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    Type of High Rise Building

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    solarstuff
    This document discusses different types of high-rise buildings. It begins by defining high-rise buildings as multi-story structures between 35-100 meters tall or 12-39 floors tall. Some key points include: High-rises use structural systems like braced frames, shear walls, core structures, and tube structures to resist gravity and lateral loads from wind and earthquakes. Common construction materials are concrete, steel, glass, and cladding. Different countries have their own tallest buildings, with the Burj Khalifa in Dubai being the world's tallest at 828 meters tall. Pakistan has several high-rises over 100 meters in cities like Karachi, Islamabad, and Lahore.

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    Type of High Rise Building

    Uploaded by

    solarstuff
    197 views31 pages
    This document discusses different types of high-rise buildings. It begins by defining high-rise buildings as multi-story structures between 35-100 meters tall or 12-39 floors tall. Some key points include: High-rises use structural systems like braced frames, shear walls, core structures, and tube structures to resist gravity and lateral loads from wind and earthquakes. Common construction materials are concrete, steel, glass, and cladding. Different countries have their own tallest buildings, with the Burj Khalifa in Dubai being the world's tallest at 828 meters tall. Pakistan has several high-rises over 100 meters in cities like Karachi, Islamabad, and Lahore.

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    This document discusses different types of high-rise buildings. It begins by defining high-rise buildings as multi-story structures between 35-100 meters tall or 12-39 floors tall. Some key points include: High-rises use structural systems like braced frames, shear walls, core structures, and tube structures to resist gravity and lateral loads from wind and earthquakes. Common construction materials are concrete, steel, glass, and cladding. Different countries have their own tallest buildings, with the Burj Khalifa in Dubai being the world's tallest at 828 meters tall. Pakistan has several high-rises over 100 meters in cities like Karachi, Islamabad, and Lahore.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    197 views31 pages

    Type of High Rise Building

    Uploaded by

    solarstuff
    This document discusses different types of high-rise buildings. It begins by defining high-rise buildings as multi-story structures between 35-100 meters tall or 12-39 floors tall. Some key points include: High-rises use structural systems like braced frames, shear walls, core structures, and tube structures to resist gravity and lateral loads from wind and earthquakes. Common construction materials are concrete, steel, glass, and cladding. Different countries have their own tallest buildings, with the Burj Khalifa in Dubai being the world's tallest at 828 meters tall. Pakistan has several high-rises over 100 meters in cities like Karachi, Islamabad, and Lahore.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 31

    Type of high-rise

    Building

    Presented By:
    Nik Mohammad B126015
    Osama Abdul hafeez B126019
    Zabihullah B126034
    Introduction & Definition
    Emporis Standards defines: A multi-story structure between 35–100
    meters tall, or a building of unknown height from 12–39 floors.

    Or

    A high-rise is a tall building or structure: Buildings between 75 feet


    and 491 feet (23 m to 150 m) high are considered high-rises. Buildings
    taller than 492 feet (150 m) are classified as skyscrapers.
    Or
    The international conference on fire safety: Any structure where the
    height can have a serious impact on evacuation.
    Demand for high-rise Building
    1. Scarcity of land in urban areas
    2. Increasing the demand for business and
    residential space
    3. Economic growth
    4. Technological advancements
    5. Innovations in structural systems
    6. Desire for aesthetics in urban settings
    7. Concept of city skyline
    8. Cultural significance and prestige
    9. Human aspiration to building higher
    Structural Loads
    • Gravity loads
    – Dead loads
    – Live loads
    – Snow loads

    • Lateral loads
    – Wind loads
    – Seismic loads

    • Special load cases


    – Impact loads
    – Blast loads
    Construction materials
    Materials used for high rise buildings: concrete, steel, glass, cladding material, high alumina
    cement used for roofs & floors. It contains bauxite instead of clay, cement, Portland cement of
    lime stone, silica. CONCRETE:- cellular concrete of clay-gypsum &
    Advantages are:
    invention of light weight concrete.
     Plasticity
     Easily availability
    FERRO CONCRETE:-it is layer of fine mesh
     Easy in casting
    saturated with cement.
     Non corrosive
     Can be cast in situ
    GUNITE:- it is also known as shot Crete.
    Disadvantages are:
    compressed air to shoot concrete onto (or into) a frame or
     Cost of form structure. Shot Crete is frequently used against vertical soil
     Dead weight or rock surfaces, as it eliminates the need for
     Difficulty in pouring formwork.

