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    Introduction To Pic Microcontroller

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    The document provides an overview of the PIC microcontroller, including its features, architecture, and memory organization. Key points: - PIC stands for Peripheral Interface Controller and is a RISC microcontroller produced by Microchip Technology. - It has two types of internal memory - program memory and data memory. - Features include fast instruction execution, a simple 35 instruction set, integrated power and timing functions, interrupt control, and expandable I/O ports. - The architecture uses a Harvard architecture with separate program and data memory blocks and a register file consisting of general purpose and special purpose registers.

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    Introduction To Pic Microcontroller

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    125 views16 pages
    The document provides an overview of the PIC microcontroller, including its features, architecture, and memory organization. Key points: - PIC stands for Peripheral Interface Controller and is a RISC microcontroller produced by Microchip Technology. - It has two types of internal memory - program memory and data memory. - Features include fast instruction execution, a simple 35 instruction set, integrated power and timing functions, interrupt control, and expandable I/O ports. - The architecture uses a Harvard architecture with separate program and data memory blocks and a register file consisting of general purpose and special purpose registers.

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    Introduction to Pic Microcontroller

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    The document provides an overview of the PIC microcontroller, including its features, architecture, and memory organization. Key points: - PIC stands for Peripheral Interface Controller and is a RISC microcontroller produced by Microchip Technology. - It has two types of internal memory - program memory and data memory. - Features include fast instruction execution, a simple 35 instruction set, integrated power and timing functions, interrupt control, and expandable I/O ports. - The architecture uses a Harvard architecture with separate program and data memory blocks and a register file consisting of general purpose and special purpose registers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    125 views16 pages

    Introduction To Pic Microcontroller

    Uploaded by

    nothingtohide
    The document provides an overview of the PIC microcontroller, including its features, architecture, and memory organization. Key points: - PIC stands for Peripheral Interface Controller and is a RISC microcontroller produced by Microchip Technology. - It has two types of internal memory - program memory and data memory. - Features include fast instruction execution, a simple 35 instruction set, integrated power and timing functions, interrupt control, and expandable I/O ports. - The architecture uses a Harvard architecture with separate program and data memory blocks and a register file consisting of general purpose and special purpose registers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    INTRODUCTION TO PIC

    MICROCONTROLLER
    Overview and Features
    • The term PIC stands for Peripheral Interface Controller .
    • Microchip Technology, USA .
    • Basically RISC microcontrollers
    • 5 ports
    • It has two types of internal memories .
    • One is program memory and
    • the other is data memory.
    Features
    • Speed :
    • When operated at its maximum clock rate a PIC executes most of its instructions in
    0.2 s or five instructions per microsecond.
    • Instruction set Simplicity :
    • The instruction set is so simple that it consists of only just 35 instructions
    • Integration of operational features:
    • Power-on-reset (POR) and brown-out protection ensure that the chip operates only
    when the supply voltage is within specifications. A watch dog timer resets the PIC if
    the chip malfunctions or deviates from its normal operation at any time.
    • Programmable timer options:
    • Three timers can characterize inputs, control outputs and provide internal timing for
    the program execution.
    Features
    • Interrupt control:
    • Up to 12 independent interrupt sources can control when the CPU deal with
    each sources.
    • Powerful output pin control:
    • A single instruction can select and drive a single output pin high or low in its
    0.2 s instruction execution time. The PIC can drive a load of up to 25A.
    • I/O port expansion:
    • With the help of built in serial peripheral interface the number of I/O ports
    can be expanded. EPROM/DIP/ROM options are provided.
    ARCHITECTURE - PIC16FXX - Harvard architecture
    Memory organization and register file structure

    The memory module of the PICcontroller has three memory blocks.


    • Program memory
    • Data memory and Stack
    REGISTER FILE STRUCTURE
    In PIC Microcontrollers the Register File consists of two parts namely
    • General Purpose Register File
    • Special Purpose Register File
    Program Memory
    DATA MEMORY
    • The data memory of PIC 16F8XX is partitioned into multiple banks
    which contain the general purpose registers and the Special function
    Registers.(SFRs).
    • The bits RP1 and RP0 bits of the status register are used to select
    these banks.
    • Each bank extends upto 7FH(128 Bytes).
    • The lower bytes of the each bank are reserved for the Special
    Function Registers.
    • Above the SFRs are general purpose registers implemented as static
    RAM.
    Register file structure
    General Purpose Register File:
    • The general purpose register file is another name for the microcontroller’s
    RAM .
    • Data can be written to each 8-bit location updated and retrieved any
    number of times.
    Special Purpose Register File:
    • The special function register file consists of input, output ports and control
    registers used to configure each 8-bit port either as input or output.
    • It contains registers that provide the data input and data output to a chip
    resources like Timers, Serial Ports and Analog to Digital converter
    • the registers that contains control bits for selecting the mode of operation
    and also enabling or disabling its operation.
    Register file structure
    CPU REGISTERS
    Microcontroller has the following registers.
    • Working Register-W (Similar to Accumulator)
    • Status Register
    • FSR – File Select Register (Indirect Data memory address pointer)
    • INDF
    • Program Counter
    Status Register

    DC: Digit carry/borrow bit


    Z: Zero bit
    NOT_PD : Reset Status bit (Power-down mode bit)
    NOT_TO : Reset Status bit (tme- out bit)
    RPO: Register bank Select
    FSR – (File Select Register)
    • It is the pointer used for indirect addressing.
    • In the indirect addressing mode the 8-bit register file address is first
    written into FSR.
    • It is a special purpose register that serves as an address pointer to any
    address through out the entire register file.
    INDF – (Indirect File):
    • It is not a physical register addressing but this INDF will cause indirect
    addressing.
    • Any instruction using the INDF register actually access the register
    pointed to by the FSR.
    PROGRAM COUNTER
    • PIC PIC16F877A has a 13 bit program counter in which PCL is the lower 8-
    bits of the PC and PCLATH is the write buffer for the upper 5 bits of the PC.

    • PCLATH (program counter Latch can be read or from or written to without


    affecting the Program Counter(PC).
    • The upper 3 bits of PCLATH remain zero.
    • It is only when PCL is written to that PCLATH is automatically written into
    the PC at the same time.
    Parallel I/O Ports

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