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    3 Exposure and Vulnerability

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    jonel tuazon
    The document discusses disaster readiness and risk reduction by examining concepts of exposure and vulnerability. It defines four types of vulnerability - physical, social, economic, and environmental vulnerability. Exposure refers to elements at risk from natural or man-made hazards, including people, infrastructure, agriculture, and environmental assets. Vulnerability is used to estimate how much mitigation and preparedness measures are needed and can be expressed as a scale from lowest to highest degree. The Philippines faces high exposure and vulnerabilities to natural disasters due to its location in the typhoon belt, rugged landscape, and archipelagic geography. Poverty and corruption also increase its vulnerability.

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    3 Exposure and Vulnerability

    Uploaded by

    jonel tuazon
    798 views22 pages
    The document discusses disaster readiness and risk reduction by examining concepts of exposure and vulnerability. It defines four types of vulnerability - physical, social, economic, and environmental vulnerability. Exposure refers to elements at risk from natural or man-made hazards, including people, infrastructure, agriculture, and environmental assets. Vulnerability is used to estimate how much mitigation and preparedness measures are needed and can be expressed as a scale from lowest to highest degree. The Philippines faces high exposure and vulnerabilities to natural disasters due to its location in the typhoon belt, rugged landscape, and archipelagic geography. Poverty and corruption also increase its vulnerability.

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    The document discusses disaster readiness and risk reduction by examining concepts of exposure and vulnerability. It defines four types of vulnerability - physical, social, economic, and environmental vulnerability. Exposure refers to elements at risk from natural or man-made hazards, including people, infrastructure, agriculture, and environmental assets. Vulnerability is used to estimate how much mitigation and preparedness measures are needed and can be expressed as a scale from lowest to highest degree. The Philippines faces high exposure and vulnerabilities to natural disasters due to its location in the typhoon belt, rugged landscape, and archipelagic geography. Poverty and corruption also increase its vulnerability.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    798 views22 pages

    3 Exposure and Vulnerability

    Uploaded by

    jonel tuazon
    The document discusses disaster readiness and risk reduction by examining concepts of exposure and vulnerability. It defines four types of vulnerability - physical, social, economic, and environmental vulnerability. Exposure refers to elements at risk from natural or man-made hazards, including people, infrastructure, agriculture, and environmental assets. Vulnerability is used to estimate how much mitigation and preparedness measures are needed and can be expressed as a scale from lowest to highest degree. The Philippines faces high exposure and vulnerabilities to natural disasters due to its location in the typhoon belt, rugged landscape, and archipelagic geography. Poverty and corruption also increase its vulnerability.

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    Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction

    EXPOSURE AND
    VULNERABILITY
    VULNERABILITY
    It is the characteristics and circumstances of
    a community, system or asset that make it
    susceptible to the damaging effects of a
    hazard.
    FOUR TYPES OF VULNERABILITY

    PHYSICAL VULNERABILITY

    It may be determined by aspects such as population


    density levels, remoteness of a settlement, the site design
    and materials used for critical infrastructure and for
    housing United Nations International Strategy for Disaster
    Reduction (UNISDR)
    SOCIAL VULNERABILITY

    Refers to the inability of people, organization and societies


    to withstand adverse impacts to hazards due to
    characteristics inherent in social interactions, institutions,
    and system of cultural values.
    ECONOMIC VULNERABILITY

    The level of vulnerability is highly dependent upon the


    economics status of individuals, communities and nations.
    The poor are usually vulnerable to disasters because they
    lack the resources to build sturdy structure and put other
    engineering measures in place to protect themselves from
    being negatively impact by disaster.
    ENVIRONMENTAL VULNERABILITY

    Natural resources depletion and resource degradation are


    key aspects of environmental vulnerability.
    ELEMENTS EXPOSED TO HAZARD

    EXPOSURE refers to the element at risk from a


    natural or man-made hazard event.
    • Human beings
    • Dwellings or households and communities
    • Building structures
    • Public facilities and infrastructure assets
    • Public transport system
    • Agricultural commodities
    • Environmental assets
    QUANTIFYING VULNERABILITY

    • It is used in estimating how much mitigation


    and preparedness measures will be applied.
    • Based on data about the interesting of the
    previous hazard events and severity of their
    effects.
    • It can be expressed as:
    0- lowest degree
    1- highest degree
    People: ratio of casualties/ injured to the total
    population
    TRIAGRAM OF DISATER RISK

    Earthquake
    Tsunami Engineering
    Floods Economic
    Cyclones Social
    Landslides
    volcanoes

    EXPOSURE RISK = Hazard X Exposure X Vulnerability


    Engineering Economic Social Capacity
    PHILIPPINE EXPOSURE & VULNERABILITIES
    TO NATURAL DISASTER

    • There are 8 cities in the Philippines exposed to


    natural hazards.
    • Study also found that of the 100 cities with
    greatest exposure to natural hazard, 21 in the
    Philippines, 16 in China, 11 in Japan and 8 in
    Bangladesh.
    10 WORLD CITIES MOST AT RISK

    1. PORT VILLA IN VANATU


    2. TUGUEGARAO IN CAGAYAN
    3. LUCENA IN QUEZON
    4. MANILA
    5. SAN FERNANDO PAMPANGA
    6. CABANATUAN IN NUEVA ECIJA
    7. BATANGAS
    8. TAIPEI
    9. SAN CARLOS, PANGASINAN
    10. NAGA IN CAMARINES SUR
    PHILIPPINE VULNERABILITY TO NATURAL DISASTER

    • The Philippines lies in the Pacific typhoon belt and we are


    visited by an average of 20 typhoons every year.
    • The rugged nature of our landscape makes our communities
    very vulnerable to landslides, mudflows and other disasters.
    • The Philippines is an archipelagic country, having many areas
    are vulnerable to storm surges.
    • The Philippines is considered “high risk” in terms of the
    country’s ability to manage and migrate the impacts of natural
    hazard and in part to ‘entrenched corruption and high levels of
    poverty.’

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