    GLASS:- float glass with double glass is used in tall buildings .


    Tempered glass is used in tall buildings instead of plain glass,
    as that would shatter at such height.
    List of Top 10 High-Rise Buildings
    # Building City Floors Height Year
    1 Burj Khalifa Dubai 163 828 m 2010
    2 Makkah Clock Royal Tower [Abraj Al Bait] Makkah 95 601 m 2012

    3 Taipei 101 Taipei 101 509 m 2004


    4 Shanghai World Financial Center Shanghai 101 492 m 2008

    5 International Commerce Centre [Union Hong Kong 118 484 m 2010


    Square]
    6 Petronas Tower 1 [Petronas Towers] KualaLumpur 88 452 m 1998

    7 Petronas Tower 2 [Petronas Towers] KualaLumpur 88 452 m 1998

    8 Nanjing Greenland Financial Center Nanjing 66 450 m 2010

    9 Willis Tower Chicago 108 442 m 1974


    10 Kingkey Finance Tower Shenzhen 100 442 m 2011
    Completed High Rise-Buildings in Pakistan
    Sr # Name City Height Floors Year

    1 Ocean Towers (formerly Sofitel) Karachi 120 m 394 ft 30 2012

    2 MCB Tower Karachi 116 m 381 ft 29 2005


    3 Telecom Tower Islamabad 113 m 371 ft 24 2011

    4 The Centaurus Tower 1 Islamabad 114m 375 ft 32 2012

    5 The Centaurus Tower 2 Islamabad 110m 361 ft 32 2012

    6 The Centaurus Tower 3 Islamabad 110m 361 ft 32 2012

    7 Arfa Software Technology Park Lahore 106 m 348 ft 19 2011

    8 Dolmen City Karachi 102 m 335 ft 21 2011


    10 Habib Bank Plaza Karachi 101 m 331 ft 22 1963
    11 Chapal Plaza Karachi 101 m 331 ft 22 1985
    Type of High-Rise Structure
    1. Braced Frame
    2. Rigid Frame Structure
    3. Infilled Frame Structure
    4. High efficiency Mega-Braced frame system
    5. Flat Plate and Flat Slab Structure
    6. Shear wall structure
    7. Core Structure system
    8. Framed tube structure
    9. The trussed tube
    10. Bundled tube structure
    11. Outriggers system
    12. Tube in tube
    Advantages:-
    •Girders only participate minimally in the lateral
    bracing action-Floor framing design is independent
    of its level in the structure.
    •Can be repetitive up the height of the building with
    obvious economy in design and fabrication.

    Disadvantages:-
    Obstruct the internal planning and the locations of
    the windows and doors; for this reason, braced bent
    are usually incorporated internally along wall and
    partition lines, especially around elevator, stair, and
    service shaft.-Diagonal connections are expensive to
    fabricate and erect.
    Rigid Frame Structure
    The word rigid means ability to resist the
    deformation. Rigid frame structures can be defined
    as the structures in which beams & columns are
    made monolithically and act collectively to resist the
    moments which are generating due to applied load.
    Infilled Frame Structure

    Most usual form of construction for tall buildings up to 30 stories in height Column and
    girder framing of reinforced concrete, or sometimes steel, is in-filled by panels of brickwork,
    block work, or cast-in-place concrete. Because of the in-filled serve also as external walls or
    internal partitions, the system is an economical way of stiffening and strengthening the
    structure. The complex interactive behavior of the infill in the frame, and the rather random
    quality of masonry, has made it difficult to predict with accuracy the stiffness and strength
    of an in-filled frame.
    Flat-Plate and Flat Slab Structure

    Flat plate: The flat plate is a two-way


    reinforced concrete framing system utilizing a
    slab of uniform thickness, the simplest of
    structural shapes.

