65 64.927 amu 30.91%

Cu-63 62.93 amu 69.09%

Cu-65 64.927 amu 30.91%

A 10.0129 amu 19.91%

A 10.0129 amu 19.91%

B 11.0093 amu 80.09%

• What is the molecular mass of • What is the formula mass of

=atomic mass of C+ 2(atomic mass of O) =atomic mass of Na + atomic mass of Cl)

Methane, CH4 Aluminum Sulfide, __________

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