8051 Notes
8051 Notes
8051 Notes
Microcontroller 8051 has two buses for program and data. Thus it has two memory
spaces of 64K X 8 size for both program and data. It has an 8 bit processing unit and 8 bit
accumulator. It also includes 8 bit B register as main processing blocks. It also has some other
8 bit and 16 bit registers.
Microcontroller 8051 has a built in RAM for internal processing. This memory is
primary memory and is used for storage of temporary data. It is Volatile memory i.e. its
contents get vanished when the power is turned OFF.
Central Processor Unit (CPU): As you may know that CPU is the brain of any processing
device. It monitors and controls all operations that are performed in the Microcontroller. User
has no control over the work of CPU. It reads program written in ROM memory and executes
them and do the expected task.
Address Bus
Data Bus
Address Bus: Microcontroller 8051 has a 16 bit address bus. It used to address memory
locations. It is used to transfer the address from CPU to Memory.
Data Bus: Microcontroller 8051 has 8 bits data bus. It is used to carry data.
Oscillator: As we know Microcontroller is a digital circuit device, therefore it requires clock
for its operation. For this purpose, Microcontroller 8051 has an on-chip oscillator which
works as a clock source for Central Processing Unit. As the output pulses of oscillator are
stable therefore it enables synchronized work of all parts of 8051 Microcontroller.
Timers/Counters: Microcontroller 8051 has 2 16 bit timers and counters. The counters are
divided into 8 bit registers. The timers are used for measurement of intervals , to determine
pulse width etc.