    Flat slab: The flat slab is a two-way reinforced


    structural system that includes either drop
    panels or column capitals at columns to resist
    heavier loads and thus permit longer spans.
    Shear wall system
    • A type of rigid frame construction.
    • The shear wall is in steel or concrete to provide greater lateral
    rigidity. It is a wall where the entire material of the wall is employed
    in the resistance of both horizontal and vertical loads.
    • Is composed of braced panels (or shear panels) to counter the
    effects of lateral load acting on a structure. Wind & earthquake loads
    are the most common among the loads.
    • For skyscrapers, as the size of the structure increases, so
    does the size of the supporting wall. Shear walls tend to be used only
    in conjunction with other support systems.
    FRAMED-TUBE STRUCTURES] Dewitt chestnut
    The lateral resistant of the framed-tube structures is provided by very
    stiff moment-resistant frames that form a “tube” around the perimeter
    of the building.

    The basic inefficiency of the frame system for reinforced concrete


    buildings of more than 15 stories resulted in member proportions
    of prohibitive size and structural material cost premium, and thus
    such system were economically not viable.

    The frames consist of 6-12 ft (2-4m) between centers, joined by deep


    spandrel girders.

    Gravity loading is shared between the tube and interior column or walls.

    When lateral loading acts, the perimeter frame aligned in the direction of loading acts
    as the “webs” of the massive tube of the cantilever, and those normal to the direction
    of the loading act as the “flanges”.
    The tube form was developed originally for building of rectangular plan, and probably
    it’s most efficient use in that shape.
    THE TRUSSED TUBE Recently the use of perimeter diagonals – thus
    The trussed tube system represents a classic solution for a tube the term “DIAGRID” - for structural effectiveness
    uniquely suited to the qualities and character of structural and lattice-like aesthetics has generated renewed
    steel. interest in architectural and structural designers
    of tall buildings.
    Interconnect all exterior columns to form a rigid box, which can
    resist lateral shears by axial in its members rather than through
    flexure.

    Introducing a minimum number of diagonals on each façade


    and making the diagonal intersect at the same point at the
    corner column.

    The system is tubular in that the fascia diagonals not only form
    a truss in the plane, but also interact with the trusses on the
    perpendicular faces to affect the tubular behavior. This creates Introducing a minimum
    the x form between corner columns on each façade. number of diagonals on
    each façade and
    making the diagonal
    Relatively broad column spacing can resulted large clear spaces intersect at the same point
    for windows, a particular characteristic of steel buildings. at the corner column

    The façade diagonalization serves to equalize the gravity loads John Hancock Center
    of the exterior columns that give a significant impact on the introduced trussed tube
    exterior architecture. design.
    BUNDLED TUBE SYSTEM
    The concept allows for wider column
    spacing in the tubular walls than would be
    possible with only the exterior frame tube
    Sears Tower, Chicago.
    form.

    The spacing which make it possible to place


    interior frame lines without seriously
    Burj Khalifa, Dubai.
    compromising interior space planning.

    The ability to modulate the cells vertically


    can create a powerful vocabulary for a
    variety of dynamic shapes therefore offers
    great latitude in architectural planning of
    at all building.
    TUBE-IN-TUBE SYSTEM
    This variation of the framed tube Lumbago Tatung Haji
    consists of an outer frame tube, the Building, Kuala Lumpur
    “Hull,” together
    with an internal elevator and service
    core.
    The Hull and core act jointly in resisting
    both gravity and lateral loading.

    The outer framed tube and the inner


    core interact horizontally as the shear
    and flexural components of a wall-
    frame structure, with the benefit of
    increased lateral stiffness.

    The structural tube usually adopts a


    highly dominant role because of its
    much greater structural depth.
    Makkah Clock Royal Tower
    Burj khalifa
    Taipei 101
    International Commerce Centre Petronas Towers
    Wills Tower Kingkey Finance Tower
    Thank you

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